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Questions and Answers
What is the first step in the doffing procedure for PPE?
What is the first step in the doffing procedure for PPE?
- Gloves (correct)
- Face Shield
- Gown
- Mask
Carbide burs have a higher grit and a higher number of blades compared to diamond burs.
Carbide burs have a higher grit and a higher number of blades compared to diamond burs.
True (A)
What is the primary purpose of rubber dams in dentistry?
What is the primary purpose of rubber dams in dentistry?
Field isolation
The maxilla is located at the ______ of the jaw.
The maxilla is located at the ______ of the jaw.
Which of the following clamps is designed for gingival retraction?
Which of the following clamps is designed for gingival retraction?
Match the type of dentition with the total number of teeth.
Match the type of dentition with the total number of teeth.
Winged clamps are used specifically for molars.
Winged clamps are used specifically for molars.
List the three parts of a bur.
List the three parts of a bur.
What is the purpose of coupling agents (silanes) in dental materials?
What is the purpose of coupling agents (silanes) in dental materials?
Fluorescence involves shorter wavelength absorption and reflection.
Fluorescence involves shorter wavelength absorption and reflection.
What is the role of initiators in dental materials?
What is the role of initiators in dental materials?
____ is used as a polymerization initiator breaking its O-O bond to produce free radicals.
____ is used as a polymerization initiator breaking its O-O bond to produce free radicals.
Match the following polymerization terms with their definitions:
Match the following polymerization terms with their definitions:
Which of the following factors contributes to polymerization shrinkage?
Which of the following factors contributes to polymerization shrinkage?
Elderly patients typically have more enamel, causing their teeth to appear darker.
Elderly patients typically have more enamel, causing their teeth to appear darker.
What is a common effect of polymerization shrinkage?
What is a common effect of polymerization shrinkage?
To match the shade of dental materials, practitioners often use a _____ guide.
To match the shade of dental materials, practitioners often use a _____ guide.
What is the polymerization shrinkage percentage range as monomers get closer together?
What is the polymerization shrinkage percentage range as monomers get closer together?
Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for the use of posterior composite restorations?
Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for the use of posterior composite restorations?
Composite restorations have a higher fracture toughness compared to indirect restorations.
Composite restorations have a higher fracture toughness compared to indirect restorations.
What are the two types of etching methods mentioned for adhesive systems?
What are the two types of etching methods mentioned for adhesive systems?
________ is a self-cured temporary direct restoration material that inhibits polymerization.
________ is a self-cured temporary direct restoration material that inhibits polymerization.
Which of the following is an advantage of composite restorations?
Which of the following is an advantage of composite restorations?
Match the contraindications with their descriptions:
Match the contraindications with their descriptions:
The first step in the protocol for posterior composite restoration is to check occlusion.
The first step in the protocol for posterior composite restoration is to check occlusion.
The adhesive system involves using __________ etchant during the cavity preparation.
The adhesive system involves using __________ etchant during the cavity preparation.
What is the main objective of tooth preparation?
What is the main objective of tooth preparation?
Abfraction is caused by chemical action on the tooth.
Abfraction is caused by chemical action on the tooth.
Name one feature of Convenience Form in tooth preparation.
Name one feature of Convenience Form in tooth preparation.
Class III caries are categorized as M/D/L/F with no ____ on anterior.
Class III caries are categorized as M/D/L/F with no ____ on anterior.
Match the following loupe types with their characteristics:
Match the following loupe types with their characteristics:
Which of the following steps focuses on enhancing stability of a restoration?
Which of the following steps focuses on enhancing stability of a restoration?
Erosion is defined as friction with external objects.
Erosion is defined as friction with external objects.
What is the purpose of debridement in tooth preparation?
What is the purpose of debridement in tooth preparation?
The smallest distance between two points that can be distinguished is called ___.
The smallest distance between two points that can be distinguished is called ___.
Which of the following statements is true about microscopes used in dental practice?
Which of the following statements is true about microscopes used in dental practice?
Which of the following statements about enamel tufts is true?
Which of the following statements about enamel tufts is true?
Dental fluorosis results in increased enamel porosity along Retzius lines.
Dental fluorosis results in increased enamel porosity along Retzius lines.
What are the three types of dentin?
What are the three types of dentin?
The main protein found in organic components of dentin is __________.
The main protein found in organic components of dentin is __________.
Match the type of dentin with its characteristics:
Match the type of dentin with its characteristics:
What is the composition of dentin?
What is the composition of dentin?
