Podcast
Questions and Answers
How do indices enhance clinical observations?
How do indices enhance clinical observations?
- By increasing the subjectivity of observations
- By using descriptive words instead of numbers
- By ignoring subjective information
- By providing standardized information through numbers (correct)
In a community setting, what is one way that oral hygiene indices can be utilized?
In a community setting, what is one way that oral hygiene indices can be utilized?
- To determine daily oral care practices and monitor education program results. (correct)
- To replace individual patient education.
- To avoid clinical settings altogether.
- To standardize all patient care to a single method.
For what purpose would biofilm records or scoring systems be used?
For what purpose would biofilm records or scoring systems be used?
- To determine the prevalence of specific conditions within a population
- To prevent disease progression in a community
- For individual patient education, motivation, and evaluation (correct)
- To study disease characteristics in populations
What is the primary focus of an epidemiologic survey?
What is the primary focus of an epidemiologic survey?
Why might a dental professional use a disclosing agent when conducting a Biofilm Index?
Why might a dental professional use a disclosing agent when conducting a Biofilm Index?
Under the Biofilm Index, what does a score of '2' typically indicate?
Under the Biofilm Index, what does a score of '2' typically indicate?
What is the main purpose of the Biofilm Control Record Index?
What is the main purpose of the Biofilm Control Record Index?
Which teeth are evaluated when using the Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) Plaque Index?
Which teeth are evaluated when using the Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) Plaque Index?
What main aspect is evaluated by the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S)?
What main aspect is evaluated by the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S)?
In the context of the OHI-S, what would a score of '1' indicate?
In the context of the OHI-S, what would a score of '1' indicate?
When using the Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI), how long should one wait after probing before scoring?
When using the Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI), how long should one wait after probing before scoring?
What is the primary purpose of the Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI)?
What is the primary purpose of the Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI)?
When is the Dental Caries Experience index most useful?
When is the Dental Caries Experience index most useful?
What specific information can population scores document when evaluating Dental Caries Experience?
What specific information can population scores document when evaluating Dental Caries Experience?
What does Dean's Fluorosis Index primarily measure?
What does Dean's Fluorosis Index primarily measure?
What oral condition is related to the severity of hypomineralization of dental enamel when using Dean's Index?
What oral condition is related to the severity of hypomineralization of dental enamel when using Dean's Index?
What does the 'M' component represent in the DMFT index?
What does the 'M' component represent in the DMFT index?
What is being evaluated when using the 'df' or 'def' index?
What is being evaluated when using the 'df' or 'def' index?
What is the purpose of Community-Based Oral Health Surveillance in relation to the WHO Basic Screening Survey?
What is the purpose of Community-Based Oral Health Surveillance in relation to the WHO Basic Screening Survey?
How is incidence defined in the context of Community-Based Oral Health Surveillance?
How is incidence defined in the context of Community-Based Oral Health Surveillance?
Which elements should be included when documenting indices?
Which elements should be included when documenting indices?
What is the significance of numbers in expressing clinical observations of a health condition?
What is the significance of numbers in expressing clinical observations of a health condition?
What is the main purpose of an index in the context of clinical observations?
What is the main purpose of an index in the context of clinical observations?
How can indices measuring oral hygiene status benefit individual patients in a clinical setting?
How can indices measuring oral hygiene status benefit individual patients in a clinical setting?
When evaluating oral hygiene education programs in a community setting, what role do collected data and findings play?
When evaluating oral hygiene education programs in a community setting, what role do collected data and findings play?
What is the primary function of a clinical trial using scoring methods?
What is the primary function of a clinical trial using scoring methods?
What information is provided by an epidemiologic survey?
What information is provided by an epidemiologic survey?
What action is required from a dental assessment when measuring Biofilm Index?
What action is required from a dental assessment when measuring Biofilm Index?
When using visual dental aids, what does the number 3 represent? (Biofilm Index)
When using visual dental aids, what does the number 3 represent? (Biofilm Index)
Why would a dental care professional use the Biofilm-Free Score technique?
Why would a dental care professional use the Biofilm-Free Score technique?
What is the PHP Plaque Index goal in the dental field?
What is the PHP Plaque Index goal in the dental field?
When preforming the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, how many tooth surfaces have to be preformed?
When preforming the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index, how many tooth surfaces have to be preformed?
During a Sulcus Bleeding Index, what are you trying to note?
During a Sulcus Bleeding Index, what are you trying to note?
What population score is best when documenting dental caries experience?
What population score is best when documenting dental caries experience?
When trying to measure the severity of flurosis, what index should be used?
When trying to measure the severity of flurosis, what index should be used?
What does DMFT testing include?
What does DMFT testing include?
Why does community assessment occur?
Why does community assessment occur?
When documenting an index what has to be included?
When documenting an index what has to be included?
Flashcards
What is an index?
What is an index?
A way of expressing clinical observations by using numbers.
Individual Assessment Score
Individual Assessment Score
An index, a biofilm record, or a scoring system for an individual patient that can be used for education, motivation, and evaluation.
Clinical Trial
Clinical Trial
To determine the effect of an agent or a procedure on the prevention, progression, or control of a disease.
