Dental Polishing and Patient Safety Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason to use caution when working with a patient who has a compromised immune system when polishing teeth?

  • The patient may be more susceptible to airborne infections. (correct)
  • The patient may be more likely to experience bleeding during the procedure.
  • The patient may have a higher risk of developing tooth sensitivity.
  • The patient may experience more pain during the polishing process.
  • Which of the following is NOT considered an adverse effect of coronal polishing?

  • Creation of bacteremia.
  • Removal of surface irregularities. (correct)
  • Aerosol production and splatter.
  • Increased risk of dental hypersensitivity.
  • What type of stain is chlorhexidine stain categorized as?

  • Extrinsic stain. (correct)
  • Neither intrinsic nor extrinsic stain.
  • Both intrinsic and extrinsic stain.
  • Intrinsic stain.
  • What is the primary concern regarding aerosol production during dental polishing?

    <p>It can lead to the spread of infectious agents. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rationale for recommending eyewear for both patients and clinicians during polishing procedures?

    <p>To prevent the spread of dental aerosols and splatter. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common extrinsic stain?

    <p>Tobacco stain. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the potential risks associated with polishing teeth?

    <p>Tooth sensitivity and hypersensitivity. (A), Removal of enamel. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of power-driven equipment during dental polishing?

    <p>Patients with a known communicable condition. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is bacteremia?

    <p>The presence of bacteria in the bloodstream (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following individuals are at higher risk of developing bacteremia?

    <p>Patients with a prosthetic heart valve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'iatrogenic' refer to in a clinical context?

    <p>A problem resulting from treatment or intervention by a clinician (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a constituent that can cause severe inflammatory responses during dental procedures?

    <p>Antibiotics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with an increased risk of bacteremia following dental procedures?

    <p>Prosthetic joint replacement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main risk associated with using an abrasive agent for stain removal?

    <p>It can lead to the removal of enamel that contains protective fluoride. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is polishing areas of demineralization generally not recommended?

    <p>It interrupts the process of enamel surface remineralization. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What precaution should be taken during polishing to prevent damage to the tooth?

    <p>Apply minimal pressure and use a wet polishing agent at low speed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What specific characteristic of primary teeth makes them more susceptible to overheating during polishing?

    <p>They have larger pulp chambers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if too much tooth structure is removed during polishing?

    <p>It could result in irreversible enamel damage. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended technique for applying paste during the polishing procedure?

    <p>Apply sufficient amount to 2-3 teeth at a time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step is NOT required during the fluoride tray application?

    <p>Using cotton rolls (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of rinsing the patient during the procedure?

    <p>For patient comfort (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the polishing cup be positioned during use?

    <p>Parallel to the surface being treated (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sequence should be followed for polishing to ensure efficiency?

    <p>Work in a specific logical sequence with appropriate positioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk when incorrect techniques are used during coronal polishing?

    <p>Injury to the gingiva (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition is coronal polishing advised against?

    <p>For patients with bleeding gums (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might abrasive agents be harmful during coronal polishing?

    <p>They can cause more inflammation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for the polishing of teeth?

    <p>Polishing exposed dentin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of the action of polishing on gum tissue?

    <p>Traumatizing the tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Coronal polishing should be avoided for patients with which of the following conditions?

    <p>Gingivitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommendation regarding coronal polishing?

    <p>Performing it on inflamed gums (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern when polishing teeth with gingival issues?

    <p>Improper polishing leads to irreversible effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using polishing agents during dental procedures?

    <p>To remove extrinsic stains from teeth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of grit should be used for polishing according to the recommended practices?

    <p>Least abrasive paste necessary to achieve desired results (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is essential for the Rubber Cup Method in dental polishing?

    <p>Rubber cup filled with polishing agent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the proper alignment of the handpiece hose for optimal use?

    <p>Straight and aligned with the long axis of the handpiece (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the reusable right-angle prophy angle?

    <p>It has a straight shank and can be reused (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of toothpaste is recommended for managing dental stains?

    <p>Regular fluoride toothpaste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to educate patients on tobacco cessation in relation to dental care?

    <p>It helps control staining and improve overall oral health (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are polishing agents primarily composed of?

    <p>Particles that vary in shape, hardness, strength, and size (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Oral Prophylaxis

    A procedure that includes tooth polishing as defined by ADHA and AAP.

    Extrinsic Stain

    Stains occurring on the outer surfaces of teeth, commonly from chlorhexidine and tobacco.

