Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the skin in terms of thermoregulation?
What is the primary function of the skin in terms of thermoregulation?
A patient presents with a round-to-oval crusted or scaly erythematous plaque on their arm. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A patient presents with a round-to-oval crusted or scaly erythematous plaque on their arm. What is the most likely diagnosis?
What is the primary mode of transmission of MRSA?
What is the primary mode of transmission of MRSA?
A patient is diagnosed with folliculitis and is prescribed antibiotics. What is the primary goal of antibiotic treatment in this case?
A patient is diagnosed with folliculitis and is prescribed antibiotics. What is the primary goal of antibiotic treatment in this case?
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A patient presents with a papule that is studded with vesicles containing serous exudate. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A patient presents with a papule that is studded with vesicles containing serous exudate. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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What is the primary difference between an erosion and an ulcer?
What is the primary difference between an erosion and an ulcer?
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What is the primary trigger for Bullous Pemphigoid?
What is the primary trigger for Bullous Pemphigoid?
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What is the most common topical steroid used to treat Stasis Dermatitis?
What is the most common topical steroid used to treat Stasis Dermatitis?
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What is the primary risk factor for developing skin ulcers in Stasis Dermatitis?
What is the primary risk factor for developing skin ulcers in Stasis Dermatitis?
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What is the differential diagnosis for Stasis Dermatitis that is never bilateral?
What is the differential diagnosis for Stasis Dermatitis that is never bilateral?
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What is the recommended treatment for Bullous Pemphigoid to promote healing and reduce itching?
What is the recommended treatment for Bullous Pemphigoid to promote healing and reduce itching?
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What is the primary consideration when suspecting DVT in Stasis Dermatitis?
What is the primary consideration when suspecting DVT in Stasis Dermatitis?
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What is the estimated percentage of patients with chronic urticaria whose causes are unknown?
What is the estimated percentage of patients with chronic urticaria whose causes are unknown?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of urticarial vasculitis?
Which of the following is a characteristic of urticarial vasculitis?
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What is the primary treatment for chronic urticaria?
What is the primary treatment for chronic urticaria?
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What is the underlying defect in mastocytosis?
What is the underlying defect in mastocytosis?
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What is the characteristic distribution of lesions in seborrheic dermatitis?
What is the characteristic distribution of lesions in seborrheic dermatitis?
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What is the estimated percentage of psoriasis patients who have psoriatic arthritis?
What is the estimated percentage of psoriasis patients who have psoriatic arthritis?
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What is Koebner's phenomenon?
What is Koebner's phenomenon?
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What is the primary treatment for inverse psoriasis?
What is the primary treatment for inverse psoriasis?
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What is the characteristic distribution of lesions in tinea pedis?
What is the characteristic distribution of lesions in tinea pedis?
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What is the primary diagnostic test for tinea pedis?
What is the primary diagnostic test for tinea pedis?
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Study Notes
Structure and Function of Skin
- Barrier against fluid loss
- Protection from ultraviolet radiation
- Thermoregulation
- Cushioning
- Immunologic protection
- Appearance
Dermatologic Terminology
- Macule: flat (nonpalpable), < 1cm in size
- Patch: flat (nonpalpable), > 1cm in size
- Papule: raised, < 1cm in size
- Plaque: raised (a broad papule), > 1cm in size
- Nodule: similar to a papule but > 1cm and located in the dermis or subcutaneous fat
- Vesicle: fluid-filled, < 1cm in size
- Bulla: fluid-filled, > 1cm in size
- Wheal (hive): edematous papule or plaque that usually lasts < 24 hours
- Scale: dry or greasy laminated masses of keratin
- Crust: dried serum, pus, or blood
- Fissure: a linear cleft through the epidermis or into the dermis
- Erosion: loss of all or portions of the epidermis alone, heals without scarring
- Ulcer: complete loss of the epidermis and some portion of the dermis, heals with scarring
Common Skin Disorders
Nummular Dermatitis
- Etiology: unknown
- 2 peaks of age distribution: 2nd to 3rd decade and 6th to 7th decade of life
- Presentation: round-to-oval crusted or scaly erythematous plaques on arms and legs
- Lesions often symmetrically distributed
- Treatment: topical steroids, moisturization
Contact Dermatitis
- Etiology: allergic or irritant reactions
- Presentation: erythema, pruritus, burning, and vesiculation
- Treatment: topical steroids, moisturization
Urticaria
- Etiology: unknown in > 60% of cases
- Known causes include: infections, foods, drugs, environmental factors, and emotional stress
- Presentation: blanching, raised, palpable wheals
- Treatment: H1 antihistamines, H2 antihistamines for severe or persistent urticaria
Seborrheic Dermatitis
- Etiology: related to a pathologic overproduction of sebum
- Presentation: erythema with greasy yellowish scale on the “T-zone” of the face, scalp, and chest
- Treatment: shampooing, topical corticosteroids, antifungal agents
Psoriasis
- Etiology: multifactorial disease influenced by genetic and immune-mediated components
- Presentation: red papules and plaques with adherent silvery scale
- Triggers: physical trauma, stress, infection, pregnancy, medications
- Treatment: topical corticosteroids, vitamin D analogs, topical calcineurin inhibitors
Tinea Pedis
- Etiology: dermatophyte infection of the soles of the feet and interdigital spaces
- Presentation: pruritic, scaling in a moccasin distribution, often with painful fissures between the toes
- Treatment: topical Azoles, topical Allylamines, Castellani’s paint
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Description
Test your knowledge on the structure and function of skin in older adults, including its role in barrier protection, thermoregulation, and immunologic protection. Learn key dermatologic terminology, such as macule, patch, papule, and plaque, and recognize common skin disorders affecting older adults.
