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Questions and Answers
What is the primary reason to use caution when working with a patient who has a compromised immune system when polishing teeth?
What is the primary reason to use caution when working with a patient who has a compromised immune system when polishing teeth?
Which of the following is NOT considered an adverse effect of coronal polishing?
Which of the following is NOT considered an adverse effect of coronal polishing?
What type of stain is chlorhexidine stain categorized as?
What type of stain is chlorhexidine stain categorized as?
What is the primary concern regarding aerosol production during dental polishing?
What is the primary concern regarding aerosol production during dental polishing?
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What is the rationale for recommending eyewear for both patients and clinicians during polishing procedures?
What is the rationale for recommending eyewear for both patients and clinicians during polishing procedures?
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Which of the following is a common extrinsic stain?
Which of the following is a common extrinsic stain?
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What are the potential risks associated with polishing teeth?
What are the potential risks associated with polishing teeth?
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Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of power-driven equipment during dental polishing?
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of power-driven equipment during dental polishing?
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What is bacteremia?
What is bacteremia?
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Which of the following individuals are at higher risk of developing bacteremia?
Which of the following individuals are at higher risk of developing bacteremia?
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What does the term 'iatrogenic' refer to in a clinical context?
What does the term 'iatrogenic' refer to in a clinical context?
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Which of the following is NOT a constituent that can cause severe inflammatory responses during dental procedures?
Which of the following is NOT a constituent that can cause severe inflammatory responses during dental procedures?
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Which condition is associated with an increased risk of bacteremia following dental procedures?
Which condition is associated with an increased risk of bacteremia following dental procedures?
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What is the main risk associated with using an abrasive agent for stain removal?
What is the main risk associated with using an abrasive agent for stain removal?
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Why is polishing areas of demineralization generally not recommended?
Why is polishing areas of demineralization generally not recommended?
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What precaution should be taken during polishing to prevent damage to the tooth?
What precaution should be taken during polishing to prevent damage to the tooth?
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What specific characteristic of primary teeth makes them more susceptible to overheating during polishing?
What specific characteristic of primary teeth makes them more susceptible to overheating during polishing?
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What happens if too much tooth structure is removed during polishing?
What happens if too much tooth structure is removed during polishing?
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What is the recommended technique for applying paste during the polishing procedure?
What is the recommended technique for applying paste during the polishing procedure?
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Which step is NOT required during the fluoride tray application?
Which step is NOT required during the fluoride tray application?
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What is the primary purpose of rinsing the patient during the procedure?
What is the primary purpose of rinsing the patient during the procedure?
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How should the polishing cup be positioned during use?
How should the polishing cup be positioned during use?
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What sequence should be followed for polishing to ensure efficiency?
What sequence should be followed for polishing to ensure efficiency?
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What is a potential risk when incorrect techniques are used during coronal polishing?
What is a potential risk when incorrect techniques are used during coronal polishing?
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Under what condition is coronal polishing advised against?
Under what condition is coronal polishing advised against?
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Why might abrasive agents be harmful during coronal polishing?
Why might abrasive agents be harmful during coronal polishing?
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What is a contraindication for the polishing of teeth?
What is a contraindication for the polishing of teeth?
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What can be a consequence of the action of polishing on gum tissue?
What can be a consequence of the action of polishing on gum tissue?
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Coronal polishing should be avoided for patients with which of the following conditions?
Coronal polishing should be avoided for patients with which of the following conditions?
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Which of the following is NOT a recommendation regarding coronal polishing?
Which of the following is NOT a recommendation regarding coronal polishing?
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What is the primary concern when polishing teeth with gingival issues?
What is the primary concern when polishing teeth with gingival issues?
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What is the purpose of using polishing agents during dental procedures?
What is the purpose of using polishing agents during dental procedures?
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Which type of grit should be used for polishing according to the recommended practices?
Which type of grit should be used for polishing according to the recommended practices?
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Which component is essential for the Rubber Cup Method in dental polishing?
Which component is essential for the Rubber Cup Method in dental polishing?
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What is the proper alignment of the handpiece hose for optimal use?