    Chlorhexidine Stain

    A type of extrinsic stain caused by the mouthwash chlorhexidine.

    Tobacco Stain

    An extrinsic stain caused by the use of tobacco products.

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    Aerosol Production

    Invisible airborne particles generated by dental equipment during procedures.

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    Spatter

    Airborne particles that settle on surfaces, composed of polishing paste, microorganisms, and saliva.

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    Contraindications for Polishing

    Situations where polishing should not be done, especially with communicable diseases.

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    Eye Protection Requirement

    Necessity for eyewear to protect against splatter during dental procedures.

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    Prophylaxis paste constituents

    Chemicals in prophylaxis pastes that may cause eye inflammation.

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    Bacteremia

    The presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, often from dental procedures.

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    Susceptible individuals to bacteremia

    Individuals at risk include those with heart or joint conditions.

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    Iatrogenic

    A complication caused by a clinician's actions or interventions.

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    Risk factors for bacteremia

    Factors include damaged heart valves, prosthetic joints, and recent surgeries.

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    Enamel Layer Removal

    Stain removal with abrasive agents removes the protective enamel layer.

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    Polishing and Enamel

    Polishing removes tiny amounts of enamel and should be minimized.

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    Demineralization Polishing

    Polishing demineralized areas is contraindicated to support remineralization.

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    Heat Generation in Polishing

    Polishing generates heat, requiring care to use wet agents and low speed.

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    Vulnerability of Primary Teeth

    Primary teeth have larger pulp chambers, making them more heat-sensitive.

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    Rinsing Procedure

    The process of rinsing the patient during dental treatments to ensure comfort and cleanliness.

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    Polishing Technique

    Applying paste to teeth using a flared cup while maintaining contact and a slow speed.

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    Fluoride Varnish

    A dental treatment applied directly to teeth that does not require cotton rolls during application.

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    Fluoride Trays

    Custom trays used for fluoride treatments; apply mandibular tray first, then maxillary.

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    Patient Comfort in Treatment

    Rinsing the patient periodically during procedures to improve comfort and control aerosols.

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    Coronal Polishing Injury

    Injury to gingiva from incorrect coronal polishing techniques.

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    Indications for No Polishing

    Do not perform coronal polishing on patients with inflamed or bleeding gums.

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    Abrasive Polishing Agents

    Agents that can worsen inflammation during coronal polishing.

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    Traumatizing Tissue

    Polishing action that can cause damage to gum tissue.

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    Contraindication: Cementum Polishing

    Polishing of exposed cementum is not recommended.

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    Dentin Polishing Restriction

    Polishing must be avoided on exposed dentin due to sensitivity.

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    Inflamed Gums

    Gum tissue that is swollen or bleeding, indicating potential issues.

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    Patient Assessment

    Evaluating patients for signs that prohibit coronal polishing.

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    Tooth Sensitivity Likelihood

    Certain areas of teeth may be more prone to sensitivity due to various factors.

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    Polishing Procedure Steps

    Clinical procedures include stain control education, scaling, and polishing.

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    Polishing Agents

    Agents that are abrasive and vary in grit to remove stains effectively.

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    Abrasiveness in Polishing

    Polishing agents' abrasiveness depends on particle size and grit.

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    Rubber Cup Method

    Technique using a rubber cup to remove stains from teeth crowns.

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    Dental Handpiece

    An air-driven tool used in polishing to apply polishing agents.

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    Prophy Angle Types

    Different angles of prophy attachments, including reusable models.

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    Handpiece Hose Position

    The hose should align straight for neutral hand positioning.

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    Study Notes

    Cosmetic Polishing Procedures

    • Coronal polishing is a cosmetic procedure aimed at removing extrinsic stains from tooth enamel.
    • A therapeutic procedure is a dental procedure used to maintain health or treat disease to restore health.
    • A cosmetic procedure is non-essential and undertaken for aesthetic reasons, improving appearance.
    • Coronal polishing offers no therapeutic benefit as dental stains do not cause periodontal disease, dental caries, or other oral diseases.
    • Historically, all teeth were polished at the completion of prophylaxis.
    • Researchers suggest coronal polishing is not necessary on a routine basis.
    • Over time, polishing can remove tooth structure, leading to morphological changes.
    • The ADHA and the American Academy of Periodontology include tooth polishing in their definitions of the term "oral prophylaxis."

