Dental Anatomy and Eruption Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the average time consumed from the beginning of root resorption until tooth exfoliation?

  • 2-3 years
  • 1-2 years
  • 4-5 years
  • 3-3.5 years (correct)

When does the root completion of all deciduous teeth typically occur?

  • 4-5 years
  • 3-4 years
  • 1-1.5 years
  • 1.5-3 years (correct)

Which permanent teeth complete their crowns at 9-10 years?

  • Second molars
  • First molars (correct)
  • Canines
  • Second premolars

Where are lingual fossae primarily located?

<p>On the lingual surfaces of anterior teeth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the eruption of the first mandibular molar typically occur?

<p>6 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What feature is characteristic of true pits?

<p>Located at the junction or ends of developmental grooves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following teeth begins calcification at birth?

<p>Maxillary first molars (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes central fossae?

<p>They converge at a central point formed by ridges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic order of eruption for the maxillary and mandibular teeth?

<p>Mandibular teeth erupt before maxillary, except for premolars (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does root completion typically occur after tooth eruption?

<p>2-3 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of teeth typically possess mesial and distal triangular fossae?

<p>Premolars and molars (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are faulty pits commonly a result of?

<p>Incomplete formation of enamel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following age ranges is correct for the eruption of the second molars?

<p>10-12 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are teeth categorized based on the number of roots?

<p>Into single-rooted and multirooted teeth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is referred to as the root trunk of a tooth?

<p>The undivided portion of the root (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the first digit of the tooth code indicate in the numbering system?

<p>The quadrant of the tooth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the interproximal space typically filled by?

<p>Gingival papillae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are permanent teeth numbered in the universal numbering system?

<p>From 1 to 32 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the deciduous dentition, how are the teeth numbered?

<p>From A to E (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by the second digit of the tooth code?

<p>The specific tooth number in its quadrant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a part of the tooth's macro-anatomy?

<p>Treatment method (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Dane (Hederup) system, what symbol is used for each tooth in the permanent dentition?

<ul> <li>(B)</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following teeth corresponds to the number 55 in the deciduous dentition?

<p>Upper right second incisor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'CEJ' refer to in tooth anatomy?

<p>Cemento-enamel junction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the crown surfaces be divided for descriptive purposes?

<p>Horizontally or vertically into thirds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical parts form the mesial half and distal half of the root?

<p>Labial and Lingual (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes line angles in anterior and posterior teeth?

<p>Anterior teeth have fewer line angles because of rounded incisal surfaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many lobes do anterior teeth typically form from?

<p>4 lobes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of tooth is specifically formed from 5 lobes?

<p>Mandibular second premolar (3 cusps type) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of point angles in teeth, considering both anterior and posterior types?

<p>4 for anterior and 8 for posterior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines the incisal ridge of a tooth?

<p>The sharp ridge at the top of anterior teeth (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the division of the root is correct?

<p>The root can be divided both horizontally into thirds and vertically into halves (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the relationship between cusp slopes on all teeth?

<p>The distal cusp slope is usually longer than the mesial cusp slope, except for cusp 'C' and '4'. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a triangular ridge in posterior teeth?

<p>It descends from the cusp tip toward the central part of the occlusal surface. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes an oblique ridge from a transverse ridge?

<p>An oblique ridge connects non-opposing triangular ridges. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a developmental groove?

<p>It is a narrow and sharply defined groove marking the union of primary lobes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is characterized by a small, irregularly placed appearance on occlusal surfaces?

<p>Supplemental groove (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a fossa in teeth?

<p>Acts as a small depression in the anterior and posterior teeth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a sulcus?

<p>A broad depression or valley with inclines meeting in a groove. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ridge is primarily found on the occlusal surface of posterior teeth?

<p>Transverse ridge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the age range for the primary dentition period in humans?

<p>6 months to 6 years (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many total teeth are present in the primary dentition?

<p>20 teeth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of teeth is not preceded by deciduous teeth in the permanent dentition?

<p>Molars (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the teeth?

<p>Mastication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what age does the mixed dentition period typically occur?

<p>6 to 12 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which teeth are differentiated within the class traits specifically as central and lateral?

<p>Incisors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the mixed dentition period, what is a common issue faced by children?

