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Questions and Answers
Which of the following are major factors in design strategy? (Select all that apply)
What is reverse engineering?
Dismantling and inspecting a competitor’s product to discover product improvements.
The stages of the product/service life cycle include incubation, growth, maturity, saturation, and _____
decline
What does mass customization mean?
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Which of the following are benefits of modular design? (Select all that apply)
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Robust design means products can only function under a specific set of conditions.
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What is the purpose of Concurrent Engineering?
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Which of the following are reasons for recycling? (Select all that apply)
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Define redundancy in the context of reliability.
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If two events are independent, the probability of success is equal to the product of the probabilities of the _____
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What is the probability of success when two independent events have probabilities of 0.90 and 0.80?
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Calculate the probability of success if success is defined as at least one event occurring and probabilities are 0.90 and 0.80.
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Study Notes
Design Strategy
- Major factors in a business's design strategy includes: Cost, Quality, Time-to-Market, Customer Satisfaction, and Competitive Advantage
- Generating ideas for new or redesigned products and services can come from Internal and External sources.
- Internal sources include Research and Development (R&D), which are organized efforts to increase scientific knowledge or product innovation.
- External sources include customers, suppliers, and competitors.
- Reverse engineering offers a way to analyze competitors' products by dismantling and inspecting them to find places for product improvement.
Design Considerations
- The Product/Service Life Cycle consists of: Incubation, Growth, Maturity, Saturation, and Decline.
- Standardization is the extent to which there is an absence of variety in a product, service, or process.
- Standardized products are immediately available to customers.
- Mass customization is a strategy to produce standardized goods or services while incorporating some degree of customization.
- Tactics for mass customization include:
- Delayed differentiation, which is a postponement tactic that involves producing but not fully completing a product or service until customer preferences or specifications are known.
- Modular design is a form of standardization that involves dividing component parts into modules that can be easily replaced or interchanged. This allows for:
- Easier diagnosis and remedy of failures
- Easier repair and replacement
- Simplification of manufacturing and assembly
Reliability
- Reliability is the ability of a product, part, or system to perform its intended function under a prescribed set of conditions.
- Failure is a situation in which a product, part, or system does not perform as intended.
- Normal operating conditions are a set of conditions under which an item’s reliability is specified.
- Robust design is a concept for generating products or services that can function over a broad range of conditions.
Designing for Production
- Concurrent engineering is the process of bringing together engineering design and manufacturing personnel early in the design phase.
- Computer-Aided Design (CAD) allows for designing products using computer graphics, and it offers the following benefits:
- Increases productivity of designers by 3-10 times
- Creates a database for manufacturing information on product specifications
- Provides the possibility of engineering and cost analysis on proposed designs
- Recycling is the recovery of materials for future use. Reasons for recycling include:
- Cost savings
- Environmental concerns
- Environmental regulations
- Remanufacturing involves refurbishing used products by replacing worn-out or defective components.
Reliability
- Independent Events are events whose occurrence or nonoccurrence do not influence each other.
- Redundancy is the use of backup components to increase reliability.
Reliability Rule 1
- If two or more events are independent and success is defined as the probability that all these events occur, then the probability of success is equal to the product of the probabilities of the events.
Reliability Rule 2
- If two events are independent and success is defined as the probability that at least one of the events will occur, the probability of success is equal to the probability of either one plus 1.00 minus the probability multiplied by the other probability.
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Description
This quiz explores key factors in a business's design strategy, including cost, quality, and customer satisfaction. It also covers the stages of the Product/Service Life Cycle and concepts like standardization and mass customization. Test your understanding of essential design principles in today's competitive market.