    Types of Stains

    • Extrinsic stains occur on the outer surfaces of teeth, and the most common examples are chlorhexidine and tobacco stains.
    • Intrinsic stains occur within the enamel and cannot be removed by polishing.
    • Examples of intrinsic stains include tetracycline stains and stains from silver amalgams or endodontic (root canal) treatment.

    Precautions

    • Adverse effects of coronal polishing include: aerosol production and splatter, creation of bacteremia, and iatrogenic damage to tooth surfaces.
    • Dental aerosols are invisible airborne particles dispersed into the surrounding environment by dental equipment.
    • Spatter consists of airborne particles that land on people and objects. Polishing splatter includes polishing paste, microorganisms, and saliva.
    • Power-driven equipment should be used but with caution for patients with high susceptibility to infection, such as individuals with respiratory/pulmonary disease, immunocompromised, or debilitated individuals.
    • Patients and clinicians should use eyewear to protect their eyes from splatter.
    • Some constituents of prophylaxis pastes are chemicals that can cause inflammation in the eye.
    • Bacteremia is the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream.
    • Bacteria in the oral cavity can enter the bloodstream during hand or powered instrumentation and coronal polishing.
    • Individuals susceptible to bacteremia include those with damaged heart valves, prosthetic heart valves, prosthetic joint replacements, rheumatic heart disease, congenital heart disease, cardiac bypass surgery within the last six months, or dialysis patients.
    • Iatrogenic damage is a problem brought on by something a clinician does.

    Other Considerations

    • Stain removal uses an abrasive agent to remove the surface layer of enamel.
    • Tiny amounts of enamel are removed during polishing.
    • Minimizing the amount of tooth structure removed is essential.
    • Polishing areas of demineralization is contraindicated to prevent interrupting enamel surface remineralization.
    • Polishing generates heat, so use a wet agent with minimal pressure and low speed.
    • Primary teeth are vulnerable to heat generation during polishing due to their large pulp chambers.
    • Coronal polishing can injure gingiva if incorrect techniques are used.
    • Polishing of exposed cementum and dentin is contraindicated.
    • Tooth sensitivity may be common in affected areas.

    Polishing Procedures

    • Apply a sufficient amount of paste to 2-3 teeth at a time, applying more as you progress through the mouth.
    • Adapt the polishing cup carefully to all surfaces, keeping it parallel to the surface.
    • Maintain adaptation of the cup and keep the rim flared slightly.
    • Maintain a slow, constant speed.
    • Complete the procedure using an efficient and logical sequence.
    • Appropriate seating positions, illumination, and saliva ejectors can control aerosols.
    • Rinse the patient periodically for comfort.

    Fluoride Treatments

    • Fluoride varnish and trays prevent dental problems.
    • During fluoride application, ensure that the tray is placed so that the fluoride is in contact with teeth.

    Components of Polishing System

    • Includes dental handpieces, prophy angles, and cup attachments.

    Rubber Cup Method

    • A rubber cup filled with polishing agent removes extrinsic stains from tooth crowns.

    Clinical Application

    • Patient education on controlling stains from drinks, food, and tobacco cessation.
    • Proper brushing and flossing habits.
    • Scaling of stains.
    • Polishing with appropriate agents and techniques.

    Polishing Agents

    • Polishing agents are abrasive in nature, created by the shape, hardness, strength, and size of the particles.
    • Polishing pastes have a range of grit sizes (course to fine).
    • Use the least abrasive paste necessary to achieve desired results.
    • Polishing agents have enhancements like remineralization, hypersensitivity, and whitening.

    Types of Prophy Angles

    • Reusable Right-Angle: Straight shank to re-use; needs autoclaving between uses.
    • Disposable Right-Angle: Disposable after single use.
    • Contra-Angle: Bent shank to facilitate neutral wrist position.
    • Latch Type: Latch secures attachment to the angle.
    • Threaded Head: Attachment type with screws for attachment.

    Angle Attachments

    • The "working ends" or attachments that are applied.
    • Included webbed cups and ribbed cups and petite webbed cups.

    Other Notes

    • Polishing brushes, disposable all-in-one angles are also used.
    • Cup adaptation should be parallel to the surface of the tooth being treated.
    • Apply the rubber cup at the correct speed and pressure.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on dental polishing procedures and the safety precautions necessary for patients with compromised immune systems. This quiz covers potential risks, contraindications, and the effects of dental polishing on various patients. Learn about the relevance of safety measures like eyewear and the understanding of bacteremia in a dental context.

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