39 Questions
What is the most common site of neoplasia in dogs?
Skin
Which type of dermatological disease is associated with hypersensitivities and autoimmune conditions?
Inflammatory
Which of the following is NOT a type of infectious dermatological disease?
Degenerative
What is the first step in the clinical approach to a dermatology patient?
Signalment
Which diagnostic test is commonly used to examine the skin under a microscope?
Skin cytology
What is the next step after establishing a differential diagnosis in a dermatology patient?
Further investigations
Which age group is associated with diseases related to immunological immaturity?
Immature animals
Which of the following is NOT a recommended initial diagnostic test for dermatological diseases?
Wood's lamp examination
What is the next step if initial diagnostic tests do not lead to a diagnosis?
Further investigations
Which of the following is NOT a factor that can contribute to dermatological disease in animals?
Vaccination status
Which of the following is a breed predisposition for dermatophytosis?
Persian cats
Which of the following is a risk factor for Trichophyton dermatophyte infections in cats?
Hunting cats
Which of the following is a common dermatological disease in wet conditions?
Dermatophilosis
Which of the following is NOT a recommended step during the clinical examination of a dermatological case?
Inspect the gastrointestinal tract
What should be recorded accurately for clinical notes during a dermatological examination?
All of the above
What is the next step after completing the signalment, history, and clinical examination in a dermatological case?
Choose diagnostic tests strategically
What does DAMNITV stand for in the context of dermatological differential diagnosis?
Degenerative, Anomalous, Metabolic disorders, Neurologic disorders, Infection, Trauma, Vascular disorders
What should be considered when choosing initial practical diagnostic tests for a dermatological case?
All of the above
What is the recommended approach when diagnosing a dermatological case?
Follow a systematic diagnostic process
What are the major causes of dermatological disease?
D DEGENERATIVE A ANOMALOUS M METABOLIC N NEOPLASTIC NUTRITIONAL I INFLAMMATORY IMMUNE-MEDIATED INFECTIOUS IDIOPATHIC T TOXIC TRAUMATIC V VASCULAR
What is the client approach to the dermatology patient?
Establishing what is happening to the skin and why it is occurring, and then treating most effectively
What are the steps in the clinical approach to the dermatology patient?
Signalment, history, clinical examination, differential diagnosis/tentative diagnosis, initial diagnostic tests if indicated, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment
What are the initial diagnostic tests that can be performed in-house?
Coat brushing, skin scrapes, skin cytology, dermatophyte culture, trichograms, Wood's lamp examination
What are the further investigations that can be done if initial diagnostic tests do not lead to a diagnosis?
Blood tests, skin biopsies, microbial culture
When is trial therapy indicated?
If initial diagnostic tests are inconclusive or if investigations are declined, trial therapy can be used. For example, antimicrobial treatment for Malassezia or antiparasitic treatment for suspected parasites
What should be considered when choosing initial practical diagnostic tests?
The specific needs of the case, such as suspected parasites or fungal infections
What is the significance of signalment in the clinical approach?
Signalment, including age, can provide important clues to potential causes of dermatological disease
What are some diseases associated with immunological immaturity in young animals?
Demodicosis, dermatophytosis, viral papillomas, congenital defects
What is the most common site of neoplasia in dogs?
Skin
What are some factors that can contribute to dermatological disease in animals?
Environmental factors, such as exposures to allergens or parasites, underlying systemic disease, breed predispositions, and lifestyle and management factors
What are some examples of breed predispositions for dermatological diseases?
Examples include Welsh ponies with Culicoides hypersensitivity, feathered horses/ponies with Chorioptic mange, Persian cats and Yorkshire terriers with dermatophytosis, and Staffordshire Bull Terriers, Shar Peis, Bulldogs, and Labradors with demodicosis or environmental atopy
What should be considered when choosing initial practical diagnostic tests for a dermatological case?
Tests should be targeted towards the potential differentials identified in the case, providing maximum relevant information with minimal invasiveness and cost
What is the recommended approach when diagnosing a dermatological case?
Follow a systematic diagnostic process, including signalment, history, clinical examination, producing a ranked differential list, choosing strategic diagnostic tests, and proceeding based on the results
What types of dermatological diseases are associated with hypersensitivities and autoimmune conditions?
Hypersensitivities and autoimmune conditions can contribute to environmental atopy and allergies
What is the most common dermatological disease in wet conditions?
Dermatophilosis, also known as rain scald or mud fever, is more common in wet conditions
What is the next step after completing the signalment, history, and clinical examination in a dermatological case?
The next step is to develop a differential diagnosis or tentative diagnosis based on the information gathered
What is the next step if initial diagnostic tests do not lead to a diagnosis?
If initial diagnostic tests are inconclusive, further investigations or trial therapy may be necessary to reach a diagnosis
What is the first step in the clinical approach to a dermatology patient?
The first step is to gather signalment information, including age, sex, breed, and general health history
What should be recorded accurately for clinical notes during a dermatological examination?
Accurate records should include the area of the body affected, appropriate descriptors of lesions, size of lesions, and distribution of lesions
Test your knowledge on the major causes of dermatological diseases. Learn about the most common types of dermatological conditions and how to approach them as a client. Keywords: dermatological disease, causes, neoplasia, immune-mediated, infectious, toxic, traumatic, vascular.
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