Lecture 14
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Questions and Answers

What is the capital of France? (example question)

  • Paris (correct)
  • London
  • Berlin
  • Madrid

What was the primary focus of the RNA Tie Club established in 1954?

  • To decode protein structures
  • To explore the genetic code (correct)
  • To study RNA synthesis
  • To investigate mutagens

Which of the following terms describes a genetic code that allows for multiple codons to specify the same amino acid?

  • Overlapping
  • Degenerate (correct)
  • Non-overlapping
  • Triplet

Who proposed that the genetic code is non-overlapping?

<p>Sidney Brenner (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutations did Crick and colleagues study using acridine dyes?

<p>Frameshift mutations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Marshall Nirenberg use in his experiments to decipher the genetic code?

<p>Polynucleotide phosphorylase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Nirenberg's experiments, which codon was found to encode phenylalanine?

<p>UUU (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of transfer RNA (tRNA)?

<p>To transport amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Crick's adaptor hypothesis, what serves as the adaptor molecule between mRNA and proteins?

<p>tRNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the wobble hypothesis?

<p>It explains how tRNA can recognize multiple codons. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which modified nucleotide is found in the D loop of tRNA?

<p>Dihydrouridine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many tRNAs are estimated to be required to translate all 61 codons?

<p>32 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the structure of tRNA?

<p>A single-stranded molecule that forms a cloverleaf structure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a codon consist of?

<p>Three nucleotide. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of plaques do rII T4 mutants produce when infecting E. coli B?

<p>Clear plaques (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the T loop in tRNA?

<p>It aids in the stabilization of tRNA structure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the term "frameshift mutation"?

<p>A mutation that results from the addition or deletion of nucleotides. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of RNA incorporates thymidine, a characteristic not found in other types of RNA?

<p>tRNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "nomenclature" refer to in the context of tRNA?

<p>The system used to distinguish charged and uncharged tRNA. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a "degenerate genetic code"?

<p>Each amino acid can be specified by multiple codons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the genetic code, what is a codon?

<p>A sequence of three nucleotides that specifies an amino acid. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key conclusion from the studies of Seymour Benzer on the rII locus?

<p>The genetic code can be mapped using recombination frequency. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?

<p>To charge tRNA with the appropriate amino acid. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which codon is known as the start codon?

<p>AUG (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "anticodon" refer to in tRNA?

<p>The sequence that base-pairs with the corresponding codon in mRNA. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do proflavin-induced mutations primarily cause?

<p>Frameshift mutations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which researcher is known for the wobble hypothesis?

<p>Francis Crick (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the conserved CCA motif in tRNA?

<p>It is the site where amino acids are attached. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is TRUE?

<p>The code is universal across all organisms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the "extra loop" in tRNA structure?

<p>To provide flexibility. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Capital of France (example flashcard)

Paris

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