What is an Epidemiologic Survey?
What is an Epidemiologic Survey?
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Biofilm Index
Biofilm Index
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Biofilm Index Scores
Biofilm Index Scores
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Biofilm Control Record Index
Biofilm Control Record Index
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Biofilm-Free Score
Biofilm-Free Score
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Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) Plaque Index
Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) Plaque Index
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Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S)
Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S)
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OHI-S Scoring
OHI-S Scoring
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Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI)
Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI)
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Dental Caries Experience
Dental Caries Experience
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Dean's Fluorosis Index
Dean's Fluorosis Index
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Permanent Dentition: Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth or Surfaces (DMFT)
Permanent Dentition: Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth or Surfaces (DMFT)
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Primary Dentition: Decayed, Indicated for Extraction, and Filled (df and def)
Primary Dentition: Decayed, Indicated for Extraction, and Filled (df and def)
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WHO Basic Screening Survey
WHO Basic Screening Survey
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Epidemiology
Epidemiology
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Incidence
Incidence
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Study Notes
- Numbers are used to express clinical observations when using an index.
Indices
- Provide standardized information.
- Information makes health condition observations consistent.
- Observations are less subjective than a word description.
- Oral hygiene indices are used in clinical settings to educate and motivate patients.
- The results from data collected in a community such as nursing home determine daily oral care and monitors dental hygiene education programs.
Types of Scoring Methods
- Individual Assessment Score: an index, biofilm record, or scoring system for individual patient education, motivation, and evaluation.
- Clinical Trial: determines the effect of an agent or a procedure on preventing, progressing, or controlling a disease.
- Epidemiologic Survey: the study of disease characteristics in populations, such as the DMFT index.
- Determines the prevalence and incidence of a particular condition in a given population.
Biofilm Index
- Formerly known as plaque index (PI Score).
- It assesses biofilm thickness at the gingival area.
- Use is made of a disclosing agent.
- The entire dentition or selected teeth can be evaluated.
- 0 = No biofilm
- 1 = A biofilm adhering to the free gingival margin and the adjacent area of the tooth
- 2 = Moderate accumulation of soft deposits within the gingival pocket that can be seen with the naked eye.
- 3 = Abundance of soft matter within the gingival pocket, on the tooth, and gingival margin
Biofilm Control Record Index
- Formerly known as plaque control record.
- Records the presence of dental biofilm on individual tooth surfaces.
- Allows the patient to visualize progress while learning biofilm control.
- All teeth are included, with the use of a disclosing agent.
Biofilm-Free Score
- Determines the location, number, and percentage of biofilm-free surfaces.
- All erupted teeth are included.
- Use is made of a disclosing agent.
Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) Plaque Index
- Purpose: assesses the extent of biofilm & debris over a tooth surface.
- Examines the facial surfaces of incisors, maxillary molars, and the lingual surfaces of mandibular molars (3,8,14,19,24,30).
- A disclosing agent is used.
Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S)
- Assess oral cleanliness.
- Estimate tooth surfaces covered with debris and/or calculus.
- Six tooth surfaces are scored (3,8,14,19,24,30).
- 0 - No calculus present
- 1 - Soft deposit not more than 1/3 of the tooth surface
- 2 – Soft deposit covering more than 1/3 of the tooth surface
- 3 – Soft debris covering more than 2/3 of the tooth surface
Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI)
- Purpose: Locates areas of gingival sulcus bleeding and color changes so as to recognize & record early (initial) inflammatory gingival disease.
- Four gingival units are scored systematically for each tooth.
- Procedure: Walk the probe to the base of the sulcus and wait 30 seconds before scoring.
Dental Caries Experience
- Useful when measuring prevalence in groups.
- Population scores can document:
- Numbers of persons in any age group who are affected by dental caries.
- The number of teeth needing treatment.
Dean's Fluorosis Index
- Measures the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis.
- Originally developed in the 1930s and refined in 1942.
- Relates the severity of enamel hypomineralization to fluoride concentration in the water supply.
Permanent Dentition: Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth or Surfaces (DMFT)
- Purpose: Determine total dental caries experience (past & present) by recording either the number of affected teeth or tooth surfaces.
- Based on 28 teeth.
- D (Decayed): Visible dental caries or both dental caries and a restoration are present.
- M (Missing): A tooth extracted due to dental caries, non-restorable, and indicated for extraction.
- F (Filled): Any permanent or temporary restoration without evidence of dental caries present.
Primary Dentition: Decayed, Indicated for Extraction, and Filled (df and def)
- Determines the dental caries experience for primary teeth present in the oral cavity by evaluating teeth or surfaces.
- 20 teeth are evaluated.
Community-Based Oral Health Surveillance
- WHO Basic Screening Survey.
- Collects comprehensive data on oral health status and dental treatment needs.
- Epidemiology: The study of health and disease in a population.
- Incidence: The occurrence, rate, or frequency of a disease in a population.
Documentation
- Document the:
- Name of index or indices used
- Score calculated
- Objective statement that provides interpretation of index scores
- Follow-up instructions
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