Developmental Psychology Test 1 Flashcards

The scientific study of age-related changes in behavior, thinking, emotion, and personality.

Normative age-related influences are universal for a specific age range (e.g., puberty). Normative history-graded influences are common to a particular generation (e.g., baby boomers experiencing the association of JFK). Nonnormative life events are specific to an individual (e.g., death of a parent for a young child).

1. Biological processes (maturation/genetics), 2. Cognitive processes (learning), 3. Socioemotional processes (changes in relationships, emotions, etc.).

<p>Nine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Biological age, 2. Psychological age, 3. Social age.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>John Locke; 'blank slate'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Nature-nurture issue, 2. Stability and change issue, 3. Continuity-discontinuity issue.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A hypothesis is an educated guess about how an organism will react under specific circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Sensorimotor stage, 2. Preoperational stage, 3. Concrete operational stage, 4. Formal operational stage.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consequences that occur because of behavioral responses made.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Animals, including humans, have innate predispositions that influence behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Development is guided by the impact of environments; introduced by Urie Bronfenbrenner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Naturalistic observation is the study of behavior in a natural setting; a case study is a research approach focusing on a single subject or a few subjects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To scientifically confirm or disconfirm a psychologist's hypothesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An independent variable is the treatment or condition varied; a dependent variable is the behavior being measured.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are anything that might impact data collection, contaminating the data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An experimental group receives the treatment; a control group is treated the same but does not receive the treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The belief that development occurs throughout life and is influenced by multiple factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Normative age-graded influences, 2. Normative history-graded influences, 3. Nonnormative or highly individualized life events.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Influences that are similar for individuals in a particular age group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Influences common to people of a particular generation due to historical circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unusual occurrences that have a major impact on an individual's life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Variation among animals of the same species, 2. Genetic inheritance of variation, 3. Excess individuals born in each generation.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evolutionary psychology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adaptation to environments, reproduction, and 'survival of the fittest'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gametes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitosis is the division of normal body cells; meiosis forms gametes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genotype is the genetic blueprint; phenotype is the observable characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A dominant gene's trait appears even when paired with a different gene; a recessive gene's trait appears only when paired with another recessive gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trisomy 21.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Klinefelter syndrome, 2. Fragile X syndrome, 3. Turner syndrome.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>The germinal period, 2. The embryonic period, 3. The fetal period.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>(Conception - 2 weeks), 2. (2 weeks - 2nd month), 3. (2 months - birth).</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Ultra Sonography, 2. Chorionic Villus Sampling, 3. Amniocentesis; Ultra Sonography is the most common.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An agent (virus, drugs, etc.) that can cause a birth defect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases the level of CO2 in the mother's blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rubella.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Low birth weight, 2. Preterm birth, 3. Small for date.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infants weigh less than 90% of all babies of the same gestational period.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cephalocaudal pattern is a head-to-toe developmental pattern; proximodistal pattern refers to a center-to-periphery pattern.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crawling or walking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Manipulating objects with fingers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cerebral cortex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Frontal lobe - controls thinking, personality, memories, and emotion. 2. Occipital lobe - vision. 3. Temporal lobe - hearing. 4. Parietal lobe - sensory information (touch, taste).</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dendrites, cell body (soma), axon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Soma.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of dendrites becoming more branch-like during childhood and adolescence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myelin surrounding the neuron's axon develops over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each hemisphere of the brain has its own functions and processes information uniquely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fibers that connect the two sides of the brain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the limbic system of the brain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary structure involved in emotion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Paradoxical sleep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Evolutionary theory, 2. Cellular clock theory, 3. Free-radical theory, 4. Mitochondrial theory, 5. Hormonal stress theory.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>What matters is your genetic makeup.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The body's cells reach a point where they no longer divide, causing wear and tear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased production of unstable oxygen molecules (free radicals) as age-related deterioration occurs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria decay over time, impacting energy supply for cellular functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>We age because our endocrine system becomes less efficient at providing hormones.</p> Signup and view all the answers