Depression and Its Social Impact

<p>They may hinder understanding due to over-medicalization. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>50% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marked loss of libido (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sense of worthlessness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Joy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lowered activity levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disengagement from friends (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negative rumination (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It builds a model of self as inadequate and unlovable. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may generalize to a negative life outlook. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Internal, stable, and global. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Addressing thinking and behavior issues. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patient self-reporting only. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Onset, severity, features, duration, and course. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social context in understanding difficulties. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improving current interpersonal relationships (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analysis of childhood traumas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gerald Klerman (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shared exploration of thought patterns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insecure attachment to caregivers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focusing solely on current interpersonal problems is sufficient (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The dynamics of the relationship (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Engagement in both talking and doing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Personality disorders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exploring difficulties and setting goals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phase 2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Avoidance and unhelpful behaviors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It evaluates behaviors before, during, and after activities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhanced engagement in enjoyable activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reducing rewarding behaviors and activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diagnostic &amp; Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Economic Status (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interpersonal Model (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Serotonin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Other Syndromes with Depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drug or alcohol use (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Post-natal Depression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bipolar Type I Disorder (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Depression involves multiple aspects like physical changes, emotional distress, thoughts and motivation, behaviour, and social interactions.

It's important to understand the context of a person's feelings to validate their experience of depression.

Depression is influenced by societal norms, cultural beliefs, and economic conditions. It's not just an individual problem.

Diagnostic systems can be helpful, but they can also oversimplify or overlook the complexity of mental health.

The Power, Threat, Meaning Framework (PTMF) offers a different perspective on psychological disorders, considering factors like power dynamics and personal meaning.

A system used to classify mental disorders, created by the World Health Organization (WHO). It includes chapters for various mental health conditions.

The current version of the WHO's classification system for mental health disorders, published in 2019. It focuses on understanding the full range of a person's mental and social experiences.

A system used to classify mental disorders, created by the American Psychiatric Association (APA). It provides specific criteria for diagnosis and helps in understanding various mental health conditions.

The most recent version of the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) classification system for mental disorders, published in 2022. It includes updates and changes based on new research findings.

A type of mood disorder characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest, and other related symptoms.

A type of depression that occurs mainly during certain times of the year, often linked to changes in sunlight exposure.

A mental health condition that involves experiencing depression alongside thoughts or behaviors that are not connected to reality.

A mental health condition that occurs after childbirth, characterized by sadness, anxiety, and feelings of inadequacy.

A type of depression triggered by a stressful life event, like a breakup or job loss. It can have a significant impact on a person's ability to cope with everyday life.

A mental health condition that develops after a traumatic event. It can manifest in various ways, including depression, anxiety, and flashbacks.

A negative internal model of oneself as inadequate and unlovable, often stemming from inadequate care in childhood.

A negative internal model of others as unavailable or hostile, often formed due to inadequate care during childhood.

A cognitive model focusing on how people explain the cause of events, especially in relation to depression. It suggests depression is more likely if someone attributes events to internal, stable, and global factors.

A cognitive-behavioral approach that explains depression as a result of negative thoughts and behaviors. It emphasizes the role of socio-cultural context in shaping these patterns.

A process of gathering information to assess the nature and severity of depression. Includes using clinical interviews, observation, and validated questionnaires.

A classification system used to describe depression based on factors such as onset, severity, duration, and course.

A type of depression characterized by severe symptoms, such as loss of interest in activities, feelings of worthlessness, and changes in sleep and appetite.

A milder form of depression characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and loss of interest, but not as severe as Major Depressive Disorder.

These are the physical symptoms that may occur in depression, like appetite changes, sleep disturbances, fatigue and pain.

These are the emotional experiences that can occur in depression, such as feeling low, empty, anxious, or guilty.

These involve thinking patterns and motivations, including negative thoughts about oneself, the world, and the future. It can also include difficulty concentrating and a lack of motivation.

These are behavioral changes that may occur in depression, such as reduced activity levels, withdrawal from hobbies, and self-destructive behaviors.

These relate to social interactions and how depression influences relationships. It can lead to social withdrawal, isolation, and difficulties with communication.

This therapy focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors.

This therapy explores interpersonal relationships and how these impact mental health, especially in the context of depression.

This therapy aims to increase engagement in activities that bring pleasure or meaning to life, and focuses on how this can improve mood and reduce depressive symptoms.

A therapy approach that tackles depression by helping people improve their skills in managing difficult interpersonal relationships and reducing negative interactions.

IPT's first phase involves assessing the client's needs, establishing a diagnosis, setting goals, and explaining the therapy.

This phase is where the client actively works on solutions and strategies to improve their interpersonal challenges.

The final phase of IPT focuses on preparing the client for the end of therapy and developing plans for maintaining their progress.

BA focuses on exploring the connection between actions, feelings, and outcomes. It helps understand what happens before, during, and after activities.

BA helps clients gradually re-engage in activities they find rewarding, even if they don't feel like it at first.

BA targets behaviors that fuel depression, such as withdrawal and avoidance, by helping clients realize they don't always need to feel good to do things.

CBT focuses on how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors interact and influence each other.

CBT aims to help individuals change their thinking patterns and behaviors to manage symptoms and improve overall well-being.

Active participation is encouraged in CBT, where individuals take ownership of their treatment and work collaboratively with therapists.

IPT views depression primarily as a response to difficulties in personal relationships and life events.

IPT emphasizes the impact of interpersonal relationships on mental health, drawing on the work of Harry Stack Sullivan and John Bowlby.

While recognizing other factors, IPT focuses on the current interpersonal challenges individuals are facing.

IPT aims to help individuals understand and manage their depression by addressing their interpersonal difficulties in a structured and time-limited manner.

IPT is a short-term, solution-focused therapy that helps individuals manage depression by addressing their interpersonal problems.