Developmental Stages in Adolescence

• Mariano Marcos State University, College of Teacher Education.
• MMSU was founded in 1978.
• The College of Teacher Education is a Center of Excellence in Teacher Education.
• The College has an OS STARS Rating System of 3 stars and is ISO 9001 certified by SOCOTEC.
• "Panalangin" or Prayer

3 Golden Rules

• Listen actively
• Take down notes
• Participate in discussions

Review Questions Regarding Holistic Development

• Identifying the aspects of it.
• Importance of developing a whole person.

See The Difference

• An open ended challenge to identify the differences in the various slides from the video

Question

• An open ended question prompting the students to analyse the videos and draw their own conclusions

Developmental Stages in Middle and Late Adolescence

• Module 3 is prepared by Ferdinand M. Marcos, Student-Teacher Intern in Values Education.

Learning Objectives

• Differentiate various developmental tasks according to the stages of adolescence.
• Tasks are (cognitive).
• Reflect on personal development in comparison with peers, and recognize areas for growth.
• Growth is (affective)
• Create a list of actionable steps to become responsible adolescents prepared for adult life.
• Adult life is (psychomotor).

Human Development

• Human development focuses on growth and changes across the lifespan.
• Physical, cognitive, social, intellectual, perceptual, personality, and emotional growth are all part of it.

Stages of Human Development

• Pre-natal period (conception to birth)
• Infancy (birth to 2 years old)
• Early childhood (2 to 6 years old)
• Late childhood (6 to 12 years old)
• Adolescence (puberty, 13 to 18 years old)
• Early adulthood (18 to 40 years old)
• Middle adulthood (40 to 60 years old)
• Old age (60-death)

Prenatal Stage

• In this stage, the main focus is on three phases: Germinal, Embryonic, and Fetal.
• These phases address the development of sperm cells in men and egg cells in women.
• This is when a woman gets pregnant.

Prenatal Period: Three Phases

• Germinal Stage is weeks 1-2: Fertilization happens, the zygote implants in the uterine wall, and the foundation for the placenta and umbilical cord is laid.
• Embryonic Stage is weeks 3-8: Rapid cell division and differentiation occur, forming major organs, and giving the embryo a human shape.
• Fetal Stage is Weeks 9-40: The fetus grows, organs mature, and the body prepares for birth.

Infancy

• Infancy is the period from birth to 2 years old.
• Characterized by rapid physical, cognitive, and social development.
• Babies learn to coordinate movements.
• Babies develop language skills.
• Babies form strong attachments to their caregivers.
• This is a period of growth, laying the foundation for future development.

Early Childhood

• Early Childhood is the span of 2 to 6 years old.
• The time is crucial for brain development.
• It lays the foundation for future learning and social-emotional well-being.
• Children acquire language rapidly.
• Develop self-control.
• Children learn to interact with others.
• Positive and stimulating experiences are vital for healthy development.

Late Childhood

• Late Childhood is the span of 6 to 12 years old.
• Sees significant cognitive and social development.
• Children master academic skills.
• They navigate complex social situations.
• Physical growth continues.
• Children become more independent and self-reliant.

Middle Adolescence

• Middle Adolescence is the span of 15 to 17 years old.
• Identity exploration is a strong focus on figuring out who they are and what they believe in.
• Identity exploration involves trying out different roles, interests, and relationships.
• Peer relationships become extremely important.
• Peer groups influence behavior, values, and social identity.
• Physical changes include puberty mostly complete and adjusting to adult bodies.
• People develop a sense of physical identity.
• Cognitive development: Abstract thinking skills improve.
• Cognitive Development allows teens to consider hypothetical situations.
• Allows the ability to explore different perspectives.
• Engagement in complex problem-solving.

Late Adolescence

• Late Adolescence is the span of 18 to 25 years old.

• Increased Independence: Greater autonomy and responsibility.

• Young adults making more decisions about their lives, like education, careers, and relationships.

• Focus on Future: More serious consideration of long-term goals, career paths, and personal relationships.

• Emotional Maturity occurs.

• The development of more self-awareness, emotional regulation, and empathy.

• Stronger Sense of Identity is common.

• A more solidified sense of self and their place in the world is based on past experiences and choices.

• Break Time is allotted for 20 minutes.