Amelogenesis Imperfecta is a condition that affects the quantity of enamel present.
Amelogenesis Imperfecta is a condition that affects the quantity of enamel present.
Identify one common disorder associated with dentin.
Identify one common disorder associated with dentin.
The __________ process involves the reaction of odontoblasts to stimuli leading to the formation of tertiary dentin.
The __________ process involves the reaction of odontoblasts to stimuli leading to the formation of tertiary dentin.
Which of the following best describes enamel lamellae?
Which of the following best describes enamel lamellae?
What is the primary curing mechanism of Light-cured Resin?
What is the primary curing mechanism of Light-cured Resin?
Calcium Sulfate (gypsum) has a short setting time of 2 minutes.
Calcium Sulfate (gypsum) has a short setting time of 2 minutes.
What is the purpose of a Cavity Liner in Glass Ionomer Cements?
What is the purpose of a Cavity Liner in Glass Ionomer Cements?
The three stages of tooth development are Bud, ____, and Bell.
The three stages of tooth development are Bud, ____, and Bell.
Match the following materials with their applications:
Match the following materials with their applications:
What is the predominant inorganic component of enamel?
What is the predominant inorganic component of enamel?
Ameloblasts are responsible for the secretion of enamel rods.
Ameloblasts are responsible for the secretion of enamel rods.
What is the average thickness of enamel in the Incisal 1/3 region?
What is the average thickness of enamel in the Incisal 1/3 region?
Enamel is composed of _____% inorganic matter.
Enamel is composed of _____% inorganic matter.
Match the enamel structures with their descriptions:
Match the enamel structures with their descriptions:
Which component is included in the composition of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer?
Which component is included in the composition of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer?
Fluoride released from Glass Ionomer Cements can form fluoroapatite over time.
Fluoride released from Glass Ionomer Cements can form fluoroapatite over time.
What happens during the Maturation Stage of amelogenesis?
What happens during the Maturation Stage of amelogenesis?
The _____ has a mixing time of 10 seconds in Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cements.
The _____ has a mixing time of 10 seconds in Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cements.
Flashcards
PPE Donning/Doffing Protocol
PPE Donning/Doffing Protocol
The specific steps for putting on (donning) and taking off (doffing) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), like gowns, masks, and gloves, in a dental setting.
Bur Anatomy
Bur Anatomy
The parts of a dental bur, crucial for understanding bur use.
Absolute Isolation Technique
Absolute Isolation Technique
Using a rubber dam to create a barrier isolating a tooth for better treatment.
Rubber Dam Clamps: Types
Rubber Dam Clamps: Types
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Maxilla and Mandible
Maxilla and Mandible
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Primary vs. Permanent Teeth
Primary vs. Permanent Teeth
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Succedaneous Teeth
Succedaneous Teeth
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Non-Succedaneous Teeth
Non-Succedaneous Teeth
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Coupling Agents (Silanes)
Coupling Agents (Silanes)
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Optical Modifiers (Inorganic)
Optical Modifiers (Inorganic)
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Fluorescence
Fluorescence
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Opalescence
Opalescence
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Opacity
Opacity
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Polymerization
Polymerization
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Polymerization Shrinkage
Polymerization Shrinkage
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C-Factor
C-Factor
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Class I Caries
Class I Caries
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Class II Caries
Class II Caries
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Composite Restorations
Composite Restorations
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Composite Advantages
Composite Advantages
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Composite Disadvantages
Composite Disadvantages
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Composite Placement Protocol
Composite Placement Protocol
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Temporary Direct Restorations
Temporary Direct Restorations
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Zinc-Oxide Eugenol
Zinc-Oxide Eugenol
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Etching (Composite Placement)
Etching (Composite Placement)
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Cavity Preparation
Cavity Preparation
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Class III Preparation
Class III Preparation
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Class IV Preparation
Class IV Preparation
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Abfraction
Abfraction
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Point Angles
Point Angles
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Objectives of Tooth Preparation
Objectives of Tooth Preparation
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Initial Depth & Outline Form
Initial Depth & Outline Form
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Primary Resistance Form
Primary Resistance Form
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Primary Retention Form
Primary Retention Form
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Resolution (Vision)
Resolution (Vision)
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Declination Angle
Declination Angle
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Enamel's Hardest Layer
Enamel's Hardest Layer
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Inner Enamel Characteristics
Inner Enamel Characteristics
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Enamel Tufts
Enamel Tufts
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Enamel Lamellae
Enamel Lamellae
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Dental Fluorosis: What is it?
