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Que instrumento construíu Robert Hooke para observar os seres vivos?
Todos os seres vivos morren, sen excepción.
True
Que son as funcións vitais dos seres vivos?
Son tres funcións que lles permiten vivir e adaptarse ao medio.
Os seres vivos obteñen nutrientes e enerxía dos alimentos e da ______.
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Relaciona as funcións vitais cos seus descricións:
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Cal é a característica que non posúen os seres inertes?
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O microscopio óptico permite observar obxectos demasiado grandes para ver a simple vista.
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Canto aumentos tiña o microscopio que construíu Hooke?
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Cal é a función de relación en seres vivos?
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Todos os seres vivos están formados por células.
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Que son os virus en relación á vida?
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A célula é a unidade __________ dos seres vivos.
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Relaciona as partes da célula coas súas funcións:
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Cal das seguintes afirmacións sobre as células eucariotas é correcta?
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O ADN contén as instrucións para a división celular.
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Quen se encarga de controlar o funcionamento celular?
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Que tipo de células non teñen núcleo definido?
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Todas as células eucariotas posúen unha parede celular.
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Que función realizan as células dos seres vivos unicelulares?
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As células que realizan unha mesma función forman __________.
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Relacione os tipos de células coas súas características:
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Cal é a principal diferenza entre seres vivos unicelulares e pluricelulares?
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Os órganos están formados por agrupacións de células que realizan funcións diferentes.
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Cales son os tres niveis de organización dos seres pluricelulares?
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Que grupo de seres vivos non pode fabricar o seu propio alimento?
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Os vertebrados son seres vivos que non teñen columna vertebral.
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Cales son os dous grandes grupos nos que se clasifican as plantas?
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Os fungos están formados por moitas células que se agrupan en filamentos chamados ______.
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Relaciona os seguintes reinos cos seus exemplos:
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Que característica distingue aos invertebrados?
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As plantas realizan a fotosíntese para producir alimento.
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Que tipo de células forman os seres do reino moneras?
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Study Notes
Robert Hooke's Discoveries
- Robert Hooke was a key figure in the advancement of science, making contributions in fields such as medicine, architecture, and physics.
- He was known for building a microscope that magnified objects by 50 times.
- Hooke's invention allowed scientists to see objects beyond the human eye’s ability.
Defining Living Things
- Humans, plants, and bacteria are examples of living organisms.
- Characteristics of living organisms include birth, growth, reproduction, and death, known as the life cycle.
Vital Functions of Living Things
- Living organisms have three main functions:
- Nutrition: The process of obtaining nutrients and energy needed for survival.
- Relation: The ability to respond to environmental changes, such as plants reacting to light.
- Reproduction: The process of creating offspring.
The Special Case of Viruses
- Viruses are microscopic particles that can cause diseases in animals, plants, or bacteria.
- The classification of viruses as living organisms is debatable.
The Cell: The Building Block of Life
- The cell theory states that all living organisms are made up of cells.
- The cell is the fundamental unit of life, responsible for performing all vital functions.
- Cells reproduce by dividing into other cells, creating new life forms.
Cell Components
- The main components of a cell are:
- Plasma membrane: Encloses the cell.
- Cytoplasm: A gel-like substance containing organelles.
- Organelles: Specialized structures that perform specific functions.
- Genetic material (DNA): Contains instructions for cellular operations.
Cell Types
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Eukaryotic cells possess a well-defined nucleus containing the genetic material.
- Animal cells: Contain a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, organelles, and a nucleus.
- Plant cells: Have a cell wall surrounding the plasma membrane for protection and rigidity. They also contain chloroplasts that enable photosynthesis.
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Prokaryotic cells lack a defined nucleus, with the genetic material dispersed within the cytoplasm.
- Bacteria are examples of organisms with prokaryotic cells.
Levels of Organization in Living Organisms
- Unicellular organisms: Composed of a single cell that performs all vital functions.
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Multicellular organisms: Made up of numerous cells organized into different levels of complexity.
- Tissues: Groups of similar cells working together to perform a specific function.
- Organs: Structures made up of different tissues that work together for a common purpose.
- Organ systems: Groups of organs that cooperate to carry out more complex functions.
- Organism: The complete living system composed of all cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.
The Five Kingdoms of Life
- Scientists classify living organisms into five kingdoms based on their characteristics.
- Plant kingdom: Multicellular organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis.
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Animal kingdom: Multicellular organisms that cannot produce their own food and rely on others for sustenance.
- Vertebrates: Animals with a backbone.
- Invertebrates: Animals without a backbone.
- Fungus kingdom: Organisms that obtain food by absorbing nutrients from other living or dead organisms.
- Monera kingdom: Unicellular organisms with prokaryotic cells.
- Protist kingdom: Diverse group of mostly unicellular organisms.
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Description
Este cuestionario explora os descubrimentos de Robert Hooke, incluíndo a súa invención do microscopio e a súa influencia na ciencia. Tamén analiza as funcións vitais dos seres vivos, así como a clasificacion dos virus. Probarás os teus coñecementos sobre os organismos vivos e as súas características fundamentais.
