Descriptive Studies and Case Reports Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a limitation of a prevalence study?

  • Ability to test hypotheses is not limited
  • Temporal relationship may not be clear (correct)
  • Relatively simple to complete
  • Designed to assess causation

In a correlational study, what type of data is used?

  • Individual-level data
  • Both individual and population-level data
  • Data from different regions
  • Population-level data (correct)

What is the ecologic fallacy associated with?

  • Data from different time periods
  • Evaluating actual levels but exploring average exposure data
  • Unmeasured variables in individual-level data
  • Assuming association on a population level reflects association at an individual level (correct)

What does a correlational study primarily explore?

<p>Average exposure data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor limits the ability to test hypotheses in correlational studies?

<p>Association not always representing causation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a prevalence study, what is not a problem if the exposure does not change over time?

<p>Temporal relationship clarity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is limited in correlational studies due to the focus on population-level data?

<p>Ability to test causation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of observational study uses data from entire populations?

<p>Prevalence study (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a correlational study demonstrate about population behaviors?

<p>Association of behaviors with disease frequencies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of study provides information on exposure, behaviour, characteristics, and outcome of individuals assessed at the same point in time?

<p>Cross-sectional Studies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Descriptive Studies?

<p>To identify possible associations for future study (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most basic descriptive study of individuals?

<p>Case Reports (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of Case Reports or Case Series?

<p>No comparison group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic does Cross-sectional Studies share with Descriptive Studies?

<p>Observing for possible associations at the individual level (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main strength of Case Reports or Case Series?

<p>Being the first alert by an observant health care provider about something concerning or that warrants further investigation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of study is often the first alert by an observant health care provider about something concerning or that warrants further investigation?

<p>Case Reports (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major limitation of Cross-sectional Studies?

<p>May not represent a significant trend or association (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinguishing feature of Descriptive Studies?

<p>Observing for possible associations at the individual level, the population level, or at the group level. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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