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Questions and Answers
What does BMI stand for?
What does BMI stand for?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the human development report's criteria?
Which of the following is NOT a part of the human development report's criteria?
Which state is mentioned to have low infant mortality and high literacy rates?
Which state is mentioned to have low infant mortality and high literacy rates?
What is measured using the formula $BMI = \frac{Weight \ in \ kg}{height \ in \ metres^2}$?
What is measured using the formula $BMI = \frac{Weight \ in \ kg}{height \ in \ metres^2}$?
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What is the term for reducing the use of natural resources for the future?
What is the term for reducing the use of natural resources for the future?
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Which of the following resources is considered non-renewable?
Which of the following resources is considered non-renewable?
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Which region in India is noted for overusing groundwater reserves?
Which region in India is noted for overusing groundwater reserves?
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What is a characteristic of an undernourished person?
What is a characteristic of an undernourished person?
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Which organization publishes the Human Development Report?
Which organization publishes the Human Development Report?
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What is a consequence of rapid development mentioned in the content?
What is a consequence of rapid development mentioned in the content?
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Study Notes
Development
- Development refers to the all-round improvement of a country, including freedom, participative involvement, economic equality, security, and a good standard of living.
- It involves people generating ideas to achieve their goals and improve their current situation.
Different People and Different Goals
- People have different goals, which can sometimes lead to conflicting and contrasting views on development.
- For example, industrialists may want big dams for electricity, but local communities may want small check dams or tanks to avoid displacement and environmental destruction.
Income and Other Goals
- Income is considered a key component of development, as it can provide material goods and services.
- However, people also seek non-material goods like equal treatment, freedom, security, and respect, which affect the quality of life.
- Material goods are items that can be purchased, sold, or traded.
National Development
- Individuals have different goals, and national development involves prioritizing goals that benefit a large number of people.
- Fair and just decision-making is required to choose goals that benefit the majority.
Comparison of Countries or States
- Countries are compared based on their national income, with higher-income countries considered more developed.
- However, this comparison is limited, as countries have different populations and per capita incomes.
Per Capita Income
- Per capita income (PCI) is a better measure of development, as it calculates the average income per person in a country.
- The World Bank classifies countries based on PCI, with high-income countries having a PCI of over $49,300 and low-income countries having a PCI of $2,500 or less.
Income and Other Criteria
- Development should be judged on multiple criteria, including income, infant mortality rate, literacy rate, and net attendance ratio.
- A comparison of Haryana, Kerala, and Bihar shows that high per capita income does not guarantee better healthcare or education facilities.
Public Facilities
- Public facilities, such as clean air, healthcare, and education, are essential for development.
- Governments provide these facilities for the collective benefit of the community.
- Kerala's good public facilities, such as healthcare and education, have led to its low infant mortality rate and high literacy rate.
Body Mass Index (BMI)
- BMI is an international standard to determine if an adult is undernourished or not.
- It is calculated by dividing weight in kg by height in meters squared.
- BMI is an important indicator of nutrition levels.
Human Development Report
- The Human Development Report, published by UNDP, measures development based on three criteria: living standard, health status, and educational levels.
Sustainability of Development
- Rapid development is depleting natural resources at an unsustainable rate, threatening future generations.
- Renewable resources, such as groundwater, are being overused, and non-renewable resources, such as crude oil, have a limited stock.
- Sustainable development aims to reduce the overuse of resources and promote environmental conservation.
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Description
This quiz explores the concept of development, its meaning, and how it relates to personal and national goals, including freedom, economic equality, and security.