What is the proper alignment of the handpiece hose for optimal use?
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What is a key feature of the reusable right-angle prophy angle?
What is a key feature of the reusable right-angle prophy angle?
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Which type of toothpaste is recommended for managing dental stains?
Which type of toothpaste is recommended for managing dental stains?
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Why is it important to educate patients on tobacco cessation in relation to dental care?
Why is it important to educate patients on tobacco cessation in relation to dental care?
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What are polishing agents primarily composed of?
What are polishing agents primarily composed of?
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Flashcards
Oral Prophylaxis
Oral Prophylaxis
A procedure that includes tooth polishing as defined by ADHA and AAP.
Extrinsic Stain
Extrinsic Stain
Stains occurring on the outer surfaces of teeth, commonly from chlorhexidine and tobacco.
Chlorhexidine Stain
Chlorhexidine Stain
A type of extrinsic stain caused by the mouthwash chlorhexidine.
Tobacco Stain
Tobacco Stain
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Aerosol Production
Aerosol Production
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Spatter
Spatter
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Contraindications for Polishing
Contraindications for Polishing
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Eye Protection Requirement
Eye Protection Requirement
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Prophylaxis paste constituents
Prophylaxis paste constituents
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Bacteremia
Bacteremia
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Susceptible individuals to bacteremia
Susceptible individuals to bacteremia
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Iatrogenic
Iatrogenic
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Risk factors for bacteremia
Risk factors for bacteremia
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Enamel Layer Removal
Enamel Layer Removal
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Polishing and Enamel
Polishing and Enamel
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Demineralization Polishing
Demineralization Polishing
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Heat Generation in Polishing
Heat Generation in Polishing
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Vulnerability of Primary Teeth
Vulnerability of Primary Teeth
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Rinsing Procedure
Rinsing Procedure
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Polishing Technique
Polishing Technique
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Fluoride Varnish
Fluoride Varnish
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Fluoride Trays
Fluoride Trays
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Patient Comfort in Treatment
Patient Comfort in Treatment
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Coronal Polishing Injury
Coronal Polishing Injury
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Indications for No Polishing
Indications for No Polishing
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Abrasive Polishing Agents
Abrasive Polishing Agents
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Traumatizing Tissue
Traumatizing Tissue
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Contraindication: Cementum Polishing
Contraindication: Cementum Polishing
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Dentin Polishing Restriction
Dentin Polishing Restriction
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Inflamed Gums
Inflamed Gums
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Patient Assessment
Patient Assessment
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Tooth Sensitivity Likelihood
Tooth Sensitivity Likelihood
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Polishing Procedure Steps
Polishing Procedure Steps
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Polishing Agents
Polishing Agents
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Abrasiveness in Polishing
Abrasiveness in Polishing
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Rubber Cup Method
Rubber Cup Method
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Dental Handpiece
Dental Handpiece
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Prophy Angle Types
Prophy Angle Types
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Handpiece Hose Position
Handpiece Hose Position
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Study Notes
Cosmetic Polishing Procedures
- Coronal polishing is a cosmetic procedure aimed at removing extrinsic stains from tooth enamel.
- A therapeutic procedure is a dental procedure used to maintain health or treat disease to restore health.
- A cosmetic procedure is non-essential and undertaken for aesthetic reasons, improving appearance.
- Coronal polishing offers no therapeutic benefit as dental stains do not cause periodontal disease, dental caries, or other oral diseases.
- Historically, all teeth were polished at the completion of prophylaxis.
- Researchers suggest coronal polishing is not necessary on a routine basis.
- Over time, polishing can remove tooth structure, leading to morphological changes.
- The ADHA and the American Academy of Periodontology include tooth polishing in their definitions of the term "oral prophylaxis."
Types of Stains
- Extrinsic stains occur on the outer surfaces of teeth, and the most common examples are chlorhexidine and tobacco stains.
- Intrinsic stains occur within the enamel and cannot be removed by polishing.
- Examples of intrinsic stains include tetracycline stains and stains from silver amalgams or endodontic (root canal) treatment.
