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Questions and Answers
The DHCP client sends a discover packet to find a DHCP ______ in the network.
The DHCP client sends a discover packet to find a DHCP ______ in the network.
server
The DHCP relay agent forwards DHCP messages between ______ and clients.
The DHCP relay agent forwards DHCP messages between ______ and clients.
servers
Each DHCP server sends an ______ packet to the client in response to the discover packet.
Each DHCP server sends an ______ packet to the client in response to the discover packet.
offer
The DHCP client typically selects the server that offers the longest lease time on the ______.
The DHCP client typically selects the server that offers the longest lease time on the ______.
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The DHCP client sends a ______ packet that specifies the DHCP server from which to obtain configuration information.
The DHCP client sends a ______ packet that specifies the DHCP server from which to obtain configuration information.
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After getting the request packet, the DHCP server sends an ______ packet back to the client.
After getting the request packet, the DHCP server sends an ______ packet back to the client.
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The DHCP relay agent snoops on all of the packets ______ between the client and the server.
The DHCP relay agent snoops on all of the packets ______ between the client and the server.
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The process of monitoring lease expiry is referred to as lease ______ or passive snooping.
The process of monitoring lease expiry is referred to as lease ______ or passive snooping.
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The DHCP model is based on a ______ architecture.
The DHCP model is based on a ______ architecture.
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A DHCP ______ is any IP device configured to request an IP address from a server.
A DHCP ______ is any IP device configured to request an IP address from a server.
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The role of a DHCP ______ agent is to pass messages between clients and servers across different subnets.
The role of a DHCP ______ agent is to pass messages between clients and servers across different subnets.
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In the first step of the DHCP process, the client sends a ______ message to discover available IP addresses.
In the first step of the DHCP process, the client sends a ______ message to discover available IP addresses.
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After receiving the DISCOVER message, the DHCP server sends a ______ offering an IP address to the client.
After receiving the DISCOVER message, the DHCP server sends a ______ offering an IP address to the client.
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The client's message to accept the offered IP address is known as a DHCP ______.
The client's message to accept the offered IP address is known as a DHCP ______.
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Once the lease duration has expired, the DHCP server can assign the IP address to another ______.
Once the lease duration has expired, the DHCP server can assign the IP address to another ______.
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The final acknowledgment from the DHCP server to the client is called the DHCP ______.
The final acknowledgment from the DHCP server to the client is called the DHCP ______.
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DHCP stands for Dynamic Host ______ Protocol.
DHCP stands for Dynamic Host ______ Protocol.
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In the DHCP client-server model, the ______ is responsible for responding to IP address requests.
In the DHCP client-server model, the ______ is responsible for responding to IP address requests.
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A ______ agent is used in DHCP to facilitate communication between clients and servers across different networks.
A ______ agent is used in DHCP to facilitate communication between clients and servers across different networks.
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RARP stands for Reverse ______ Resolution Protocol.
RARP stands for Reverse ______ Resolution Protocol.
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Lease management in DHCP involves ______ IP addresses to clients for a specified duration.
Lease management in DHCP involves ______ IP addresses to clients for a specified duration.
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The DHCP process typically begins with a client sending a ______ request to discover available servers.
The DHCP process typically begins with a client sending a ______ request to discover available servers.
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After receiving a DHCPDISCOVER, the server responds with a ______ offer containing an available IP address.
After receiving a DHCPDISCOVER, the server responds with a ______ offer containing an available IP address.
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The final step of lease management includes the client sending a ______ request to finalize the IP address assignment.
The final step of lease management includes the client sending a ______ request to finalize the IP address assignment.
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Study Notes
DHCP Relay Agent
- Forwards DHCP messages between DHCP servers and clients when they are not on the same subnet.
- Maintains an internal client table to track the state of each client.
- Receives offer packets from DHCP servers and forwards them to the client.
- Forwards request packets from the client to the selected DHCP server.
- Forwards acknowledgement packets from the server to the client.
- Installs host routes and ARP entries for clients, if configured to do so.
- Implements "lease shadowing" to monitor the client's lease status and know when it expires or is released.
DHCP Architecture Components
- DHCP Server: Automatically assigns network information (IP address, subnet mask, gateway address) on lease.
- DHCP Client: Any device on the network configured to request configuration parameters from a DHCP server.
- DHCP Relay Agent: Used to forward DHCP messages between servers and clients when they are not on the same subnet.
DHCP Transaction Steps
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Step 1: DHCP Discover:
- Client broadcasts a discover packet to find a DHCP server.
- Client's source IP is 0.0.0.0 (because it lacks an IP address yet).
- Destination is 255.255.255.255 (broadcast address).
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Step 2: DHCP Offer:
- DHCP server broadcasts an offer packet with an IP address to the client.
- Source address is the DHCP server's address.
- Destination is 255.255.255.255 (broadcast address).
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Step 3: DHCP Request:
- Client broadcasts a request packet to accept the offered IP address.
- Client's IP is still 0.0.0.0.
- Destination is 255.255.255.255 (broadcast address).
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Step 4: DHCP Acknowledgement:
- DHCP server sends an acknowledgement packet containing the client's configuration parameters.
- Destination is the client's IP address (now assigned).
DHCP Port Numbers
- DHCP clients use UDP port 68.
- DHCP servers use UDP port 67.
DHCP Communication Protocol
- Works on the Application layer of the TCP/IP protocol.
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Description
Test your knowledge on DHCP relay agents, their architecture, and transaction steps. Discover how DHCP relay agents facilitate communication between clients and servers across different subnets. This quiz covers key components and functions essential for network configuration.
