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Questions and Answers

What is autonomy?

  • Ability to make ethical, intelligent decisions (correct)
  • Opposite of hereonomy (correct)
  • Capacity to learn in isolation
  • Ability to influence others
  • What is conflict management?

    The ability to prevent and resolve disputes in a civil, peaceable manner.

    Describe constructivist education.

    The concept that the child constructs knowledge through interaction with the social and physical environment.

    What are democratic life skills?

    <p>The skills children need to be healthy individuals and productive citizens of a democracy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does developmentally appropriate practice entail?

    <p>Educational practices that accommodate the development and individual needs of each child.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of discipline in an educational context?

    <p>Teaching and instruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an encouraging classroom?

    <p>An environment where each child feels a sense of belonging and self-worth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define guidance.

    <p>A way of teaching that empowers children to make ethical and socially responsive decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the No Child Left Behind Act?

    <p>Law that emphasizes educational accountability through standardized testing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does obedience based discipline intend to do?

    <p>Subjugate children to the authority of the teacher.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a parent-teacher partnership?

    <p>The state of relations when parents and teachers work together for the child's education.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe Self Psychology.

    <p>A branch of psychology that focuses on the developing self as the primary dynamic in human behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain attachment theory.

    <p>Theory addressing the formation of relationships between infants and caregivers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is conditional acceptance?

    <p>A classroom atmosphere where acceptance is based on performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define developmental egocentrism.

    <p>Inability to understand complex social factors and see perspectives other than one’s own.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emotional intelligence?

    <p>The capacity to use one's perceptions to work cooperatively with others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does equilibrium mean in Piaget's terms?

    <p>When an individual experiences harmony between perceptions and understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is executive function?

    <p>A set of cognitive abilities that control and regulate other abilities and behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain multiage classrooms.

    <p>Classrooms that include children of different ages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are multiple intelligences?

    <p>The theory that individuals possess natural intelligence in many dimensions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define aggression.

    <p>Any action intended to harm another, either directly or indirectly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is challenging behavior?

    <p>Conflicts causing harm or serious disruptions in a child's environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a complement sandwich?

    <p>An encouragement technique with two acknowledgments of effort and one request.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define comprehensive guidance.

    <p>A multifaceted strategy used to address mistaken behaviors and improve relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does conflict mean in educational settings?

    <p>Expressed disagreement between children over property, territory, or behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is experimentation (level one) mistaken behavior?

    <p>Mistaken behavior resulting from curiosity about a situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain guidance talks.

    <p>Discussions with a child after an incident to help them understand their actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is intentional mistaken behavior?

    <p>Mistaken behavior done on purpose, stemming from various influences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does intentionality refer to in mistaken behaviors?

    <p>When mistaken behaviors are performed purposefully due to a judgment error.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define mistaken behavior.

    <p>Errors in judgment and action made while learning life skills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are relational patterns?

    <p>Levels of social relations shown by children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is socially influenced (level two) mistaken behavior?

    <p>Mistaken behavior that results from the influence of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define strong unmet needs (level three) mistaken behavior.

    <p>Extreme mistaken behavior over time due to strong unmet physical and behavioral needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain superhero syndrome.

    <p>Identification with a heroic figure, causing overly aggressive play.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does academic performance indicate?

    <p>Demonstration of knowledge and skills within academic instruction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are cardinal principles?

    <p>An intervention strategy for addressing mistaken behaviors while respecting the child.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define a class meeting.

    <p>Meetings between the teacher and children to address business and concerns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is conflict mediation?

    <p>The process by which a third party helps resolve a conflict.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are crisis management techniques?

    <p>Strategies teachers use to de-escalate conflicts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does guidance intervention practices involve?

    <p>Practices that help teachers manage conflict situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define institution-caused mistaken behaviors.

    <p>Mistaken behavior resulting from a mismatch of program and child's needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is labeling?

    <p>Stereotyping a child's character from a pattern of mistaken behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Explain liberation teaching.

    <p>The acceptance and empowerment of children who might be singled out negatively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is passive restraint?

    <p>A technique used when children lose emotional control to prevent harm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a professional teacher?

    <p>A teacher who adapts to children's needs and dynamics of the situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define self-fulfilling prophecy.

    <p>The phenomenon where individuals act according to the labels assigned to them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is stigma in educational contexts?