• Third Quarter: The Challenges of Middle and Late Adolescence- Module 3 Prepared by Ferdinand M. Marcos Student-Teacher Intern Values Education

Learning Objectives in this Module

• Analyze the impact of various societal pressures and expectations on adolescent identity formation.
• These tasks are for (cognitive) development.
• Demonstrate effective communication techniques for expressing personal needs and boundaries to significant others.
• These tasks are for (psychomotor) development
• Develop and utilize positive self-affirmations to build self-esteem and resilience in the face of adolescent challenges.
• These tasks are for (affective) development.

Question

• How can you balance the expectations of significant people in your life and your aspirations?
• "Successful people are always looking for opportunities to help others; while unsuccessful people are always asking questions, 'what is it for me?'" - Brian Tracy
• In middle adolescence, be aware of expectations from peers, teachers, and parents.
• Young people, as well as significant others around them, have to deal with the period of development called adolescence.
• Gongala (2017) theorized, This period of adolescence defines an "age of change".

Three Stages of Adolescence:

• Early Adolescence- (12- 14 years old)
• Middle Adolescence- (15-17 years old)
• Late Adolescence- (18- 20 years old)
• Wayne State University Physician group reports 15 common challenges that both Early and Middle stages of Adolescence face.

15 Common Challenges of Adolescence

• Attitude and Behavior are the actions or reactions of an object or organism, attitude predicts behavior.
• Attitudes can directly or indirectly influence behavior.
• The goal is making one likely to act in ways aligned with their beliefs.
• In Sexual Relationships open communication and mutual respect are fundamental for healthy sexual relationships.
• Consent is essential and must be enthusiastic and freely given at all times.
• Academic Concern: Procrastination hinders academic success, necessitating proactive time management and support seeking.
• Seeking help demonstrates strength and improves academic outcomes.
• Group Belongingness provides a sense of purpose, identity, and social support, fostering well-being.
• Actively seek out groups that align with your interests and values to cultivate a sense of belonging.
• Health and Nutrition stems from a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains for optimal health.
• Hydration is crucial for bodily functions; aim for at least 8 glasses of water per day.
• Developing/ Regaining Self-Esteem: Challenge negative self-talk and replace it with positive affirmations to boost self-esteem.
• Prioritize self-care activities, such as exercise, relaxation, and spending time with loved ones, to nourish your well-being.
• Roles necessitate Adolescents to navigate shifting roles, balancing growing independence with family expectations, that often lead to conflict.
• Experimentation with different roles helps adolescents explore their identities.
• Material Poverty: Limited resources create significant challenges, impacting access to education and opportunities.
• Despite hardships, many demonstrate resilience and resourcefulness.
• Parents Working Abroad often causes Emotional distance and lack of parental support that can lead to insecurity and loneliness.
• Increased responsibilities at home can be both empowering and overwhelming.
• Career Choice: Exploring career options is crucial, but pressure from various sources can cause anxiety.
• Access to information and guidance is essential for informed decisions.
• Values & Beliefs: Adolescents question existing values, forming their own moral compass.
• Peer influence and media significantly shape their developing beliefs.
• Depression, is common, and is linked to stress, social pressures, and hormonal changes.
• Seeking professional help is crucial for effective treatment and recovery.
• Self-Identity requires that Adolescents grapple with self-discovery and identity formation, and that it be a period of intense exploration.
• Social comparison often leads to feelings of inadequacy or insecurity.
• Defining Responsibilities: A gradual transition to increased responsibilities is crucial for success.
• Clear communication of expectations and support are essential for adolescents to manage their commitments.
• Time Management is effective but often challenging, requiring skill development.
• Prioritization and organization techniques are essential for reducing stress and improving productivity.
• "The happy man is the one who has a healthy body, a wealthy soul and a well-educated nature." – Thales
• "There is nothing permanent except change." - Heraclitus

Activity

• Requires listing 3 qualities, 3 loved ones, dreams/ goals, career aspirations

Instructions for Mini Skit

• The theme is "Challenges of Adolescence".
• Each class will be divided into 5 groups with 6 members each.
• Each group will: Randomly pick a challenge from the bowl and draw a number to determine the order of performance.
• After receiving their assigned challenge, groups will have 5 minutes to collaborate and plan their skit.
• Each group will present their skit within 2–3 minutes.
• Be creative, stay on theme, and ensure all members participate!

Assignment

• Create a simple action plan outlining the steps you'll take to achieve one or two SMART goals.
• Break down large goals into smaller tasks and considering potential obstacles.
• Support systems are included within a 1 whole sheet of paper.