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Questions and Answers
Who is recognized as the father of the co-operative movement?
Who is recognized as the father of the co-operative movement?
In what year was the first consumer co-operative store established in England?
In what year was the first consumer co-operative store established in England?
Which pair of individuals is known for founding co-operative credit societies in Germany?
Which pair of individuals is known for founding co-operative credit societies in Germany?
What was a primary goal of the consumer co-operative movement in England?
What was a primary goal of the consumer co-operative movement in England?
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What significant legal change occurred in Germany in 1879 regarding co-operative societies?
What significant legal change occurred in Germany in 1879 regarding co-operative societies?
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Which movement began as a response to the problems of drought and poverty in Germany during the 19th century?
Which movement began as a response to the problems of drought and poverty in Germany during the 19th century?
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What notable publication did Schulze release in 1856?
What notable publication did Schulze release in 1856?
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What capital figure did the 28 weavers start with in the first consumer co-operative store in England?
What capital figure did the 28 weavers start with in the first consumer co-operative store in England?
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At what age did the individual in the content enter the military?
At what age did the individual in the content enter the military?
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Which of the following was established first in the development of co-operative banking in Germany?
Which of the following was established first in the development of co-operative banking in Germany?
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What percentage of Denmark's exports comes from agricultural products?
What percentage of Denmark's exports comes from agricultural products?
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What is a key requirement for members of a dairy co-operative society in Denmark?
What is a key requirement for members of a dairy co-operative society in Denmark?
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Which country’s co-operative movement primarily focuses on dairy production due to competition from the United States?
Which country’s co-operative movement primarily focuses on dairy production due to competition from the United States?
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What type of societies do milk producers establish at the local level in Denmark?
What type of societies do milk producers establish at the local level in Denmark?
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What was the economic condition of farmers in Denmark that led to the development of cooperatives?
What was the economic condition of farmers in Denmark that led to the development of cooperatives?
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How are profits distributed among members of a dairy co-operative in Denmark?
How are profits distributed among members of a dairy co-operative in Denmark?
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What is a defining characteristic of co-operative farming in Israel?
What is a defining characteristic of co-operative farming in Israel?
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Which of the following statements about Kibbutzim is true?
Which of the following statements about Kibbutzim is true?
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How are Moshavim different from Kibbutzim?
How are Moshavim different from Kibbutzim?
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What is the primary function of regional organizations in Israel?
What is the primary function of regional organizations in Israel?
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Which of the following best describes a Communal Moshav?
Which of the following best describes a Communal Moshav?
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What was the first moshav established in Palestine?
What was the first moshav established in Palestine?
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What is a feature of the annual income distribution in agricultural co-operatives in Israel?
What is a feature of the annual income distribution in agricultural co-operatives in Israel?
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Which organization established in 1926 operates as a manufacturing marketing society?
Which organization established in 1926 operates as a manufacturing marketing society?
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Study Notes
Development of World Co-operative Movement
- The co-operative movement originated in England with Robert Owen being recognized as the "Father of the Co-operative movement".
- The first consumer co-operative store in England was established in 1844 by 28 weavers with a starting capital of 28 pounds.
- The consumer co-operative movement in England included efforts to provide alternatives to capitalism, with Rochdale stores being a primary example.
- Schulze and Raiffeisen established credit co-operative societies in Germany in the 19th century to assist farmers struggling with poverty and drought caused by moneylenders.
- Schulze, a German politician and economist, founded the world’s first credit union in Germany.
- Raiffeisen, a German mayor and co-operative pioneer, founded the first co-operative lending bank in Germany.
- The dairy co-operative movement in Denmark was encouraged by the country's agricultural focus and need to compete with American agricultural products.
- Danish dairy co-operatives established primary milk producers' societies at a local level, which collected and processed milk, while encouraging education and training for members.
- The agricultural co-operative movement in Israel developed after the country's independence in 1948.
- Israeli farmers were encouraged to pursue co-operative farming due to the government’s ownership of land and limited resources.
- Three primary types of agricultural co-operatives emerged in Israel:
- Kibbutzim: Villages with a population of 200 to 2000 members, who work together on co-operative farming and share resources.
- Moshavim: Communal villages where individuals farm privately, but market and buy products collectively.
- Communal Moshav: Societies that offer both agricultural and non-agricultural employment opportunities.
Consumer Co-operative Movement in England
- The Rochdale Principles provided a framework for consumer co-operatives, including open membership, democratic control, and the distribution of profits to members.
- Co-operative Wholesale Societies (CWS) were formed to provide wholesale services to retail co-operatives, increasing their bargaining power.
- Agricultural co-operation also emerged in England as farmers formed societies to collectively purchase supplies, market their products, and improve productivity.
Credit Co-operative Movement in Germany
- The credit co-operative movement in Germany addressed the need for affordable credit for farmers and other rural communities.
- Schulze-Delitzsch banks were founded to provide loans and financial services to members, while Raiffeisen societies emphasized serving primarily rural communities.
- Germany’s credit co-operative movement faced challenges during World War I, but continued to develop and expand after the war.
Dairy Co-operative Movement in Denmark
- Dairy co-operatives in Denmark provided economic security for farmers by improving milk production and marketing, helping to establish a strong dairy industry.
- Members of Danish dairy co-operatives were required to enter into contracts with the societies for a period of 15 to 20 years and sell milk solely to the co-operative.
Agricultural Co-operative Movement in Israel
- The Kibbutzim focused on communal living and equal distribution of resources, while Moshavim allowed for more individual farming practices.
- Israeli agricultural co-operatives were successful in adopting new technologies and promoting agricultural innovation.
- Regional organizations emerged to provide services for agricultural co-operatives, including procurement, processing, and marketing.
- "Tunwa", formed in 1926, is a prominent example of a regional organization supporting agricultural co-operatives in Israel.
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Description
Explore the origins and evolution of the co-operative movement, starting with Robert Owen in England. Learn how consumers and farmers banded together to create co-operative societies in response to economic challenges in the 19th century. This quiz details the significance of early co-operatives in England, Germany, and Denmark.