    <p>The negative separation of an individual from the group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unconditional positive regard?

    <p>Full acceptance of the child despite mistaken behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does with-it-ness refer to for teachers?

    <p>Being aware of important classroom dynamics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Key Educational Terms and Concepts

    • Autonomy: Ability to make ethical decisions balancing personal viewpoints with those of others. Represents independence in decision-making.

    • Conflict Management: Skill set for preventing and resolving disputes in a civil manner, essential for maintaining classroom harmony.

    • Constructivist Education: Approach where children construct knowledge through interaction with their environment, promoting active learning.

    • Democratic Life Skills: Essential skills for children to thrive as citizens, including self-acceptance, ethical decision-making, and problem-solving.

    • Developmentally Appropriate Practice: Educational practices tailored to individual developmental needs and learning styles of each child.

    • Discipline: Originally means teaching; commonly refers to behavioral control through rewards and punishments.

    • Encouraging Classroom: Learning environment where children feel empowered, accepted, and capable of learning, fostering a sense of community.

    • Guidance: Teaching method that allows children to make ethical and socially responsive decisions, supporting democratic skills.

    • No Child Left Behind: Law focusing on educational accountability through standardized testing, aiming to enhance educational standards.

    • Obedience-Based Discipline: Techniques designed to enforce authority of the teacher, often focusing on compliance.

    • Parent-Teacher Partnership: Collaborative relationship between parents and teachers for the child's educational benefits, encouraging parental involvement.

    • Self Psychology: Branch of psychology emphasizing individual self-development, linking mental health to ongoing personal growth.

    • Attachment Theory: Explores relationships between infants and caregivers, highlighting the influence of these bonds on self-esteem and social behavior.

    • Conditional Acceptance: Classroom atmosphere where acceptance is contingent upon student performance, fostering anxiety around evaluation.

    • Developmental Egocentrism: Young children’s inability to see social situations from perspectives other than their own.

    • Emotional Intelligence (EI): Ability to perceive and understand others' emotions, enhancing cooperative interactions.

    • Equilibrium: State of harmony where individual understanding aligns with perceptions, according to Piaget.

    • Executive Function: Cognitive set of skills managing behaviors and functions, crucial for decision-making, developing early but maturing into adulthood.

    • Multiage Classrooms: Educational setting where children of various ages learn together, differing from multigrade classes.

    • Multiple Intelligences: Theory proposing that intelligence is multi-dimensional; education can nurture various types of intelligence.

    • Aggression: Direct or indirect harm intended to affect others, categorized as instrumental or reactive behavior.

    • Challenging Behavior: Disruptive actions by children causing conflict or harm, typically exhibiting ongoing patterns.

    • Complement Sandwich: Positive feedback technique sandwiching growth suggestions between two encouraging statements.

    • Comprehensive Guidance: Involves multifaceted strategies including building relationships, crisis intervention, and creating personalized guidance plans.

    • Conflict: Disagreements typically related to property or behavior among children, often requiring teacher intervention.

    • Mistaken Behavior: Errors in judgment during the learning process, occurring at varying levels of societal influence.

    • Guidance Talks: Discussions aimed at helping children reflect on their actions and understand the consequences of their behaviors.

    • Intentional Mistaken Behavior: Deliberate actions based on poor judgment, arising from various motivations including unmet needs.

    • Relational Patterns: Different social behaviors exhibited by children categorized as survival, adjustment, or encounter strategies.

    • Institution-Caused Mistaken Behaviors: Errors stemming from mismatches between educational programs and children's developmental needs.

    • Labeling: Process of stereotyping based on observed behaviors, which can affect children’s self-perception.

    • Liberation Teaching: Supports and empowers all children, especially those marginalized, fostering an inclusive learning environment.

    • Passive Restraint: Technique to safeguard children in crisis, emphasizing non-violent intervention strategies.

    • Professional Teacher: An educator responsive to children's needs and classroom dynamics, avoiding rigid routines.

    • Self-Fulfilling Prophecy: Phenomenon where individuals internalize labels, increasing behaviors that others expect.

    • Stigma: Socially constructed negative identities that isolate individuals based on culture, behavior, or physical traits.

    • Unconditional Positive Regard: Unwavering acceptance of children as they develop, despite behavioral mistakes.

    • With-it-ness: Quality of an effective teacher being acutely aware of classroom dynamics and student behaviors.

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