Dental Materials and Procedures Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the first step in the doffing procedure for PPE?

  • Gloves (correct)
  • Face Shield
  • Gown
  • Mask

    • Carbide burs have a higher grit and a higher number of blades compared to diamond burs.

    True

    What is the primary purpose of rubber dams in dentistry?

    Field isolation

    The maxilla is located at the ______ of the jaw.

    <p>top</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following clamps is designed for gingival retraction?

    <p>#212</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of dentition with the total number of teeth.

    <p>Primary/Deciduous = 20 Permanent = 32 Diphyodont = 2 sets Succedaneous = Permanent teeth replacing deciduous teeth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Winged clamps are used specifically for molars.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List the three parts of a bur.

    <p>Head, Neck, Shank</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of coupling agents (silanes) in dental materials?

    <p>To connect the matrix and filler particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fluorescence involves shorter wavelength absorption and reflection.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of initiators in dental materials?

    <p>To speed up the curing process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ____ is used as a polymerization initiator breaking its O-O bond to produce free radicals.

    <p>Benzoyl Peroxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following polymerization terms with their definitions:

    <p>Initiation = Start of the polymerization process Propagation = Continuation of the polymerization reaction Termination = End of the polymerization process Chain Transfer = Transfer of the chain to another molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors contributes to polymerization shrinkage?

    <p>Bonded surfaces/unbonded surfaces ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Elderly patients typically have more enamel, causing their teeth to appear darker.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common effect of polymerization shrinkage?

    <p>Debonding, gaps, microleakage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To match the shade of dental materials, practitioners often use a _____ guide.

    <p>Shade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the polymerization shrinkage percentage range as monomers get closer together?

    <p>2-10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for the use of posterior composite restorations?

    <p>Primary carious lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Composite restorations have a higher fracture toughness compared to indirect restorations.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of etching methods mentioned for adhesive systems?

    <p>Total etch and self etch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ________ is a self-cured temporary direct restoration material that inhibits polymerization.

    <p>Zinc-Oxide Eugenol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an advantage of composite restorations?

    <p>Conservative approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the contraindications with their descriptions:

    <p>Large restorations = Use indirect restoration Inadequate isolation = Poor bond strength Heavy occlusal stress = Increased fracture risk High caries risk = Likelihood of future decay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The first step in the protocol for posterior composite restoration is to check occlusion.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The adhesive system involves using __________ etchant during the cavity preparation.

    <p>35% phosphoric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of tooth preparation?

    <p>Preserve healthy tooth structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Abfraction is caused by chemical action on the tooth.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one feature of Convenience Form in tooth preparation.

    <p>Accessibility for the procedure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Class III caries are categorized as M/D/L/F with no ____ on anterior.

    <p>I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following loupe types with their characteristics:

    <p>Simple Lens = Prone to distortion and magnifies objects Compound/Galilean Lens = No distortion, limited magnification due to length Prismatic/Kepler Lens = Multiple convex lenses, image can be angled Through-the-lens (TTL) Loupes = Custom-made, closest to eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following steps focuses on enhancing stability of a restoration?

    <p>Primary Resistance Form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Erosion is defined as friction with external objects.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of debridement in tooth preparation?

    <p>To clean the area before final procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The smallest distance between two points that can be distinguished is called ___.

    <p>Resolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about microscopes used in dental practice?

    <p>They eliminate the need for declination angle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about enamel tufts is true?

    <p>Enamel tufts provide cushioning due to their hypomineralized nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dental fluorosis results in increased enamel porosity along Retzius lines.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of dentin?

    <p>Primary, Secondary, Tertiary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The main protein found in organic components of dentin is __________.

    <p>Type I collagen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of dentin with its characteristics:

    <p>Primary = Initial dentin formed after tooth eruption Secondary = Formed throughout the life of the tooth Tertiary = Formed in response to injury Sclerotic = Mineralized due to occlusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of dentin?

    <p>50% inorganic, 30% organic, 20% water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Amelogenesis Imperfecta is a condition that affects the quantity of enamel present.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify one common disorder associated with dentin.

    <p>Dentinogenesis Imperfecta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ process involves the reaction of odontoblasts to stimuli leading to the formation of tertiary dentin.

    <p>reactionary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes enamel lamellae?

    <p>Fissure-like projections further from the DEJ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary curing mechanism of Light-cured Resin?

