Dental Odontogenic Tumors

Odontogenic Tumors

Odontoma

• Most common odontogenic tumor
• Benign, non-aggressive
• Composed of enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp tissue
• Can be compound (multiple small teeth) or complex (single, irregular mass)
• Typically asymptomatic, discovered on routine radiographs
• Treatment: surgical removal, usually curative

Ameloblastoma

• Second most common odontogenic tumor
• Benign, but locally aggressive
• Arises from ameloblasts (tooth-forming cells)
• Can be solid or cystic, often with a mix of both
• Typically occurs in the mandible, often in the molar-ramus area
• Symptoms: swelling, pain, tooth mobility, and displacement
• Treatment: surgical removal, may require extensive resection

Cementoblastoma

• Rare, benign tumor
• Arises from cementoblasts (cementum-forming cells)
• Typically occurs in the root of a tooth, often in the mandible
• Radiographically, appears as a radiolucent lesion with a radiopaque center
• Symptoms: swelling, pain, tooth mobility, and sensitivity
• Treatment: surgical removal, including the associated tooth

Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor (KCOT)

• Also known as odontogenic keratocyst
• Benign, but locally aggressive and prone to recurrence
• Arises from the dental lamina or dental follicle
• Can be uni- or multi-locular, often with a cystic appearance
• Typically occurs in the mandible, often in the molar-ramus area
• Symptoms: swelling, pain, tooth mobility, and displacement
• Treatment: surgical removal, often with adjunctive therapies (e.g., Carnoy's solution)

Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor (AOT)

• Rare, benign tumor
• Arises from the dental lamina or dental follicle
• Typically occurs in the maxilla, often in the incisor-canine area
• Radiographically, appears as a well-defined radiolucency
• Symptoms: swelling, pain, tooth mobility, and displacement
• Treatment: surgical removal, often with preservation of adjacent teeth

Odontogenic Tumors

Odontoma

• Most common type of odontogenic tumor
• Composed of enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp tissue
• Can be compound (multiple small teeth) or complex (single, irregular mass)
• Typically asymptomatic, discovered on routine radiographs
• Treatment: surgical removal, usually curative

Ameloblastoma

• Second most common type of odontogenic tumor
• Arises from ameloblasts (tooth-forming cells)
• Can be solid or cystic, often with a mix of both
• Typically occurs in the mandible, often in the molar-ramus area
• Symptoms: swelling, pain, tooth mobility, and displacement
• Treatment: surgical removal, may require extensive resection

Cementoblastoma

• Rare, benign tumor
• Arises from cementoblasts (cementum-forming cells)
• Typically occurs in the root of a tooth, often in the mandible
• Radiographically, appears as a radiolucent lesion with a radiopaque center
• Symptoms: swelling, pain, tooth mobility, and sensitivity
• Treatment: surgical removal, including the associated tooth

Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor (KCOT)

• Also known as odontogenic keratocyst
• Benign, but locally aggressive and prone to recurrence
• Arises from the dental lamina or dental follicle
• Can be uni- or multi-locular, often with a cystic appearance
• Typically occurs in the mandible, often in the molar-ramus area
• Symptoms: swelling, pain, tooth mobility, and displacement
• Treatment: surgical removal, often with adjunctive therapies

Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor (AOT)

• Rare, benign tumor
• Arises from the dental lamina or dental follicle
• Typically occurs in the maxilla, often in the incisor-canine area
• Radiographically, appears as a well-defined radiolucency
• Symptoms: swelling, pain, tooth mobility, and displacement
• Treatment: surgical removal, often with preservation of adjacent teeth