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Questions and Answers
What is the primary use of inlay wax?
What is the primary use of inlay wax?
Which wax is described as having the highest accuracy requirements?
Which wax is described as having the highest accuracy requirements?
Sticky wax is primarily used for which purpose?
Sticky wax is primarily used for which purpose?
How is boxing wax supplied?
How is boxing wax supplied?
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Which classification of dental wax includes inlay casting and boxing?
Which classification of dental wax includes inlay casting and boxing?
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Utility wax is characterized by which property?
Utility wax is characterized by which property?
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What material is used to seal a refractory cast?
What material is used to seal a refractory cast?
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Wax forms can be utilized for which of the following applications?
Wax forms can be utilized for which of the following applications?
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What is the primary use of utility wax in dental procedures?
What is the primary use of utility wax in dental procedures?
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Which wax is designed to flow under controlled pressure in the mouth?
Which wax is designed to flow under controlled pressure in the mouth?
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What is a characteristic feature of impression waxes?
What is a characteristic feature of impression waxes?
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What distinguishes boxing wax from other types of dental wax?
What distinguishes boxing wax from other types of dental wax?
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How should low-fusing impression wax be handled to prevent distortion?
How should low-fusing impression wax be handled to prevent distortion?
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Which of the following is NOT a functional group of dental waxes?
Which of the following is NOT a functional group of dental waxes?
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What type of wax is classified as baseplate wax?
What type of wax is classified as baseplate wax?
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What is the primary purpose of disclosing wax in dental procedures?
What is the primary purpose of disclosing wax in dental procedures?
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Which statement about pattern waxes is true?
Which statement about pattern waxes is true?
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What materials are combined to create undercut wax?
What materials are combined to create undercut wax?
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What is a requirement of baseplate wax?
What is a requirement of baseplate wax?
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At what temperature is refined beeswax typically used in its molten form?
At what temperature is refined beeswax typically used in its molten form?
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Which wax is primarily used for recording jaw movements?
Which wax is primarily used for recording jaw movements?
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Which wax is primarily used for joining parts of a broken denture?
Which wax is primarily used for joining parts of a broken denture?
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What is the typical composition of baseplate wax?
What is the typical composition of baseplate wax?
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What is a characteristic of Class 3 baseplate wax?
What is a characteristic of Class 3 baseplate wax?
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Study Notes
Dental Waxes: Introduction
- Dental waxes are mixtures of natural or synthetic waxes.
- Each component is chosen to give specific properties for the dental procedure.
- Modifiers are included to alter melting point, stickiness, or color, according to the intended use.
- Dental waxes come in various sizes, colors, compositions, and shapes.
Dental Waxes: Properties
- Dental waxes are chemical polyesters of fatty acids and alcohols forming hydrocarbon chains.
- The chains consist of carbon atoms linked to each other and hydrogen atoms or other radicals.
- Dental waxes are a mixture of animal, vegetable, mineral waxes as well as other materials, like oils, fats, gums, resins, synthetic waxes, and dyes.
- Different types share similar physical properties, but have different molecular weights, resulting in a range of melting intervals, instead of a single point.
- Thermal expansion increases with temperature and contracts when temperature decreases.
- Flow is dependent on temperature, force, and time force is applied. Crucial in inlay waxes, where the wax needs to flow into the die.
- Cooling the wax under compression creates residual stress, affected by temperature change. This also results in distortion over time, influenced by storage temperatures.
- Mechanical properties, like elastic modulus, proportional limit, and compressive strength, are relatively low compared to other dental materials and are strongly dependent on temperature.
Types of Dental Waxes
- Baseplate wax: Comes in medium and hard types; used for denture wax-ups, impression space filling, and sometimes as a boxing material . Most baseplate wax sheets are around 1mm thick.
- Inlay wax: Used for exacting measurements of inlay and onlay patterns, crowns, and bridge frameworks. Highest accuracy standards for these waxes.
- Ivory wax: Similar to inlay wax but contains no pigment; particularly useful in waxing patterns for acrylic jacket crowns, to avoid discoloration from the plaster.
- Wax forms: Used in complete and partial crowns for waxing & compression-molded acrylic veneers; has similar characteristics to softer inlay wax.
- Sheet-casting wax: Similar properties as baseplate wax, but a specific use in RPD work for controlling the thickness of the residual ridge, also to combine with baseplate wax to create a uniform thickness palate for full dentures.
- Sticky wax: Specifically designed for holding broken pieces of metal casts together.
- Utility wax: extremely pliable, plastic-like, used in beading impressions before pouring the cast, used for building up impression tray borders.
- Boxing wax: A specially prepared wax in strips, primarily used for boxing impressions without heating.
- Blockout wax: Used to block out undercut areas in RPD fabrication.
- Beeswax: Used to seal refractory casts.
Classification of Dental Waxes:
- By origin: (Mineral, Plant, Insect, Animal)
- By use: (Pattern, Processing, Impression)
- By ISO classification: (Type 1 - Casting Wax, Type 2 - Baseplate Wax, Class 1- Soft, Class 2- Hard, Class 3- Extra hard)
Impression Waxes
- Used primarily by dentists at the chair.
- Have low melting points and flow easily at mouth temperatures.
- Require careful handling to avoid distortion.
- Examples include corrective wax and jaw movement recording wax.
Pattern Waxes
- Used to create molds for making dental restorations.
- Examples include inlay wax, baseplate wax, wire wax, preformed wax, and sheet wax.
- (Except for inlay wax) Thickness is controlled. Gauge (ga) measures thickness for wire and some wax forms.
- Different manufacturers may use different gauge standards.
Processing Waxes
- Primarily used for fabricating dental restorations.
- Examples include sticky wax, utility wax, boxing wax, blockout wax, and beeswax.
Baseplate Wax
- Composition: mostly beeswax, paraffin, coloring matter, and sometimes chalk and vermilion.
- Requirements: Needs to be rigid enough at mouth temperature, under biting pressure, and capable of holding porcelain or acrylic teeth but avoid brittleness. Uniform consistency throughout a temperature range.
- Types: Hard and Medium. Hard is better for warmer climates, medium for colder.
- Uses: Occlusion rims, boxing matrices, filling in tongue space of lower impressions, complete and partial denture wax-ups.
Inlay Wax
- Composition: Paraffin, gum dammar, and carnauba.
- Requirements: High accuracy in reproducing cavity details. Easy carving without chipping or flaking, workable at mouth and lab temps, dimensionally stable between temp changes, and burns cleanly from molds.
Ivory Wax
- A type of inlay wax with no pigment.
- Useful for waxing acrylic jacket patterns as it doesn't leave a colored residue in the plaster.
Casting Waxes for Partial Dentures
- Used to create molds for partial dentures.
- Types include Preformed Wax (Round and Half-Round), Inlay Wax, and Sheet-Casting Wax.
- Sheet-casting wax is similar to baseplate wax, and is available in thicknesses with different gauges.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of dental waxes, including their compositions, properties, and applications in dental procedures. This quiz will cover the essential characteristics of natural and synthetic waxes, their modifiers, and the significance of their physical properties in dentistry.
