Developmental Disabilities and Stroke Symptom Management Quiz

Which type of stroke is characterized by arteries being narrowed or blocked?

Progressive stroke
Acute stroke
Transient Ischemic Attack
Hemorrhagic stroke (correct)

What is the abbreviation for Ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement?

SPVS
VPS (correct)
SPVC
VPCO

What is the main consequence of decreased blood flow to the brain?

Worsening of the patient's condition (correct)
Improved circulatory functions
Increased memory capacity
Reduction in body temperature

What is the definition of a Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)?

A ministroke with symptoms lasting over 24 hours (B) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of strokes are categorized as ischemic strokes?

85% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common name for a stroke that is still evolving with the patient's condition worsening?

Progressive stroke (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial event in the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis?

Abnormal clone of T-cells enter the brain through BBB (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of B-cells in Multiple Sclerosis pathogenesis?

Produce autoantibodies targeting myelin sheath (B) Signup and view all the answers

What cellular mediators are secreted by the abnormal clone of T-cells in MS?

Cytokines and cellular mediators (D) Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is characterized by involuntary rapid eye movements in MS?

Nystagmus (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are responsible for improving re-myelination of the axon in MS?

T-regulator cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of long-term conditions in MS pathogenesis?

Failure of re-myelination (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of myelin in the nervous system?

To insulate and protect axons (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the destruction of myelin in Multiple Sclerosis?

Demyelination (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in bacterial meningitis?

Turbid with high protein levels (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of managing meningitis?

Reducing intracranial pressure (ICP) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the CSF in viral meningitis?

Clear with normal glucose levels (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of severe demyelination in Multiple Sclerosis?

Axonal damage (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common risk factor for stroke?

Having a family history of MI and Stroke (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the abnormal growth within the wall of an artery?

Fibromuscular dysplasia (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inflammation of the brain tissue?

Encephalitis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of meningitis?

Viral (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the weakening and bulging of an artery wall?

Aneursym (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inflammation of the protective membrane lining the brain and spinal cord?

Meningitis (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of multiple sclerosis related to the optic nerve?

Loss of vision (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible environmental factor contributing to the development of multiple sclerosis?

Infection with EBV (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a symptom of multiple sclerosis related to the autonomic nervous system?

Bladder and bowel symptoms (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a genetic factor that may contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis?

Mutation of T-cells receptor (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to a US cohort study, what is a possible correlation with the incidence of multiple sclerosis?

Residence in northern states (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible role of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis?

Playing a crucial role in immune function (D) Signup and view all the answers