Dental Resins Overview

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Questions and Answers

What temperature does the highly volatile transparent liquid resin reach its boiling point?

95.0°C

80.5°C

100.8°C (correct)

120.5°C

Which step involves the removal of softened wax from the mold?

Curing

Trimming/Polishing

Trial closure

Deflasking (correct)

What is the purpose of applying 2 layers of colorgard during the construction of DB wax pattern?

To enhance the color of the resin

To increase the thickness of the wax

To prevent the penetration of monomer into the investing medium (correct)

To reduce the curing time of the resin

What is the ratio of polymer to monomer by volume during resin packing?

3.0 – 3.5:1 Signup and view all the answers

Which part is not included in a metal flask used for investing?

Lid Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is used for packing resin as stated in the content?

Compression molding Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the denture base construction process?

Preliminary impression Signup and view all the answers

During the impression making step, what is prepared for the final impression?

Individual tray Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using Colorgard in the mold process?

To prevent the union between investing medium and U&L halves Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the 'Damp Sand Stage' of the curing process?

The polymer gradually settles into the monomer Signup and view all the answers

Which stage indicates that the monomer is attacking the polymer?

Sticky Stage Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of overfilling the mold during the process?

The creation of excess material known as flash Signup and view all the answers

During which stage does the material become more cohesive as monomer evaporates?

Rubbery Stage Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step after allowing the POP to set?

Apply two layers of Colorgard Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence if no flash occurs during the molding process?

Insufficient material may have been used Signup and view all the answers

What key action is performed after the second trial closure?

Remove the polyethylene sheet Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of curing known as self-cured resin primarily characterized by?

Chemical activation at room temperature Signup and view all the answers

Which type of polymerization involves the formation of by-products like water and ammonia?

Condensation Polymerization Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of halogen light in the curing process of dental resins?

It aids in addition polymerization Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a use of dental resins?

Filling Bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is a major advantage of addition polymerization in the context of dental resins?

It occurs without the formation of any by-products Signup and view all the answers

Which resin is particularly noted for its transparency and stability in dental applications?

Poly (methyl methacrylate) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of curing process takes several hours to complete?

Heat-cured Resin Signup and view all the answers

What is the required factor for the process of addition polymerization to proceed?

Presence of a double bond and a free radical Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided to prevent denture warpage during processing?

Rapidly cooling the flask in tap water Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of too much pressure during curing of denture bases?

Fracture of the processed denture Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following issues is associated with improper deflasking techniques?

Crazing on the denture surface Signup and view all the answers

How should processed denture bases be trimmed to avoid injury?

By removing minimal excess resin Signup and view all the answers

What can cause the appearance of linear cracks on the denture surface?

Application of too much pressure during curing Signup and view all the answers

What is a common result of rapid heating during the denture processing?

Crazing or linear cracking Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal method for cooling a processed denture base after removal from the water bath?

Room temperature bench cooling for at least 30 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What problem can arise from excessive polishing of a denture base?

Distortion due to heat production Signup and view all the answers

What is one cause of internal porosities in denture bases?

Insufficient pressure during packing Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes external porosities?

They are found on the surface of the denture base. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a tissue conditioner?

To provide cushioning and massaging effects Signup and view all the answers

Which requirement of an ideal denture cleaner helps ensure safety from accidental spills?

Should be nontoxic Signup and view all the answers

What materials are used in the manufacture of acrylic resin teeth?

Acrylic and modified acrylic polymers Signup and view all the answers

How can stains and calculus on dentures be effectively removed?

Professional polishing and regular home care Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of soft liners on soft tissue?

They help manage sore residual ridges Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic must a denture cleaner possess in order to remove both organic and inorganic deposits?

Able to dissolve deposits Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Dental Resins

Dental resins are materials used in dentistry to create a variety of dental appliances and restorations.
Resins are polymers, which are large molecules made up of smaller repeating units called monomers.
There are different types of dental resins depending on their curing mechanism.
Resins can be cured by heat, chemicals, or light.
Heat-cured resins are processed by heating for several hours.
Self-cured resins cure at room temperature through a chemical reaction.
Light-cured resins cure upon exposure to light.

Uses of Dental Resins

Dental resins are used in various applications, including:
- Impression materials: taking molds of teeth.
- Individual trays: custom-made trays for final impressions.
- Denture bases: the foundation of complete dentures.
- Artificial teeth (pontics): used to replace missing teeth.
- Relining and rebasing materials: used to adjust or repair dentures.
- Soft liners: used to provide cushioning for sore tissues.
- Crowns and veneers: used to cover and restore damaged teeth.

Polymerization

Polymerization is the process of converting monomers into polymers.
Two main types of polymerization:
- Condensation polymerization: involves the loss of small molecules like water during the process.
- Addition polymerization: monomers add to one another without the loss of any molecules.

Types of Dental Resins

Acrylic resins are commonly used in dentistry.
They are derivatives of ethylene and contain a vinyl group.
Acrylic resins are used to create dentures, crowns, and other dental appliances.

Denture Base Construction

The process of constructing a denture base involves several steps:
- Impression making: obtaining a mold of the patient's mouth.
- Study cast: a replica of the patient's mouth used to create the denture base.
- Individual tray: a custom tray for final impressions.
- Master/working cast: a highly accurate model of the patient's mouth.
- Construction of the denture base wax pattern: shaping the denture base on the master cast.
- Investing: encasing the wax pattern in plaster.
- Packing of resin into the mold space: filling the mold with resin.
Different techniques are used for packing the resin:
- Dough-molding technique/Compression molding: a manual method of packing the resin.
- Injection-molding technique: a technique that uses an injection device to pack the resin.

Monomer-Polymer Reaction

The monomer acts as a solvent for the polymer.
The monomer's role is to soften the polymer so it can be packed into the mold.
The monomer-polymer reaction involves five stages:
- Damp sand stage: polymer begins dissolving in the monomer.
- Sticky stage: monomer starts attacking and softening the polymer.
- Dough stage: the mixture becomes more saturated with the polymer.
- Rubbery stage: monomer evaporates and polymer becomes more cohesive.
- Final stage: the resin hardens and cures.

Processing of Denture Base

The denture base is processed in a flask with pressure applied to it.
The flask is heated and then cooled slowly to prevent distortion of the denture base.
The denture base is then deflasked, trimmed, and polished.

Failures of Denture Base Resins

There are various reasons why a denture base can fail:
- Porosities: internal or external holes in the denture base.
- Crazing: linear cracks on the surface of the denture base.
- Fracture: breakage of the denture base.
- Warpage/distortion: bending or shaping of the denture base.

Miscellaneous Resins and Techniques

There are different types of resins and techniques used in dentistry:
- Repair resins: used to fix broken dentures.
- Rebasing/Relining: used to adjust the denture base to the new contours of the mouth.
- Soft liners: used to create a cushioning effect for sore tissues.
- Resin impression trays: used to create molds for impressions.
- Tissue conditioners: used to provide cushioning and massage for inflamed tissues.
- Acrylic resin teeth: used to create artificial teeth.

Denture Cleaners

Dentures require cleaning to remove deposits, stains, and calculus.
Denture cleaners should be nontoxic, easy to remove, effective in dissolving deposits, harmless to denture materials, and safe to use.
Denture cleaning can be done professionally or at home by soaking or brushing the dentures.

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Description

This quiz explores the different types of dental resins and their applications in dentistry. Learn about the curing mechanisms, materials, and various dental appliances made from resins. Perfect for students and professionals looking to deepen their understanding of dental materials.