<p>Teeth of different colors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many molars are typically present in the permanent dentition in each quadrant?

<p>3 molars (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Shedding

The natural process of losing primary teeth and being replaced by permanent teeth

Primary Dentition

The first set of teeth, also known as baby, milk or temporary teeth. It consists of 20 teeth.

Mixed Dentition

The period when primary and permanent teeth coexist. This period lasts from approximately 6 to 12 years old.

Permanent Dentition

The second and permanent set of teeth that replaces the primary teeth.

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Incisors

The teeth located at the front of the mouth, used for biting and cutting food. They are shaped like chisels.

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Canines

The pointy teeth located between incisors and premolars, used for tearing food. They are wedge-shaped.

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Premolars

The teeth located behind the canines, used for grinding food. They have two cusps, or points, on the top.

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Molars

The teeth located at the back of the mouth, used for grinding and crushing food. They have multiple cusps, or points, on the top.

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What is the Universal Numbering System (UNS)?

The 'Universal Numbering System' (UNS) is a standardized system for identifying teeth using numbers for permanent and letters for deciduous teeth.

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How are permanent and deciduous teeth labeled in the UNS?

In the UNS, permanent teeth are numbered from 1 to 32, while deciduous teeth are labeled with letters A to T.

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What symbol is used with the UNS?

The UNS uses '#' symbol before the number to indicate the universal system is being used.

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How are the permanent teeth numbered in each quadrant?

Permanent teeth are numbered 1-8 from the midline in each quadrant, with 1 being the closest to the midline.

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How are deciduous teeth numbered in each quadrant?

Deciduous teeth in each quadrant are numbered from 1-5, with 1 being the closest to the midline.

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What does the first digit of the UNS number represent?

The first digit of the UNS number (from 1 to 8 or 1 to 5) indicates the tooth's position in the quadrant, moving from the midline.

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What does the second digit of the UNS number represent?

The second digit of the UNS number represents the tooth's position in the quadrant, counting from 1 to 8 for permanent and 1 to 5 for deciduous.

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What does the Dane System use to indicate tooth position?

The 'Dane System' (Hederup System) uses (+) and (-) symbols to indicate the tooth's position, with (+) for right and (-) for left sides.

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Lingual Ridge

A linear elevation on the lingual surface of the canine.

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Transverse Ridge

The union of directly opposing triangular ridges on a posterior tooth.

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Developmental Groove

It's a narrow, shallow groove denoting the union of primary lobes on the occlusal surface. It can extend buccally and lingually.

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Sulcus

A broad depression or valley on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth. Its inclines meet in a developmental groove and extend to the cusp tips.

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Supplemental Grooves

Small, irregularly placed grooves usually found on occlusal surfaces. They do not indicate the union of primary lobes.

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Fosse

A small depression or concavity found on the lingual surface of anterior teeth and the occlusal surface of posterior teeth.

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Fissure

A fault in the enamel occurring at the bottom of a developmental groove, resulting from incomplete fusion of primary lobes.

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Oblique Ridge

The union of non-opposing triangular ridges of buccal and lingual cusps, found on molars (E, 6, 7, and sometimes D, 8).

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Line Angle

A specific anatomical area where two or more tooth surfaces meet, forming a distinct line. Named after the surfaces involved (e.g., Mesio-incisal line angle). Anterior teeth have 6 line angles, and posterior teeth have 8.

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Point Angle

A specific point on the crown where three or more tooth surfaces intersect. Named after the surfaces involved (e.g., Mesio-inciso-distal point angle).

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Crown Elevation

A raised, rounded, or prominent feature on the crown of a tooth. Examples: Incisal ridge, Cusp, Marginal ridge.

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Crown Depression

A depressed or凹 shaped area on the crown of a tooth. Examples: Fossa, Groove.

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Lobe

A primary developmental center for a tooth. Each tooth begins as a small bud of tissue that grows into a crown, with a lobe forming each part of the tooth.

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5-Lobe Formation

A type of tooth development with 5 lobes, often seen on the mandibular second premolar.

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Mesial

The surface of a tooth closest to the midline of the dental arch.

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Distal

The surface of a tooth furthest from the midline of the dental arch.

