Questions and Answers
What was the role of Amir Khusrau in the development of Urdu?
Which dialect is an early form of Modern Standard Urdu developed by Amir Khusrau?
How did Muslim rulers impact the vocabulary of the Urdu language?
What term refers to the Persianized combination of Hindavi that Amir Khusrau developed?
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Who were the key players in introducing an early form of Urdu in the Deccan during the 14th century?
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What was the primary focus of literary composition in Urdu during the Deccan period in the 14th century?
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Who is recognized as an important writer during the Deccan period of Urdu literature?
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What is the significance of Islam in the development of Urdu language?
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What does the term 'Dakhini' refer to in relation to Urdu literature?
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What was a major influence on the development of the Dakhini dialect?
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Which poet significantly contributed to Urdu literature during the Mughal Rule in the Deccan between 1687-1730?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the three most important forms of Urdu poetry in the 18th century?
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What contribution did Ghulam Hamdani Mas'hafi make to the Urdu language?
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Who among the following was known for the works Diwan and Diwanzada during the 18th century in Delhi?
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Which group was referred to as 'the Four Pillars of Urdu Poetry'?
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What is Mir Hasan known for in Urdu poetry?
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Which term best describes the transition in the center of Urdu literature during the 19th century?
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Which of the following poets is considered a prolific writer in Persian and Dakhini during the period of 1590-1687?
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Study Notes
Development of Urdu in the 13th Century
- Urdu emerged in the 13th century, influenced significantly by Amir Khusrau.
- Amir Khusrau shaped the Rekhta dialect, an early form of Modern Standard Urdu.
Rekhta Dialect
- Rekhta is a Persianized version of Hindavi, created by Amir Khusrau.
- It represents a foundational stage in the development of Modern Standard Urdu.
Contribution of Amir Khusrau
- Known as the 'father of Urdu literature.'
- Wrote extensively in the Rekhta dialect, promoting its use in literature and poetry.
Influence of Muslim Rulers
- Turkic and Afghan Muslim rulers patronized foreign cultures, impacting Urdu's development.
- The vocabulary of Urdu became a blend of Sanskrit-derived Prakrit and Arabo-Persian elements.
Impact of Islam and Foreign Cultures
- The interaction between Islam and regional cultures shaped Urdu's structure.
- Continued Islamization led to a further linguistic evolution characterized by a divided vocabulary base.
Introduction of Urdu in the Deccan
- Soldiers of Alauddin Khalji were instrumental in introducing an early form of Urdu to the Deccan region in the 14th century.
Literary Composition in the Deccan
- The 14th century marked the beginning of Urdu literary composition in the Deccan.
- Early works predominantly featured Dakhini prose and poetry focused on religious themes.
Important Figures in Deccan Urdu Literature
- Bande Nawaz emerged as a significant writer during the Deccan period.
- Notable for his Sufi tract, Miraj ul Asiquin, contributing to the rich tapestry of Urdu literature.
Dakhini Dialect in Urdu
- Dakhini emerged as a dialect influenced by regional languages such as Gujarati and Marathi.
- Originated in the Deccan region, it served as a medium for Urdu literary works.
Qutub Shahi Poets (1590-1687)
- Included notable figures like Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah, who were royal and prolific poets.
- Contributed significantly to the development of Urdu literature, writing primarily in Persian and Dakhini.
Wali Mohammed Wali
- Recognized as the most important Urdu writer in the Deccan during Mughal Rule (1687-1730).
Forms of Urdu Poetry in the 18th Century
- Three predominant forms of Urdu poetry included ghazal, qasida, and masnavi.
Ghulam Hamdani Mas'hafi's Contributions
- Credited with coining the name 'Urdu' around 1780 AD, providing a unified identity for the language that had multiple names previously.
Shaikh Zahuruddin Hatim
- A prominent poet in 18th-century Delhi known for his notable works, including Diwan and Diwanzada.
Four Pillars of Urdu Poetry
- Mazhar, Sauda, Mir, and Dard collectively referred to as 'the Four Pillars of Urdu Poetry,' representing the pinnacle of Urdu poetic tradition.
Significance of Mir Hasan
- Renowned for his masnavis, particularly famous for Sihar-ul-Bayan, marking a significant contribution to Urdu poetry.
Shift in Urdu Literature in the 19th Century
- The text does not provide specific details on the shift in the center of Urdu literature during this era.
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Description
This quiz explores the evolution of the Urdu language during the 13th century, focusing on the contributions of Amir Khusrau. Learn about the significance of the Rekhta dialect and how it laid the foundation for Modern Standard Urdu. Additionally, discover Amir Khusrau's role as the father of Urdu literature.
