Dental Examination Procedures
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Questions and Answers

What term refers to the specialized tissues that surround and support the teeth?

  • Gingiva
  • Alveolar bone
  • Periodontium (correct)
  • Periodontal ligament

    • What is the primary function of the periodontium?

  • To move the teeth during development
  • To maintain the structure of the alveolar bone
  • To produce saliva
  • To provide a barrier from the oral microflora (correct)

    • What is the gingiva divided into?

  • Two parts: coronal and marginal
  • Four parts: free, attached, marginal, and interdental
  • Two parts: attached and unattached
  • Three parts: free, marginal, and attached (correct)

    • What is the name of the part of the periodontium that surrounds the tooth necks?

    <p>Gingiva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of understanding the periodontal structures?

    <p>To understand the disease process affecting the periodontium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the periodontal ligament?

    <p>To attach the tooth to the alveolar bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the bony structure that supports the teeth?

    <p>Alveolar bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term derived from the Greek terms peri- and -dont?

    <p>Periodontium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is helpful in establishing a diagnosis of oral soft tissue pathology?

    <p>Knowledge of clinical characteristics such as size, location, and surface morphology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge in monitoring the health of the oral soft tissues?

    <p>The lack of objective measures to facilitate meaningful comparisons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the soft tissue examination differ from orthodontic monitoring?

    <p>Study models can be used in orthodontic monitoring, but not in soft tissue examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why have caries and periodontal disease been the focus of the greatest attention?

    <p>Because they are more prevalent than the pathology affecting the oral soft tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of caries and periodontal disease?

    <p>They are more prevalent than the pathology affecting the oral soft tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difficulty in diagnosing oral soft tissue pathology?

    <p>The lack of objective measures to facilitate meaningful comparisons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the symptoms of periodontal disease?

    <p>Pain during mastication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a way to determine the degree of stippling?

    <p>Surface palpation and light rubbing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of leaving periodontal disease untreated?

    <p>Susceptibility to systemic health concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ranking of periodontal disease as a threat to dental health?

    <p>The second biggest threat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which demographic is more likely to have periodontal disease?

    <p>Men with less than a high school education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of current smokers are affected by periodontal disease?

    <p>64.2%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a thorough and systematic examination of the soft tissues of the head and neck?

    <p>To ensure that no parts are missed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the oral cavity?

    <p>To represent the first part of the digestive tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the incisive papilla?

    <p>A tissue projection that covers the incisive foramen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maxillary tuberosity?

    <p>A bulge of bone posterior to the most posterior maxillary molar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the mucosa?

    <p>To line the oral cavity and protect it from irritation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the vestibule?

    <p>A space between the maxillary or mandibular teeth, gingiva, cheeks, and lips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Wharton's duct?

    <p>A salivary duct opening on either side of the lingual frenum on the ventral surface of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the uvula?

    <p>A non-bony, muscular projection that hangs from the midline at the posterior of the soft palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the earliest signs of gingival inflammation?

    <p>Gingival bleeding even with gentle probing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk factor for periodontal disease?

    <p>Smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis?

    <p>ANUG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of acute inflammation in periodontal disease?

    <p>Bright red erythema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of defective fillings in terms of periodontal disease?

    <p>Increased risk of periodontal disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of gingivitis?

    <p>Inflammation of marginal gingiva</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible underlying factor contributing to periodontal disease?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the loss of gingival stippling and knife-edge free gingival margins?

    <p>Altered gingival form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Oral Cavity and Soft Tissue Conditions

    • The oral cavity is the first part of the digestive tube and its primary function is to break down food.
    • A thorough and systematic examination of the soft tissues of the head, neck, and oral cavity is essential to ensure no parts are missed.

    Soft Tissue Components

    • Gingiva: mucosal tissue surrounding the maxillary and mandibular teeth and bone.
    • Hard palate: anterior portion of the palate formed by the processes of the maxilla.
    • Incisive papilla: a tissue projection that covers the incisive foramen on the anterior of the hard palate.
    • Maxillary tuberosity: a bulge of bone posterior to the most posterior maxillary molar.
    • Maxillary/Mandibular tori: bony enlargements that can occur on the maxilla or mandible.
    • Mucosa: mucous membrane lining the oral cavity.
    • Uvula: a non-bony, muscular projection hanging from the midline at the posterior of the soft palate.
    • Vestibule: space between the maxillary or mandibular teeth, gingiva, cheeks, and lips.
    • Wharton's duct: salivary duct opening on either side of the lingual frenum on the ventral surface of the tongue.

    Periodontium

    • The periodontium is composed of the gingiva, alveolar mucosa, cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone.
    • It supports the teeth in their alveolar bone and provides a barrier for the underlying structures from the oral microflora.

    Gingiva

    • The gingiva is the visible part of the periodontium, surrounding the tooth necks and covering the alveolar bone.
    • It is divided into three parts: free gingiva, marginal gingiva, and attached gingiva.

    Periodontal Disease

    • Periodontal disease is a common threat to dental health, more prevalent in men, those living below the poverty level, those with less than a high school education, and current smokers.
    • Risk factors include smoking, diabetes, poor oral hygiene, stress, heredity, crooked teeth, underlying immuno-deficiencies, defective fillings, and certain medications.
    • Clinical changes in periodontal disease include altered color, gingival bleeding, and altered gingival form.

    Clinical Changes in Periodontal Disease

    • Altered color: an initial bright red erythema associated with inflammation, which may revert to its original healthy color if not severe.
    • Gingival bleeding: one of the earliest signs of gingival inflammation, which precedes changes in color or other visual signs of inflammation.
    • Altered gingival form: loss of stippling, loss of knife-edge free gingival margins, and rounded interdental papilla.

    Periodontal Disease Types

    • Periodontal disease ranges from simple and early inflammation of marginal gingiva to advanced gingivitis and subsequently periodontitis.
    • Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (ANUG) is a severe form of periodontal disease characterized by plaques, necrotic tissue, and grayish slough.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the steps involved in a thorough dental examination, including the examination of the labial mucosa, gingiva, and hard palate.

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