Precautions
- Adverse effects of coronal polishing include: aerosol production and splatter, creation of bacteremia, and iatrogenic damage to tooth surfaces.
- Dental aerosols are invisible airborne particles dispersed into the surrounding environment by dental equipment.
- Spatter consists of airborne particles that land on people and objects. Polishing splatter includes polishing paste, microorganisms, and saliva.
- Power-driven equipment should be used but with caution for patients with high susceptibility to infection, such as individuals with respiratory/pulmonary disease, immunocompromised, or debilitated individuals.
- Patients and clinicians should use eyewear to protect their eyes from splatter.
- Some constituents of prophylaxis pastes are chemicals that can cause inflammation in the eye.
- Bacteremia is the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream.
- Bacteria in the oral cavity can enter the bloodstream during hand or powered instrumentation and coronal polishing.
- Individuals susceptible to bacteremia include those with damaged heart valves, prosthetic heart valves, prosthetic joint replacements, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease, cardiac bypass surgery within the last six months, or dialysis patients.
- Iatrogenic damage is a problem brought on by something a clinician does.
Other Considerations
- Stain removal uses an abrasive agent to remove the surface layer of enamel.
- Tiny amounts of enamel are removed during polishing.
- Minimizing the amount of tooth structure removed is essential.
- Polishing areas of demineralization is contraindicated to prevent interrupting enamel surface remineralization.
- Polishing generates heat, so use a wet agent with minimal pressure and low speed.
- Primary teeth are vulnerable to heat generation during polishing due to their large pulp chambers.
- Coronal polishing can injure gingiva if incorrect techniques are used.
- Polishing of exposed cementum and dentin is contraindicated.
- Tooth sensitivity may be common in affected areas.
Polishing Procedures
- Apply a sufficient amount of paste to 2-3 teeth at a time, applying more as you progress through the mouth.
- Adapt the polishing cup carefully to all surfaces, keeping it parallel to the surface.
- Maintain adaptation of the cup and keep the rim flared slightly.
- Maintain a slow, constant speed.
- Complete the procedure using an efficient and logical sequence.
- Appropriate seating positions, illumination, and saliva ejectors can control aerosols.
- Rinse the patient periodically for comfort.
Fluoride Treatments
- Fluoride varnish and trays prevent dental problems.
- During fluoride application, ensure that the tray is placed so that the fluoride is in contact with teeth.
Components of Polishing System
- Includes dental handpieces, prophy angles, and cup attachments.
Rubber Cup Method
- A rubber cup filled with polishing agent removes extrinsic stains from tooth crowns.
Clinical Application
- Patient education on controlling stains from drinks, food, and tobacco cessation.
- Proper brushing and flossing habits.
- Scaling of stains.
- Polishing with appropriate agents and techniques.
Polishing Agents
- Polishing agents are abrasive in nature, created by the shape, hardness, strength, and size of the particles.
- Polishing pastes have a range of grit sizes (course to fine).
- Use the least abrasive paste necessary to achieve desired results.
- Polishing agents have enhancements like remineralization, hypersensitivity, and whitening.
Types of Prophy Angles
- Reusable Right-Angle: Straight shank to re-use; needs autoclaving between uses.
- Disposable Right-Angle: Disposable after single use.
- Contra-Angle: Bent shank to facilitate neutral wrist position.
- Latch Type: Latch secures attachment to the angle.
- Threaded Head: Attachment type with screws for attachment.
Angle Attachments
- The "working ends" or attachments that are applied.
- Included webbed cups and ribbed cups and petite webbed cups.
Other Notes
- Polishing brushes, disposable all-in-one angles are also used.
- Cup adaptation should be parallel to the surface of the tooth being treated.
- Apply the rubber cup at the correct speed and pressure.
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Description
Test your knowledge on dental polishing procedures and the safety precautions necessary for patients with compromised immune systems. This quiz covers potential risks, contraindications, and the effects of dental polishing on various patients. Learn about the relevance of safety measures like eyewear and the understanding of bacteremia in a dental context.