Descubrimentos de Robert Hooke e Seres Vivos
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Questions and Answers

Que instrumento construíu Robert Hooke para observar os seres vivos?

  • Lente de aumento
  • Microscopio óptico (correct)
  • Telescopio
  • Microscopio electrónico

    • Todos os seres vivos morren, sen excepción.

    True

    Que son as funcións vitais dos seres vivos?

    Son tres funcións que lles permiten vivir e adaptarse ao medio.

    Os seres vivos obteñen nutrientes e enerxía dos alimentos e da ______.

    <p>auga</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relaciona as funcións vitais cos seus descricións:

    <p>Nutrición = Tomar alimentos e substancias necesarias para mantérse vivo Relación = Reaccionar ante os cambios no medio Reproducción = Producir novos individuos iguais a eles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cal é a característica que non posúen os seres inertes?

    <p>Tener funcións vitais</p> Signup and view all the answers

    O microscopio óptico permite observar obxectos demasiado grandes para ver a simple vista.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Canto aumentos tiña o microscopio que construíu Hooke?

    <p>50 aumentos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cal é a función de relación en seres vivos?

    <p>A planta orienta as súas follas cara ao sol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Todos os seres vivos están formados por células.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Que son os virus en relación á vida?

    <p>Partículas que poden causar enfermidades e están no límite da vida.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A célula é a unidade __________ dos seres vivos.

    <p>anatómica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relaciona as partes da célula coas súas funcións:

    <p>Membrana plasmática = Envoltura que rodea a célula Citoplasma = Contén os orgánulos Orgánulos = Realizan funcións específicas Núcleo = Contén o material xenético</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cal das seguintes afirmacións sobre as células eucariotas é correcta?

    <p>Contan cun núcleo ben definido</p> Signup and view all the answers

    O ADN contén as instrucións para a división celular.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quen se encarga de controlar o funcionamento celular?

    <p>O núcleo.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Que tipo de células non teñen núcleo definido?

    <p>Células procariotas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Todas as células eucariotas posúen unha parede celular.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Que función realizan as células dos seres vivos unicelulares?

    <p>nutrición, relación e reprodución</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As células que realizan unha mesma función forman __________.

    <p>tecidos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relacione os tipos de células coas súas características:

    <p>Célula animal = Non ten parede celular Célula vexetal = Posúe cloroplastos Célula procariota = Sen núcleo definido Célula eucariota = Con núcleo definido</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cal é a principal diferenza entre seres vivos unicelulares e pluricelulares?

    <p>Os unicelulares están formados por unha soa célula, mentres que os pluricelulares están formados por moitas células</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Os órganos están formados por agrupacións de células que realizan funcións diferentes.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cales son os tres niveis de organización dos seres pluricelulares?

    <p>células, tecidos, órganos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Que grupo de seres vivos non pode fabricar o seu propio alimento?

    <p>Animais</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Os vertebrados son seres vivos que non teñen columna vertebral.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cales son os dous grandes grupos nos que se clasifican as plantas?

    <p>Plantas con flor e plantas sen flor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Os fungos están formados por moitas células que se agrupan en filamentos chamados ______.

    <p>hifas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relaciona os seguintes reinos cos seus exemplos:

    <p>Reino vexetal = Roseira Reino animal = Ras Reino dos fungos = Cogomelo Reino moneras = Bacterias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Que característica distingue aos invertebrados?

    <p>Non teñen columna vertebral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As plantas realizan a fotosíntese para producir alimento.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Que tipo de células forman os seres do reino moneras?

    <p>Células procariotas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Robert Hooke's Discoveries

    • Robert Hooke was a key figure in the advancement of science, making contributions in fields such as medicine, architecture, and physics.
    • He was known for building a microscope that magnified objects by 50 times.
    • Hooke's invention allowed scientists to see objects beyond the human eye’s ability.

    Defining Living Things

    • Humans, plants, and bacteria are examples of living organisms.
    • Characteristics of living organisms include birth, growth, reproduction, and death, known as the life cycle.

    Vital Functions of Living Things

    • Living organisms have three main functions:
      • Nutrition: The process of obtaining nutrients and energy needed for survival.
      • Relation: The ability to respond to environmental changes, such as plants reacting to light.
      • Reproduction: The process of creating offspring.

    The Special Case of Viruses

    • Viruses are microscopic particles that can cause diseases in animals, plants, or bacteria.
    • The classification of viruses as living organisms is debatable.

    The Cell: The Building Block of Life

    • The cell theory states that all living organisms are made up of cells.
    • The cell is the fundamental unit of life, responsible for performing all vital functions.
    • Cells reproduce by dividing into other cells, creating new life forms.

    Cell Components

    • The main components of a cell are:
      • Plasma membrane: Encloses the cell.
      • Cytoplasm: A gel-like substance containing organelles.
      • Organelles: Specialized structures that perform specific functions.
      • Genetic material (DNA): Contains instructions for cellular operations.

    Cell Types

    • Eukaryotic cells possess a well-defined nucleus containing the genetic material.
      • Animal cells: Contain a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, and a nucleus.
      • Plant cells: Have a cell wall surrounding the plasma membrane for protection and rigidity. They also contain chloroplasts that enable photosynthesis.
    • Prokaryotic cells lack a defined nucleus, with the genetic material dispersed within the cytoplasm.
      • Bacteria are examples of organisms with prokaryotic cells.

    Levels of Organization in Living Organisms

    • Unicellular organisms: Composed of a single cell that performs all vital functions.
    • Multicellular organisms: Made up of numerous cells organized into different levels of complexity.
      • Tissues: Groups of similar cells working together to perform a specific function.
      • Organs: Structures made up of different tissues that work together for a common purpose.
      • Organ systems: Groups of organs that cooperate to carry out more complex functions.
      • Organism: The complete living system composed of all cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.

    The Five Kingdoms of Life

    • Scientists classify living organisms into five kingdoms based on their characteristics.
      • Plant kingdom: Multicellular organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis.
      • Animal kingdom: Multicellular organisms that cannot produce their own food and rely on others for sustenance.
        • Vertebrates: Animals with a backbone.
        • Invertebrates: Animals without a backbone.
      • Fungus kingdom: Organisms that obtain food by absorbing nutrients from other living or dead organisms.
      • Monera kingdom: Unicellular organisms with prokaryotic cells.
      • Protist kingdom: Diverse group of mostly unicellular organisms.

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    Description

    Este cuestionario explora os descubrimentos de Robert Hooke, incluíndo a súa invención do microscopio e a súa influencia na ciencia. Tamén analiza as funcións vitais dos seres vivos, así como a clasificacion dos virus. Probarás os teus coñecementos sobre os organismos vivos e as súas características fundamentais.

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