    <p>Light-cured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calcium Sulfate (gypsum) has a short setting time of 2 minutes.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Cavity Liner in Glass Ionomer Cements?

    <p>To cover prep walls, seal tubules and pulp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The three stages of tooth development are Bud, ____, and Bell.

    <p>Cap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following materials with their applications:

    <p>Resin Modified Glass Ionomer = Cavity restoration Calcium Sulfate = Temporary filling Light-cured Resin = Inlays and onlays Glass Ionomer Cements = Dental lining and base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the predominant inorganic component of enamel?

    <p>Hydroxyapatite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ameloblasts are responsible for the secretion of enamel rods.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average thickness of enamel in the Incisal 1/3 region?

    <p>0.8 - 1.0 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Enamel is composed of _____% inorganic matter.

    <p>88</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the enamel structures with their descriptions:

    <p>Striae of Retzius = Incremental growth lines Hunter-Schreger Bands = Structural adaptation increasing strength Enamel Cross Striations = Daily deposition of enamel Aprismatic Enamel = No pronounced rods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is included in the composition of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer?

    <p>HEMA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fluoride released from Glass Ionomer Cements can form fluoroapatite over time.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the Maturation Stage of amelogenesis?

    <p>More minerals are secreted to harden enamel rods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ has a mixing time of 10 seconds in Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cements.

    <p>Fuji 2LC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Lecture 1 - Intro to Cario, PPE

    • PPE Protocol involves donning (putting on) and doffing (taking off) personal protective equipment.
    • Donning sequence: gown, mask, goggles/loupes, face shield, gloves.
    • Doffing sequence: gloves, face shield, goggles/loupes, mask, gown.

    Lecture 2 - Burs and Handpieces

    • Bur Anatomy includes the head, neck, and shank.
    • Materials used for burs include carbide, diamond, steel, and ceramic.
    • Grit size is described as diamond ^ grit, v microns and carbide ^ grit, ^ # of blades.
    • Handpiece data:
      • Friction Grip (FG): 1.6 mm, 1:5 gear ratio, 500-200,000 speed range, 0.7 Ncm torque
      • Right-Angle Latch (RA): 2.35 mm, 1:1 gear ratio, 60-40,000 speed range, 3.5 Ncm torque
      • Bur Width
      • Gear Ratio
      • Speed Range
      • Torque

    Lecture 3 - Rubber Dam

    • Field Isolation
      • Relative isolation - uses cotton rolls, gauze, HVE, saliva ejectors, etc.
      • Absolute isolation - uses rubber dams to reduce airborne particles (90-98% w/ HVE)
    • Rubber Dam Clamps
      • Types: Butterfly (anteriors), Winged (canines and premolars), Wingless (molars) for specific teeth
    • Placement Techniques
      • Entire set (clamp, rubber dam, frame) placed at once
      • Ingraham Technique - clamp and rubber dam placed first, then frame
      • Clamp First - place clamp, then rubber dam + frame
      • Rubber Dam First - place rubber dam + frame, then clamp

    Lecture 4 - Tooth Nomenclature

    • Dentition
      • Maxilla (on top), mandible (on bottom)
    • Tooth Types and Numbering
      • Primary/Deciduous (20 teeth), Permanent (32 teeth)
      • Incisors, canines, premolars, molars
      • Universal numbering system uses letters and numbers from upper right quadrant
    • Tooth Curvatures
      • Curve of Spee (anterior/posterior)
      • Curve of Wilson/Mesiolateral (lingual)
    • Tooth Numbering Systems
      • Universal system
      • FDI system (international)

    Lecture 5 - Tooth Structures/Anatomy

    • Tooth Anatomy
      • Diastema - space between teeth
      • Embrasure - triangular spaces between teeth (faciolingually, incisal/occlusal, cervical)

    Lecture 6 - Resin Composites

    • Matrix (organic component) - glue-like material ending in dimethyl acrylate and thickest is BIS-GMA.
    • Filler (inorganic component) - quartz, lithium aluminum silicate, zirconia, glasses.
    • Size/concentration facts: Size decrease + percentage of FP increases. Current nano-hybrid (2-7.5 nm @ 72-78% comp. weight) is common
    • Filtek Supreme XT is a specific example with 78.5% filler, good for polishing, high strength.
    • Coupling agents (silane) - connect filler and matrix.
    • Optical modifiers (inorganic) - pigments for shade matching.
    • Fluorescence -Longer wavelength absorption/reflection
    • Opalescence- shorter wavelength scattering
    • Opacity- measure of light impenetrability
    • Halo- translucency at incisal edge

