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Questions and Answers
Which cement can be used for pulp capping under composite restorations?
What is the primary purpose of using zinc phosphate cement?
Which cement has been in use since 1878 and is considered one of the oldest cements?
For which restorative material can reinforced ZOE be used as a base?
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Which cement is suitable for indirect pulp capping during a dental procedure?
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What is the main property of zinc phosphate cement specified in the text?
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What is the film thickness of Type II Zinc Phosphate cement?
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What is the setting reaction of Zinc Phosphate cement?
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What is the tensile strength of Type II Zinc Phosphate cement?
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How long does it take for Type II Zinc Phosphate cement to retain 75% of its ultimate strength?
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What is a disadvantage of Zinc Polycarboxylate Cement?
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How does Zinc Polycarboxylate Cement set?
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What is the setting reaction of zinc oxide eugenol cement?
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What is one of the disadvantages of zinc oxide eugenol cement in terms of clinical use?
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Which of the following statements is true about the biocompatibility of zinc oxide eugenol cement?
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When is zinc oxide eugenol cement commonly used in clinical practice?
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What is a notable advantage of zinc oxide eugenol cement over zinc phosphate cement?
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Why is zinc oxide eugenol cement not recommended as a base material for unfilled and filled resins?
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What is the main component of the powder in the EBA cement?
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What is the benefit of adding fused quartz, alumina and dicalcium phosphate to the EBA cement?
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What is the main component of the liquid in the EBA cement?
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What is the main purpose of the polymer reinforced zinc oxide powder?
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What is the main role of the acetic acid in the polymer reinforced zinc oxide cement?
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What is the main disadvantage of the EBA cement?
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What is the primary setting reaction of zinc polycarboxylate cement?
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Which factor increases the working time of zinc polycarboxylate cement?
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What is the typical powder/liquid ratio recommended for mixing zinc polycarboxylate cement?
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Which of the following statements about the bond of zinc polycarboxylate cement to tooth structure is correct?
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Which property of zinc polycarboxylate cement is accurately described in the text?
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What is the initial pH of the liquid component of zinc polycarboxylate cement?
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Study Notes
Properties of Dental Cements
- Resistance to solubility in the oral cavity
- Bonding
- Compressive and tensile strength
- Biocompatibility
- Working time
- Protects pulp from mechanical and electrical stimuli
Classification of Dental Cements
- Permanent luting cements
- Temporary luting cements
- Permanent restorative materials
- Temporary restorative materials
- Bases: under amalgam/composite/gold
- Pulp capping: indirect pulp capping/direct pulp capping
- Cavity liners: under amalgam/composite
Zinc Phosphate Cement
- First introduced in 1878 and still used today
- Type I: used for cementation; film thickness < 25 microns
- Type II: used as a base and for luting; film thickness 25-40 microns
- Powder composition: 90.2% ZnO, 8.2% MgO, 1.4% SiO2, 0.1% Bi2O3, 0.1% BaO, Ba2SO4, CaO
- Acid-base reaction rate
- Setting reaction: zinc oxide + phosphoric acid
- Manipulation: glass slab, dry, lower temperature for longer working time
- Mechanical Properties:
- Compressive strength: 104 Mpa
- Tensile strength: 5.5 Mpa
- Modulus of Elasticity: 13.7 gigapascals
- Retention of cement is by mechanical interlocking
- Biocompatibility: phosphoric acid, liquid pH 2.0, acidity, irritation
- Clinical uses: base, temporary restoration, cementation
- Advantages: long record of clinical acceptability, high compressive strength, thin film thickness
- Disadvantages: low initial pH, lack of adhesion to tooth structure, lack of anticariogenic effect, soluble in water
Zinc Polycarboxylate Cement
- Introduced in the 1960s
- Chelation reaction
- Sets by an acid-base reaction between powder and liquid
- Clinical use: base, temporary restorations, cement crowns, stainless steel crown
- Advantages: adhesion, rapid rise in pH upon cementation
- Disadvantages: lack of penetration into dentinal tubules, short working time, not resistant to plastic deformation
Zinc Oxide Eugenol Cement
- Introduced in the 1890s
- Less soluble in oral fluids
- Better marginal seal than zinc phosphate
- Powder composition: 69% ZnO, 29.3% white rosin, 1% zinc stearate, 0.7% zinc acetate
- Liquid composition: 85% Eugenol, 15% olive oil
- Setting reaction: ZnO + H2O → Zn(OH)2
- Manipulation: wet cotton pellet for smoothening, clean up, and hardening of the restoration
- Biocompatibility: sedative effect, less irritant to the pulp, antibacterial, pH= 7
- Clinical use: temporary cementation, temporary restoration, deep cavity preparation
- Advantages: soothing effect on the pulp, good short-term sealing
- Disadvantages: high solubility, low strength, low compressive strength, long setting time
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Description
Explore the various types of dental cements used in restorative dentistry, including conventional cement, resin-based cement, zinc phosphate cement, and zinc oxide eugenol. Topics include resistance to solubility, bonding, strength, biocompatibility, working time, and different applications such as temporary and permanent restoration, luting, root canal sealing, and pulp protection.
