Lecture 14
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Questions and Answers

What is the capital of France? (example question)

  • Paris (correct)
  • London
  • Berlin
  • Madrid

    • What was the primary focus of the RNA Tie Club established in 1954?

  • To decode protein structures
  • To explore the genetic code (correct)
  • To study RNA synthesis
  • To investigate mutagens

    • Which of the following terms describes a genetic code that allows for multiple codons to specify the same amino acid?

  • Overlapping
  • Degenerate (correct)
  • Non-overlapping
  • Triplet

    • Who proposed that the genetic code is non-overlapping?

    <p>Sidney Brenner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mutations did Crick and colleagues study using acridine dyes?

    <p>Frameshift mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Marshall Nirenberg use in his experiments to decipher the genetic code?

    <p>Polynucleotide phosphorylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Nirenberg's experiments, which codon was found to encode phenylalanine?

    <p>UUU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of transfer RNA (tRNA)?

    <p>To transport amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Crick's adaptor hypothesis, what serves as the adaptor molecule between mRNA and proteins?

    <p>tRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the wobble hypothesis?

    <p>It explains how tRNA can recognize multiple codons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which modified nucleotide is found in the D loop of tRNA?

    <p>Dihydrouridine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many tRNAs are estimated to be required to translate all 61 codons?

    <p>32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the structure of tRNA?

    <p>A single-stranded molecule that forms a cloverleaf structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a codon consist of?

    <p>Three nucleotide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of plaques do rII T4 mutants produce when infecting E. coli B?

    <p>Clear plaques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the T loop in tRNA?

    <p>It aids in the stabilization of tRNA structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the term "frameshift mutation"?

    <p>A mutation that results from the addition or deletion of nucleotides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of RNA incorporates thymidine, a characteristic not found in other types of RNA?

    <p>tRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term "nomenclature" refer to in the context of tRNA?

    <p>The system used to distinguish charged and uncharged tRNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a "degenerate genetic code"?

    <p>Each amino acid can be specified by multiple codons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the genetic code, what is a codon?

    <p>A sequence of three nucleotides that specifies an amino acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key conclusion from the studies of Seymour Benzer on the rII locus?

    <p>The genetic code can be mapped using recombination frequency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?

    <p>To charge tRNA with the appropriate amino acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which codon is known as the start codon?

    <p>AUG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term "anticodon" refer to in tRNA?

    <p>The sequence that base-pairs with the corresponding codon in mRNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do proflavin-induced mutations primarily cause?

    <p>Frameshift mutations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which researcher is known for the wobble hypothesis?

    <p>Francis Crick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the conserved CCA motif in tRNA?

    <p>It is the site where amino acids are attached.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the genetic code is TRUE?

    <p>The code is universal across all organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the "extra loop" in tRNA structure?

    <p>To provide flexibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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