    Lecture 7 - Cavity Classifications and Principles of Cavity Preparation

    • Caries Classification:
      • Class I (occlusal), Class II (proximal), Class III (proximal), Class IV (proximal), Class V (gingival), Class VI (incisal and/or cusp tip)
    • Objectives of Tooth Preparation: (1) preserve, (2) remove, (3) provide, (4) re-implant

    Lecture 8 - Magnification

    • Resolution - the smallest distance between 2 points that can be perceived separately
    • Ergonomic positioning (1-4), each position = 15 deg increase
    • Head angle = head tilt angle
    • Loupes types - simplex, compound/Galilean, prismatic/Kepler
    • Magnification is through lenses
    • Through-the-lens (TTL) Loupes are custom made for close eye distance.

    Lecture 9 - Posterior Composite Restorations

    • Composite Advantages: aesthetics, conservative, lower risk of microleakage, increased strength.
    • Composite Disadvantages: shrinkage, lower fracture toughness, more technique sensitive.

    Lecture 10 - Temporary Direct Restorations

    • Zinc-Oxide Eugenol, Calcium Sulfate(ie CAVIT), Light-cured Resin (ie Telio Onlay 20s LC), Glass Ionomer Cements.

    Lecture 11 - Enamel and Dentin

    • Stages of Tooth Development: Bud, Cap, Bell.
    • Structure: Enamel and the tooth development, ameloblasts, enamel rods, HA crystals Organic - amelogenin, ameloblastin, enamelin, tuftlelin.

    Lecture 12 - Caries

    • Caries Composition: microbial interactions with fermentable carbs.
    • Factors: Vertical & Horizontal transmission, oral flora, protective factors(saliva, protein), pathological factors (acidogenic bacterial, fermentable carbs, xerostomia).
    • Stephan Curve: shows critical value where enamel is demineralized. Time impacts more than overall concentration.

    Lecture 13 - Dental Adhesion

    • Enameling and Dentin require modifications for bonding
    • Smear layer - layer made by handpiece on dentin. Impedes bonding and made of amorphous material (1-5um), residual debris, and oil.
    • Carbide burs are greater than diamond burs in damaging the enamel.
    • Etch is typically 35% Phosphoric acid to create more surface area, decalcifying the enamel.
    • Primer is used to diffuse the etchant.
    • Bifunctional monomers are materials that are hydrophilic to enamel/dentin, but hydrophobic to resin.
    • Solvent removes water and allows for better bond.

    Lecture 14 - Ergonomics

    • MS Disorders Prevalence: 62% dentists, 28% surgeons, 10% physicians
    • Early Retirement Age prevalence: 15% under 40
    • Areas of MS disorder prevalence: Neck: 70-80%, Shoulder: 65-75%, Low-Back: 60-70%, Hand/Wrist: 60-70%, Arm/Hand: 40-50%

    Lecture 15 - CAMBRA/ Caries Risk

    • Protective Factors (SAFER), Risk Factors (BAD): bad bacteria, absence of saliva, destructive habits, indicators, etc.

    Lecture 16 - Fluorescence/Radiographic Methods

    • Diagnodent, Quantitative Light Fluorescence (QLF), SIROInspect, etc.

    Lecture 17 - Polymerization

    • Polymerization definition, Photoinitiators, etc.

    Lecture 18 - Non-Invasive Caries Management (emphasis on diet/sugars)

    • Types of sugars (Polysaccharides/Disaccharides)

    Lecture 19 - Caries Excavation

    • Zone of destruction, reactionary/reparative, demineralization, different stages of caries.

    Lecture 20 - Resin Infiltration

    • When to use Resin Infiltration (CODE D2990***), stages of progression, etc.

    Lecture 21 - Clinical Considerations for Resin Infiltration

    • Factors that affect Resin Infiltration: time, contact angle, surface tension, viscosity, radius, and diffusion paths.

    Lecture 22 - Indications for Interproximal Infiltration

    • Protocol for interproximal resin infiltration, refractive indices, etc.

    Lecture 23 - Bleaching Through Resin Infiltration

    • Results of bleaching through resin infiltration (graph).

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on dental materials, procedures, and anatomy with this quiz. It covers topics such as PPE doffing, rubber dams, bur parts, and polymerization in dentistry. Perfect for dental students and professionals looking to refresh their understanding.

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