Dental Materials: Glass Ionomer Cements Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary adverse effect associated with the use of dental cements like glass ionomer cements (GICs)?

  • Dissolving in the oral environment (correct)
  • Adhesive failure in moist conditions
  • Release of antibacterial properties
  • Inability to withstand compressive forces

    • Which of the following dental materials has the highest compressive strength based on the provided data?

  • Chemfill-II (De Trey) (correct)
  • Ketac-Fil (ESPE)
  • Legend (SS White)
  • Opus-Fil (DSD)

    • Fluoride release from GICs is believed to enhance the resistance to what dental issue?

  • Tooth sensitivity
  • Plaque accumulation
  • Cavity formation (correct)
  • Gingival recession

    • What is the maximum particle size for filling materials in GICs?

    <p>50µm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of GIC contributes to its anticariogenic properties?

    <p>Fluoride ionic release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which acid is NOT commonly associated with glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>Citric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered when selecting the shade of tooth-colored GICs?

    <p>The type of rubber dam used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does polyacid concentration affect the strength of GICs?

    <p>Strength increases with increased polyacid concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the rate of ion release from the glass used in GICs?

    <p>Type of glass utilized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary applications for GICs?

    <p>Repair of crown margins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the shade of GICs change during the setting process?

    <p>It becomes slightly darker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant disadvantage of reducing powder content in GICs?

    <p>It leads to weaker, slower-setting cements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which copolymer is new and considered stronger than traditional copolymers used in GICs?

    <p>Vinyl phosphonic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does tartaric acid have in glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>Significantly affects working and setting time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is used in GICs to achieve suitable handling characteristics?

    <p>Alumino-silicate glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily drives the final hardening reaction of glass ionomer cement (GIC)?

    <p>Aluminium ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the gelation phase of GIC setting, which ion has a more favorable reaction with carboxyl groups?

    <p>Calcium ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What issue can arise from contamination of GICs during their initial setting phase?

    <p>Color change and crumbling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does the hardening phase of GIC typically last?

    <p>7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it critical to protect GICs from moisture during the initial setting period?

    <p>It minimizes the risk of dissolution and contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors has a pronounced effect on the setting process of GIC?

    <p>The composition of glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential enhancement for the cross-linking capability of polyacid molecules in GIC?

    <p>Zinc-containing fillers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What detrimental effect can occur if GICs are not preserved from drying?

    <p>Loss of components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the critical factors influencing the selection of glass for GIC formulations?

    <p>Handling characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do calcium and aluminium ions affect the setting process in GICs?

    <p>Calcium ions promote initial gelation while aluminium ions drive hardening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily contained in the liquid component of anhydrous glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>Distilled water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a significant challenge in the use of glass-ionomer cements during clinical procedures?

    <p>Difficulty in achieving the correct powder-to-liquid ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reaction describes the setting process of glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>Acid-base reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the release of calcium ions faster than aluminium ions in the setting of glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>Calcium ions are loosely bound in the glass structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential disadvantage of using pre-proportioned capsules for glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>They can be considered wasteful</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ions are released as sodium fluoride during the setting reaction of glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>Sodium and fluorine ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following stages is NOT part of the setting reaction process of glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>Evaporation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the aluminium, calcium, sodium and fluorine ions during the setting reaction of glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>They deplete, leading to the formation of a silica gel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes a characteristic of glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>They require rigorous mixing to incorporate the powder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does varying the powder-liquid ratio have on glass-ionomer cements?

    <p>It affects the mechanical properties and setting time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason GICs are considered advantageous over phosphoric acid-based cements?

    <p>They bond to enamel and dentin and release fluoride.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT part of the main composition of Glass-Ionomer Cements?

    <p>Zinc oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the introduction of GICs in the 1970s impact the dental materials available at the time?

    <p>They provided a more complex formulation than zinc-phosphate cements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a significant aspect of the processing of GIC glass composition?

    <p>It undergoes a melting and rapid cooling process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes resin-modified glass-ionomer cements (RMGICs) from traditional GICs?

    <p>RMGICs set with light activation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which application of GICs involves their use as a core material?

    <p>Cavity bases and liners in deciduous dentition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily limits the composition of GIC glasses to a specific region in a phase diagram?

    <p>The requirement for translucency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the first commercial products developed for GICs?

    <p>ASPA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is essential in GICs for achieving optimal bonding?

    <p>Polyacrylic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Glass-ionomer Cements (GICs)

    • GICs are polyalkenoate cements, frequently referred to as glass polyalkenoate cements (RMGIcs)
    • GICs are a group of restorative materials that consist of a powder and a liquid
    • The powder is a glass, and the liquid is usually a polycarboxylic acid
    • GICs are a fluoride-releasing, intrinsically adhesive, bulk-filling material
    • They are used for various dental applications
    • They are available in three formulations: traditional powder-liquid, anhydrous systems with dried powder, and encapsulated versions
    • GICs have a number of advantages, including their fluoride release, the ability to bond directly to tooth structure, and shorter working and setting times, compared to other dental cements
    • GICs have a low diametral tensile strength, which can often be a disadvantage in situations with high tensile loads

    Fluoride Release

    • The fact that dental cements dissolve in the oral environment, it leads to degradation and radiation by acid dissolution
    • GICs release fluoride by an ion exchange mechanism, which is believed to increase the fluoride release of the restoration
    • Factors like adjacent restorations, tooth structure affect the release of fluoride
    • The release of fluoride is a function of the type of glass employed

    Setting Reaction

    • The setting reaction of GICs is an acid-base reaction
    • The setting process of a GIC involves three overlapping stages: dissolution, gelation, and hardening
    • The calcium and aluminum ions are released from the glass more rapidly than the other ions
    • The setting reaction of the glass and polyacid creates a silica gel
    • The material takes some time to fully set, often up to 24 hours.

    Shade Selection

    • The aesthetic quality of the tooth-coloured GICs is considered a drawback, but there has been a marked improvement
    • The choice of shade and isolation prior to application may alter the colour of the tooth
    • Change in shade is, during the setting process
    • There can be a colour change due to increase in translucency during the setting process, with the shade becoming slightly darker after placement.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on glass ionomer cements (GICs) with this quiz. Explore various aspects including their properties, applications, and the science behind their use in dentistry. Understand the importance of factors like fluoride release and compressive strength.

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