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Dental Caries and Tooth Decay
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Dental Caries and Tooth Decay

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Questions and Answers

Where are dental caries most likely to occur in the mouth?

  • 3rd molars
  • incisors and maxillary 1st molars
  • canines and premolars (correct)
  • posterior mandibular molars
  • What is used to diagnose the depth of dental caries?

  • Dental x-rays or radiographs (correct)
  • Mouthwash
  • Dental mirror
  • Toothbrush
  • What covers the tooth root and helps anchor it in the jaw?

  • Enamel
  • Dentin
  • Cementum (correct)
  • Tooth pulp
  • What is the term used to describe lesions on both proximal surfaces across from one another?

    <p>Kissing lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the cavitation as it advances through the enamel?

    <p>Triangular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what point in the enamel is mechanical treatment most likely the method of choice?

    <p>When the cavitation has passed the halfway point in the enamel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of radiograph is essential for making determinations about the extent of proximal surface caries?

    <p>Bitewing radiograph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a carious lesion that is confined to the enamel and has not yet reached the DEJ?

    <p>Incipient lesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of treating incipient lesions non-invasively?

    <p>It avoids the need for drilling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the surface of the tooth that is affected by smooth surface caries?

    <p>Proximal surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial radiographic evidence of caries at the DEJ?

    <p>A thin radiolucent line</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the lateral spread of caries at the DEJ?

    <p>It is the first visible radiographic evidence of caries into the dentin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of treating caries at the DEJ level?

    <p>It allows for better control and is less expensive to the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the enamel pattern in the histology section of the tooth?

    <p>Triangular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for surgically prepping the tooth at the DEJ level?

    <p>The caries has progressed into the dentin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the filling material options at the DEJ level?

    <p>Either amalgam or composite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for identifying mesial interproximal surface caries?

    <p>To prevent extensive treatment or extraction of the molar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using composites with acid-etching bonding?

    <p>They spare more tooth structure and prevent recurrent decay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of restoration is typically used for proximal surface caries?

    <p>Class II restoration with an amalgam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 3 visualization techniques in evaluating a radiograph?

    <p>To evaluate the radiograph for occlusal, enamel, and dentin caries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a radiolucent surface defect on a radiograph?

    <p>It is an indication of a surface caries next to an amalgam restoration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using tooth-colored composite materials?

    <p>They are more aesthetically pleasing to patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the darkened line along the DEJ on a radiograph?

    <p>Not mentioned in the content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the attached practice slide?

    <p>To practice exam questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Dental Caries

    • Dental caries is also known as "tooth decay"
    • Caries can occur on any tooth surface, but it's most common on upper molars and incisors due to their location near salivary glands ducts
    • Caries can present with minor visible clinical defects on the enamel, but dental x-rays or radiographs are needed to diagnose the depth of the caries

    Structure of a Tooth

    • Enamel: the hardest substance in the human body, protects teeth from cavity-causing bacteria
    • Dentin: a layer beneath enamel, not as strong as enamel, and can increase the risk of cavities when exposed
    • Cementum: covers the tooth root and helps anchor the tooth in the jaw
    • Tooth pulp: the innermost layer, contains nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissues

    Demineralization and Remineralization

    • Demineralization occurs when a tooth is in a state of acid production or low pH, leading to caries
    • Remineralization occurs when a tooth is in a state of high pH, allowing minerals to be redeposited, reversing early caries

    Imaging and Diagnosis

    • Dental imaging is crucial for delivering patient care, especially for hard tissue in the head and neck region
    • Radiographs are used to diagnose caries, and bitewings are essential for making determinations about the extent of treatment needed
    • Lesions on both proximal surfaces are termed "kissing lesions"

    Smooth Surface Caries

    • Triangle pattern: based at the tooth enamel surface and apex towards the Dentino-Enamel Junction (DEJ)
    • When the pattern is halfway across the enamel, it's considered an "incipient lesion" and can be treated non-invasively
    • Larger lesions require mechanical treatment (drilling)

    Proximal Surface Caries

    • Develops a triangular shape as it advances through the enamel
    • Cavitation eats its way through the enamel to near the DEJ
    • Radiograph shows 2 kissing lesions confined to the enamel

    Dentin Caries

    • First evidence is a thin radiolucent line at the DEJ, indicating demineralization
    • Initial demineralization of dentin spreads laterally along the DEJ
    • Treatment at this level is more efficient and less expensive, but caries at this level requires surgical preparation

    Treatment Options

    • Occlusal surface, Class I restoration: Prep design Occlusal, Sealant-composite, Amalgam
    • Proximal surface, Class II restoration: Prep design MO, DO, MOD, Slot, Amalgam, Composite
    • Composites with acid-etching bonding are preferred due to better sealing, prevention of recurrent decay, and tooth-colored materials

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    Description

    This quiz covers the basics of dental caries, also known as tooth decay, including its causes, locations, and effects on teeth.

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