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Lingual Fossa

A depression found on the lingual surface of anterior teeth.

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Mesial and Distal Triangular Fossae

Depressions on the occlusal surface of posterior teeth, located mesial and distal to the marginal ridges.

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Central Fossa

A central depression found on the occlusal surfaces of molars, formed by converging ridges.

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True Pits

Small, pinpoint depressions located at the junction or ends of developmental grooves, found in various fossae.

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Faulty Pit

An incompletely formed enamel pit, usually found at the end of buccal grooves on lower molars or palatal grooves on upper molars.

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Interproximal Space

The space between two adjacent teeth, normally filled by gingival papillae.

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Embrasures

Curvatures adjacent to contact areas that form spillway spaces.

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Socket

The bony space in the alveolar bone containing the roots of erupted teeth.

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Sequence of eruption

The order in which teeth erupt. For example, the deciduous arch (baby teeth) erupts in the sequence A, B, D, C, and E.

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Root completion

The time it takes for the root of a tooth to fully develop after eruption.

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Beginning of root resorption

The process where the roots of deciduous teeth start to dissolve, preparing them to fall out.

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Enamel organ appearance

The time it takes for the enamel organ to develop for a permanent tooth. Eg: For the first molar, this is 5 months in utero (M.I.U) or 4-8 Months In Utero

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Crown completed

The time it takes for the permanent tooth's crown to be fully formed.

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Root completion

The time it takes for the entire root of a permanent tooth to be formed. This happens after the tooth has erupted.

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Eruption

The time it takes for the permanent tooth to erupt. This is the time when the tooth becomes visible in the mouth.

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Study Notes

Dental Anatomy, Physiology, and Occlusion

  • This field encompasses the study of teeth, their structures, functions, and relationships.

Introduction

  • Dental anatomy, physiology and occlusion provide foundational knowledge crucial for dental practitioners.

Tooth Morphology

  • Tooth morphology examines the external and internal structures of teeth, including their development, eruption, and shedding.
  • It covers the form and features of all teeth in the mouth.

Importance of Dental Anatomy Study

  • This knowledge is fundamental for diagnosing normal and abnormal dental conditions.
  • Differentiating between normal and abnormal cases is vital for creating appropriate treatment plans.

Surface Form of the Oral Cavity

  • The diagram illustrates the oral cavity's components, such as lips, roof of the mouth, floor of the mouth, cheeks, tongue, uvula, and tonsils.

Dental Anatomy Includes

  • Dentition: the collection of all teeth in the upper and lower jaws.
  • External Morphology and Internal Composition of Teeth: describing the various types of teeth and their internal structures.
  • Relationships of teeth to each other and the skull: describing the positions and articulations of teeth in the jaw.

Teeth

  • Teeth are arranged in two arches: upper (maxillary) and lower (mandibular).
  • Each arch is divided into two quadrants, thus creating four quadrants in total.
  • There are different kinds of teeth, grouped into anterior (front) and posterior (back) types.

Classes of Teeth

  • Incisors: used for cutting.

  • Canines: involved in tearing.

  • Premolars (bicuspids): assist in both tearing and grinding.

  • Molars: essential for grinding food.

  • Each quadrant includes the four classes within each arch.  

Dentition Periods

  • Primary (Deciduous/Milk/Temporary) Dentition:     - 20 teeth total.     - 10 are maxillary and 10 mandibular (five teeth per quadrant).     - 2 incisors, 1 canine, and 2 molars are found per quadrant.
  • Mixed Dentition:      - A transitional period of mixed deciduous (baby/milk teeth) and permanent teeth.     - The "ugly duckling" phase for young children that occurs amidst changes in tooth formation and eruption.
  • Permanent dentition:     - 32 teeth in total.     - 16 in the maxillary and 16 in the mandibular arch.     - 8 in each quadrant.     - 2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, and 3 molars are counted in each quadrant.     - The permanent molars are non-succedaneous. Meaning, no predecessor deciduous teeth are replaced.

Dental Traits

  • Differentiating deciduous (baby teeth) and permanent teeth.
  • Differentiating maxillary and mandibular teeth.
  • Differentiating between various tooth types (Incisors, canines, premolars and molars).
  • Differentiating teeth within the same class. For example, central versus lateral incisors.

