Dental Materials and Mixing Techniques

It may irritate the gums.

Adhering to the P/L ratio ensures optimal consistency, flow, and minimizes irritation to the pulp.

The powder should be added to the liquid in small increments to achieve the desired consistency.

<p>The glass slab and spatula should be clean and cool during mixing, and the mixing should begin with the powder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The spatula can be dipped in powder before use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An exothermic acid-base reaction occurs, initially resulting in a pH of 3.5.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary purpose is to protect the pulp by providing thermal insulation and absorbing occlusal forces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is brittle, lacks adhesion, and is soluble in oral fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It should be bacteriostatic or bactericidal to prevent the increase of bacteria in the cavity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can be easily manipulated and provides adequate clinical resistance at a low powder/liquid ratio.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is indicated for temporary sealing of cavities and as a base material for permanent fillings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two commonly used materials are zinc phosphate cement and glass ionomer cement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is sufficient when the remaining dentin thickness is more than 2 mm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is contraindicated for teeth with little dentin tissue, as it can irritate the pulp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides a barrier against chemical irritants like phosphoric acid and acrylic monomers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The acidity decreases significantly within one hour after mixing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It protects the pulp by preventing electrical currents generated by restorations made of different metals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It wears out quickly and is easily exposed to plaque accumulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is used in bonding orthodontic bands and securing crowns, bridges, and inlays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A cavity base material must be resistant to chewing pressures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is important so that their borders can be clearly identified on radiographs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type I is luting cement for crowns and bridges, Type II is restorative cement for aesthetic fillings, and Type III is used as liners and bases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The adhesion of glass ionomer cement to teeth is achieved through both mechanical and chemical bonding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The advantages include fluoride release properties and thermal compatibility with tooth structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disadvantages include poor mechanical properties and low esthetics due to lack of translucency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A calcium hydroxide primer made of glass ionomer material should be used to protect the dentin surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Occlusal forces and porosities can lead to increased wear and potential failure of the restorations over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Larger glass ionomer cement particles are associated with decreased wear rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The solubility depends on the amount of cement present at the margins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases the surface energy and wettability of the tooth, which improves chemical bonding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The powder should be divided into two equal increments and mixed with the liquid immediately within 20-30 seconds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The application time is 2-3 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent the glass ionomer cement from sticking to the spatula, making removal easier.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A matrix band, varnish, cocoa butter, or vaseline can be used for protection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Initial finishing involves the removal of gross excess material with a sharp hand instrument.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are indicated for class III and class V carious lesions, as well as root caries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps to protect the cement from moisture, ensuring proper setting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Resins like bisphenol A-glycidyl dimethacrylate or urethane dimethacrylate and photoinitiators are added.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It consists of acid-base and polymerization reactions that occur simultaneously upon mixing the powder and liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 'umbrella effect' refers to the resin protecting the acid-base setting reaction from moisture contamination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ionic activity of hybrid ionomers is reduced due to the presence of resin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The initial pH of the hybrid ionomer is higher (pH=3.5), which reduces pulp irritation compared to conventional GIC (pH=2).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wear resistance, fracture toughness, flexural strength, and diametral tensile strength are superior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence of resin reduces the ionic activity, leading to a lesser bonding tendency and fluoride release.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The liquid is an aqueous solution of polyacrylic acid and 10% 2-HEMA.</p> Signup and view all the answers