Dentistry Program Mechanical Properties Part 1

An external action that produces, tends to produce, or changes the motion of a body.

The internal reaction to an external applied force, equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.

Stress is calculated by dividing the force by the area over which it acts.

Stress that results from forces pulling away from each other, causing elongation.

Stress caused by forces pushing towards each other, leading to shortening.

Material properties related to how they respond to forces.

Force exerted during chewing.

Understanding how materials respond to forces in dental applications.

Resultant stress caused by forces acting parallel to the surface, but not in the same line.

Combination of compressive, tensile, and shear stresses acting on an object.

Change in length per unit length caused by stress.

Temporary deformation that disappears when the stress is removed.

Permanent deformation that remains even after the stress is removed.

Strain is directly proportional to stress up to the proportional limit.

Stress value beyond which the stress-strain relationship is no longer linear.

Graphical representation of the relationship between stress and strain.

Force applied per unit area.

Stress at which a material begins to deform plastically.

Maximum stress a material can withstand before failure.

Stress at which a material fractures.

The stress level at which a material breaks.

The ratio of stress to strain in the elastic region of a material. Represents material stiffness.

Another name for Young's modulus. Measures a material's resistance to elastic deformation.

A material's resistance to deformation under stress.

A material's ability to bend or deform easily.

A material's ability to deform plastically before breaking.

A material's ability to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets without breaking.

A material's tendency to break with little or no deformation.

Force per unit area.

The change in length divided by the original length.

The amount of energy absorbed by a material when stressed to its proportional limit.

A measure of a material's resilience, calculated as ½ stress x strain.

The capacity of a material to absorb energy up to fracture. The area under the entire stress-strain curve (elastic plus plastic).

A material's resistance to crack propagation and brittle fracture.

A graph showing the relationship between stress and strain on a material.

A measure of a material's stiffness; the slope of the linear portion of the stress-strain curve.

The stress value where the stress-strain relationship is no longer linear (proportional).

The ability of a material to undergo significant plastic deformation before fracture.

The tendency of a material to fracture with little or no plastic deformation.

Denture bases must be rigid to evenly distribute chewing forces across the surface during mastication.

A characteristic needed for long-span bridges; it allows the material to flex with appropriate stress distribution.

Impression materials must spring back to their original shape after removal without permanent changes during the process.

Clasps must flex during chewing without getting damaged. This ensures the clasp holds the teeth.

The maximum amount of elastic strain a material can undergo before the elastic limit is surpassed.

The ability of a material to be stretched into a wire without breaking.

The ability of a material to be hammered or pressed into thin sheets.

Permanent change in shape caused by a force.

A measure of ductility; it calculates the percentage increase in length of a material under tension.

The ability of a material to absorb energy during deformation and release it when the load is removed.

The ability of a material to absorb energy before fracturing.

Fracture occurring in materials that undergo considerable plastic deformation before breaking.

Fracture occurring in materials with little or no plastic deformation before breaking.

A material that can absorb energy without permanent deformation.

A material able to absorb a large amount of energy before fracturing. This includes both elastic and plastic deformation.

A graph showing the relationship between stress and strain in a material.

The temporary change in shape of a material under stress, which reverses when the stress is removed.

A permanent change in shape of a material under stress, which does not reverse when the stress is removed.

A material that can undergo significant plastic deformation before fracturing.

A material that exhibits little or no plastic deformation before fracturing.

A material that can withstand a large amount of stress.

A material that can withstand only a small amount of stress.

A material that resists deformation.

A material that deforms significantly under stress.