Functions of Teeth

  • Mastication (chewing) is the most vital function of teeth for proper digestion.
  • Teeth help in speech and facial expressions, maintaining a healthy appearance.

Tooth Numbering Systems

  • Palmer Notation System: A widely used system that identifies teeth using numerical and letter-based designations
  • Two-Digit (FDI) System: A system using numerical designations based on a quadrant system.
  • Universal Numeration System (ADA): This system uses a single-digit numbering system with the # sign preceding each number.

Parts of a Tooth

  • Crown: The visible portion of the tooth
  • Neck: The narrow area where the crown meets the root. The junction of the crown and root is called the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ).
  • Root: The part of the tooth embedded in the bone.
  • Pulp cavity: The hollow space within the tooth containing the pulp.

Dental Tissues

  • Enamel: The hardest tissue protecting the crown.
  • Dentin: The major component of the tooth forming the bulk of the tooth structure
  • Cementum: Covers the root and acts as a strong supportive surface.
  • Pulp: A highly vascularized and highly sensitive tissue that occupies the tooth's interior, necessary for maintaining function and providing support.

Junctions of Tooth Tissues

  • Cemento-enamel junction (CEJ)
  • Dentino-enamel junction (DEJ)
  • Dentino-cemental junction (DCJ)

The Teeth and Investing Structures

  • Investing Structures of teeth: These are connected to the tooth, such as the alveolar bone, the gingiva, and the periodontal ligament.

Tooth Surfaces

  • Facial (labial/buccal): Surfaces directed toward the lip or cheek.
  • Lingual: Surfaces directed toward the tongue.
  • Mesial: Surfaces close to the midline.
  • Distal: Surfaces farthest from the midline of the arches.
  • Occlusal (incisal): Top surface of posterior teeth.
  • Masticatory: The upper surface where teeth meet during mastication.

Division into Thirds

  • Dividing the crown and root into thirds horizontally.
  • Dividing the crown surfaces horizontally or vertically
  • Dividing the root vertically into halves.

Line and Point Angles

  • Line angles:  Angles formed on the tooth by the meeting of surfaces
  • Point angles: Points where three surfaces converge.

Anatomical Landmarks of the Crown

  • Cusps: Pyramidal projections on occlusal surfaces of premolars, molars, or canines.
  • Cingulum: An enlargement or bulge on the cervical third of the lingual surface of the crowns.
  • Mamelons: Small, rounded projections at the incisal edges of newly erupted incisors.
  • Tubercle (Carabelli): A small elevation of enamel on the palatal surface of molar teeth.
  • Ridges: Linear elevations on tooth surfaces.

Grooves and Fissures

  • Grooves: Linear depressions or valleys created by developmental processes, found mostly in the occlusal surfaces of teeth.
  • Fissure: Narrow channel or cleft formed by incomplete union of developing primary lobes.
  • Sulcus: A broad depression or valley on occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth.
  • Fossa: A hollow depression /concavity formed on tooth surfaces.

Interproximal spaces, Embrasures

  • Interproximal spaces: Triangular spaces in between teeth filled by the gingival papillae.
  • Embrasures: Spillway spaces adjacent to contact areas of teeth.

Apex of Root, Cervix, Cervical Line, Socket, Crypt

  • Apex of Root: The tip of the root.
  • Cervix: The area where the crown joins the root.
  • Cervical line: Separates crown from the root
  • Socket: The bony space in the alveolar bone containing the roots of erupted teeth.
  • Crypt: The bony space containing developing unerupted teeth.

Teeth Classified by Number of Roots

  • Single-rooted teeth
  • Multi-rooted teeth and Root Trunk (undivided portion)

Chronology of Teeth

  • Deciduous/Primary teeth: Temporary teeth that eventually fall out.
  • Permanent teeth: Replace deciduous teeth. 
  • Sequential appearance, eruption, completion of root, resorption, and shedding of the deciduous teeth.
  • Permanent teeth eruption pattern and timeline.

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Description

Test your knowledge on dental anatomy, the timing of tooth eruption, and the characteristics of various teeth. This quiz covers topics such as root resorption, central and triangular fossae, and the calcification of deciduous teeth. Perfect for dental students or anyone interested in oral health!

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