19 Questions
During which period of human development do organs grow and mature?
Fetal period
When does the embryonic period of development end?
At 8 weeks
What is the critical time frame for the occurrence of malformations during human development?
First trimester
When does implantation typically occur after fertilization?
6-7 days after fertilization
Which of the following is NOT a classification of birth defects?
Dysplasia
During which time period is the embryo most susceptible to teratogens?
First trimester
What is the difference between malformation, disruption, deformation, and dysplasia?
Malformation refers to abnormal tissue development, disruption refers to the breakdown of normal tissue, deformation refers to abnormal shaping or positioning of a body part, and dysplasia refers to abnormal cell growth.
Which of the following terms is used to describe a morphological defect resulting from extrinsic causes such as drugs, chemicals, or viruses?
Disruption
Which of the following statements is true about malformations and defects?
All malformations are defects, but not all defects are malformations.
What is the term used to describe an abnormal form, shape, or position resulting from mechanical forces?
Deformation
Which of the following is a pattern of defects derived from a disturbance of a single developmental field?
Polytopic field defect
During which time frame is the embryo most susceptible to teratogens?
Weeks 3-8
Which of the following is NOT a germ layer in the mammalian embryo?
Extraembryonic
What is the purpose of the figures in the textbook?
To guide studying the relationships between events during development
Which time period is characterized by the specification of groups of cells into tissues?
Weeks 3-8
Which one of these is NOT a classification of developmental disturbances resulting in birth defects?
Hypoplasia or hyperplasia
What is the term used to describe a pattern of defects derived from a single structural defect or mechanical factor?
Sequence
Which birth defect is characterized by an abnormally small jaw causing the infant's tongue to fall toward the back of the mouth, blocking the airway?
Pierre-Robin Sequence
What is the term used to describe a nonrandom occurrence in two or more individuals of multiple anomalies not known to be a polytopic field defect, sequence, or syndrome?
Association
Quiz: Test Your Knowledge on Developmental Relationships
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