Dewey Decimal Classification Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What can be inferred from the provided content?

The content is written in a different language.

The content is a series of random characters. (correct)

The content is a mathematical equation.

The content is about a specific topic.

What is the main theme of the provided content?

Scientific research

Historical events

Literary analysis

None of the above (correct)

What is the purpose of the provided content?

To entertain

To confuse (correct)

To convey information

To demonstrate a concept

What can be said about the structure of the provided content?

It is lacking in structure Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the provided content?

It is concise Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the nephrons in maintaining fluid balance?

Regulating selective reabsorption and secretion of water, electrolytes, and other substances Signup and view all the answers

What is anuria?

A 24-hour urine output of less than 100 mL Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the micturition reflex?

When the bladder contains about 200 ml of urine Signup and view all the answers

What is hematuria?

Blood in the urine Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of diuretics?

To prevent reabsorption of water and certain electrolytes to increase urine output Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inflammation of the urinary bladder?

Cystitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) used to estimate?

How much blood passes through the glomeruli each minute Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the obstruction of urine flow due to prostatic hypertrophy or tumor?

Post-renal condition Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate weight of a kidney in a male?

125-170 grams Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nephrons in the kidneys?

To filter blood plasma, separate wastes, and return useful materials to the blood Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the cardiac output passes through the kidneys every minute?

21% of the cardiac output Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the kidneys in regulating blood volume?

To regulate blood volume and osmolarity by controlling the amount of fluids in the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the balance of ions such as sodium and potassium in the body?

Electrolyte balance Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the kidneys in regulating pH balance?

To retain or excrete H+ or HCO3- Signup and view all the answers

How many nephrons are present in each kidney?

1 million nephrons Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the waste products of metabolism, such as urea, creatinine, and uric acid?

Nitrogenous wastes Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Physiology of Urinary Elimination

Urinary elimination depends on the effective functioning of the upper urinary tract (kidneys and ureters) and the lower urinary tract (urinary bladder, urethra, and pelvic floor)

Kidneys

Paired kidneys are situated on either side of the spinal column, behind the peritoneal cavity
The right kidney is slightly lower than the left due to the position of the liver
Each kidney is about 11 cm (4.3 in) in length and weighs 125-170 g in males and 115-155 g in females
Each kidney has 1 million nephrons, the functional units of the kidney

Nephron

Nephron consists of glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal tubule, and collecting tubule
Functions of the nephron:
- Filter blood plasma, separate wastes, return useful materials to the blood, and eliminate the wastes
- Regulate blood volume and osmolarity
- Regulate acid-base balance of the body fluids
- Produce hormones such as renin, erythropoietin, and Calcitriol
- Regulate electrolytes, especially Na+ and K+
- Control blood pressure and ECF volume
- Maintain pH balance by retaining or excreting H+ or HCO3-
- Excrete nitrogenous wastes and other waste toxins

Urinary Bladder

Muscular bag that stores urine temporarily
Contraction of the bladder and relaxation of the internal urethral sphincter allow for urination
Micturition reflex: when the bladder contains about 200 ml of urine, stretch receptors send impulses to the spinal cord, stimulating contraction of the bladder and relaxation of the internal urethral sphincter

Urinary Tract Terms

Anuria: 24-hour urine output is less than 100 mL
Cystitis: inflammation of the urinary bladder
Diuresis: increased or excessive production of urine
Dysuria: painful or difficult urination
Enuresis: involuntary urination, especially by children at night
Frequency: voiding more than 8 times during waking hours and/or at decreased intervals
Glycosuria: presence of sugar in the urine
Hematuria: blood in urine

Factors Influencing Urination

Medications:
- Diuretics prevent reabsorption of water and certain electrolytes to increase urine output
- Urinary retention caused by antihistamines, antihypertensives, and beta blockers
- Change color of urine, such as Pyridium turning urine to an orange or red color
Post-Renal Conditions:
- Obstruction due to calculi, blood clots, tumors, or stricture
- Prostatic hypertrophy or tumor
- Neurogenic bladder
- Pelvic floor disorders

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Description

Test your knowledge of the Dewey Decimal Classification system, a method of organizing books and other materials in libraries. Learn how to categorize books and resources with this quiz.