Questions and Answers
What is the basic strength developed during the stage of Basic Trust vs Basic Mistrust?
Which stage involves the conflict of Industry vs Inferiority?
At what age range does the stage of Intimacy vs Isolation occur?
What is the primary conflict faced during Adolescence?
Signup and view all the answers
Which basic strength is associated with the stage of Generativity vs Stagnation?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary focus of developmental psychology?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the process of cephalocaudal direction refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
Which term describes the influence of inherited traits on an individual's development?
Signup and view all the answers
At what stage does organogenesis occur during prenatal development?
Signup and view all the answers
What is defined as the process where a sperm fertilizes an egg?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a postnatal factor affecting development?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the term 'proximodistal direction' mean in the context of human development?
Signup and view all the answers
How long does the germinal period last after conception?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of the ectoderm in the embryonic period?
Signup and view all the answers
Which layer of the embryo is responsible for developing the kidneys?
Signup and view all the answers
During what period does the fetus gain weight and develop recognizable features?
Signup and view all the answers
What does Erikson's epigenetic principle suggest?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a syntonic element in Erikson's stages of development?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the focus of psychosocial development?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a key feature of Erikson's theory?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main function of the placenta?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Developmental Psychology Overview
- Developmental psychology examines human behavior changes from birth to death, emphasizing the gradual nature of human development.
- Key processes include physical maturation and the influence of genetic and environmental factors on growth.
Growth and Development Patterns
- Cephalocaudal Direction: Development progresses from the head down to the legs; improvement occurs first in head structures.
- Proximodistal Direction: Development moves from the center of the body outward toward the extremities.
Influences on Development
- Genetic Factors: Genetic and inherited traits significantly shape individual development, health, and behavior.
- Prenatal Factors: Conditions affecting a developing fetus, such as maternal health and nutrition, which impact growth before birth.
- Postnatal Factors: Influences after birth, including childhood environment and social interactions, contribute to overall well-being.
Prenatal Development Stages
- Germinal Period: Occurs in the first two weeks post-conception, involving rapid cell division and blastocyst formation.
-
Embryonic Period: Lasting from weeks two to eight, involves organ formation and differentiation, known as organogenesis.
- Ectoderm: Develops skin and nervous system.
- Mesoderm: Forms muscles, bones, and organs.
- Endoderm: Creates the linings of digestive and respiratory systems.
- Fetal Period: From two to seven months after conception, includes significant growth and maturation of organs and recognizable features.
Notable Figures
- Helen Keller: An author and advocate for individuals with disabilities who overcame her limitations through education.
- Erik Erikson: Psychoanalyst who developed the theory of psychosocial development consisting of eight stages.
Psychosocial Development
- A process involving emotional and social growth through various life stages with key conflicts shaping development.
- Epigenetic Principle: Development results from the interplay of genetic factors and environmental influences, with each stage building on the previous one.
Stages of Psychosocial Development
- Each stage is associated with a basic strength and a critical conflict:
- Infancy (0-1 years): Basic Trust vs. Basic Mistrust → Hope
- Early Childhood (2-3 years): Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt → Will
- Preschool Age (3-6 years): Initiative vs. Guilt → Purpose
- School Age: Industry vs. Inferiority → Competence
- Adolescence (13-18 years): Identity vs. Role Confusion → Fidelity
- Early Adulthood (19-30 years): Intimacy vs. Isolation → Love
- Adulthood (31-60 years): Generativity vs. Stagnation → Care
- Old Age (61+ years): Integrity vs. Despair → Wisdom
Conflict Elements
- Syntonic Element: Positive aspects aiding growth and conflict resolution.
- Dystonic Element: Negative aspects that create challenges and hinder development.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz covers key concepts in Developmental Psychology, focusing on the changes in human behavior from early life to death. It explores various aspects of human development, including physical growth and maturation processes. Test your knowledge on the gradual changes humans undergo throughout their lives.