Dental Fluorosis: What is it?
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Amelogenesis Imperfecta: Types
Amelogenesis Imperfecta: Types
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DEJ: Scalloped Appearance
DEJ: Scalloped Appearance
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Dentin Composition
Dentin Composition
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Dentinal Tubules: What are they?
Dentinal Tubules: What are they?
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Peritubular Dentin: Hardness
Peritubular Dentin: Hardness
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What is the difference between GIC and RMGIC?
What is the difference between GIC and RMGIC?
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What are the benefits of a cavity liner?
What are the benefits of a cavity liner?
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What are the stages of tooth development?
What are the stages of tooth development?
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Enamel Composition
Enamel Composition
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Amelogenesis
Amelogenesis
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Enamel Rods
Enamel Rods
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Hunter-Schreger Bands (HSBs)
Hunter-Schreger Bands (HSBs)
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What are Striae of Retzius?
What are Striae of Retzius?
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What are Enamel Cross Striations?
What are Enamel Cross Striations?
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What is Aprismatic Enamel?
What is Aprismatic Enamel?
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What are Fuji 2LC and Fuji Triage?
What are Fuji 2LC and Fuji Triage?
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What are the key differences between GIC, RMGIC, and Compomers?
What are the key differences between GIC, RMGIC, and Compomers?
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What is the advantage of dual-curing in restorative materials?
What is the advantage of dual-curing in restorative materials?
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What is the role of HEMA in RMGIC?
What is the role of HEMA in RMGIC?
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Why is moisture sensitivity important for GICs?
Why is moisture sensitivity important for GICs?
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What is the powder to liquid ratio for GICs?
What is the powder to liquid ratio for GICs?
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Study Notes
Lecture 1 - Intro to Cario, PPE
- PPE Protocol involves donning (putting on) and doffing (taking off) personal protective equipment.
- Donning sequence: gown, mask, goggles/loupes, face shield, gloves.
- Doffing sequence: gloves, face shield, goggles/loupes, mask, gown.
Lecture 2 - Burs and Handpieces
- Bur Anatomy includes the head, neck, and shank.
- Materials used for burs include carbide, diamond, steel, and ceramic.
- Grit size is described as diamond ^ grit, v microns and carbide ^ grit, ^ # of blades.
- Handpiece data:
- Friction Grip (FG): 1.6 mm, 1:5 gear ratio, 500-200,000 speed range, 0.7 Ncm torque
- Right-Angle Latch (RA): 2.35 mm, 1:1 gear ratio, 60-40,000 speed range, 3.5 Ncm torque
- Bur Width
- Gear Ratio
- Speed Range
- Torque
Lecture 3 - Rubber Dam
- Field Isolation
- Relative isolation - uses cotton rolls, gauze, HVE, saliva ejectors, etc.
- Absolute isolation - uses rubber dams to reduce airborne particles (90-98% w/ HVE)
- Rubber Dam Clamps
- Types: Butterfly (anteriors), Winged (canines and premolars), Wingless (molars) for specific teeth
- Placement Techniques
- Entire set (clamp, rubber dam, frame) placed at once
- Ingraham Technique - clamp and rubber dam placed first, then frame
- Clamp First - place clamp, then rubber dam + frame
- Rubber Dam First - place rubber dam + frame, then clamp
Lecture 4 - Tooth Nomenclature
- Dentition
- Maxilla (on top), mandible (on bottom)
- Tooth Types and Numbering
- Primary/Deciduous (20 teeth), Permanent (32 teeth)
- Incisors, canines, premolars, molars
- Universal numbering system uses letters and numbers from upper right quadrant
- Tooth Curvatures
- Curve of Spee (anterior/posterior)
- Curve of Wilson/Mesiolateral (lingual)
- Tooth Numbering Systems
- Universal system
- FDI system (international)
Lecture 5 - Tooth Structures/Anatomy
- Tooth Anatomy
- Diastema - space between teeth
- Embrasure - triangular spaces between teeth (faciolingually, incisal/occlusal, cervical)
Lecture 6 - Resin Composites
- Matrix (organic component) - glue-like material ending in dimethyl acrylate and thickest is BIS-GMA.
- Filler (inorganic component) - quartz, lithium aluminum silicate, zirconia, glasses.
- Size/concentration facts: Size decrease + percentage of FP increases. Current nano-hybrid (2-7.5 nm @ 72-78% comp. weight) is common
- Filtek Supreme XT is a specific example with 78.5% filler, good for polishing, high strength.
- Coupling agents (silane) - connect filler and matrix.
- Optical modifiers (inorganic) - pigments for shade matching.
- Fluorescence -Longer wavelength absorption/reflection
- Opalescence- shorter wavelength scattering
- Opacity- measure of light impenetrability
- Halo- translucency at incisal edge
Lecture 7 - Cavity Classifications and Principles of Cavity Preparation
- Caries Classification:
- Class I (occlusal), Class II (proximal), Class III (proximal), Class IV (proximal), Class V (gingival), Class VI (incisal and/or cusp tip)
- Objectives of Tooth Preparation: (1) preserve, (2) remove, (3) provide, (4) re-implant
Lecture 8 - Magnification
- Resolution - the smallest distance between 2 points that can be perceived separately
- Ergonomic positioning (1-4), each position = 15 deg increase
- Head angle = head tilt angle
- Loupes types - simplex, compound/Galilean, prismatic/Kepler
- Magnification is through lenses
- Through-the-lens (TTL) Loupes are custom made for close eye distance.
Lecture 9 - Posterior Composite Restorations
- Composite Advantages: aesthetics, conservative, lower risk of microleakage, increased strength.
- Composite Disadvantages: shrinkage, lower fracture toughness, more technique sensitive.
Lecture 10 - Temporary Direct Restorations
- Zinc-Oxide Eugenol, Calcium Sulfate(ie CAVIT), Light-cured Resin (ie Telio Onlay 20s LC), Glass Ionomer Cements.
Lecture 11 - Enamel and Dentin
- Stages of Tooth Development: Bud, Cap, Bell.
- Structure: Enamel and the tooth development, ameloblasts, enamel rods, HA crystals Organic - amelogenin, ameloblastin, enamelin, tuftlelin.
Lecture 12 - Caries
- Caries Composition: microbial interactions with fermentable carbs.
- Factors: Vertical & Horizontal transmission, oral flora, protective factors(saliva, protein), pathological factors (acidogenic bacterial, fermentable carbs, xerostomia).
- Stephan Curve: shows critical value where enamel is demineralized. Time impacts more than overall concentration.
Lecture 13 - Dental Adhesion
- Enameling and Dentin require modifications for bonding
- Smear layer - layer made by handpiece on dentin. Impedes bonding and made of amorphous material (1-5um), residual debris, and oil.
- Carbide burs are greater than diamond burs in damaging the enamel.
- Etch is typically 35% Phosphoric acid to create more surface area, decalcifying the enamel.
- Primer is used to diffuse the etchant.
- Bifunctional monomers are materials that are hydrophilic to enamel/dentin, but hydrophobic to resin.
- Solvent removes water and allows for better bond.
Lecture 14 - Ergonomics
- MS Disorders Prevalence: 62% dentists, 28% surgeons, 10% physicians
- Early Retirement Age prevalence: 15% under 40
- Areas of MS disorder prevalence: Neck: 70-80%, Shoulder: 65-75%, Low-Back: 60-70%, Hand/Wrist: 60-70%, Arm/Hand: 40-50%
Lecture 15 - CAMBRA/ Caries Risk
- Protective Factors (SAFER), Risk Factors (BAD): bad bacteria, absence of saliva, destructive habits, indicators, etc.
Lecture 16 - Fluorescence/Radiographic Methods
- Diagnodent, Quantitative Light Fluorescence (QLF), SIROInspect, etc.
Lecture 17 - Polymerization
- Polymerization definition, Photoinitiators, etc.
Lecture 18 - Non-Invasive Caries Management (emphasis on diet/sugars)
- Types of sugars (Polysaccharides/Disaccharides)
Lecture 19 - Caries Excavation
- Zone of destruction, reactionary/reparative, demineralization, different stages of caries.
Lecture 20 - Resin Infiltration
- When to use Resin Infiltration (CODE D2990***), stages of progression, etc.
Lecture 21 - Clinical Considerations for Resin Infiltration
- Factors that affect Resin Infiltration: time, contact angle, surface tension, viscosity, radius, and diffusion paths.
Lecture 22 - Indications for Interproximal Infiltration
- Protocol for interproximal resin infiltration, refractive indices, etc.
Lecture 23 - Bleaching Through Resin Infiltration
- Results of bleaching through resin infiltration (graph).
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Description
Test your knowledge on dental materials, procedures, and anatomy with this quiz. It covers topics such as PPE doffing, rubber dams, bur parts, and polymerization in dentistry. Perfect for dental students and professionals looking to refresh their understanding.
