Dental Anatomy and Dentures

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of bite registration material in the context of dentures?

To create a cushion for the gums

To enhance the color of the denture

To provide flexibility to the denture

To register a patient's vertical dimensions (correct)

Which structure serves as the landmark on the hard palate that runs from the incisor area to the back of the throat?

Palatine fovea

Retromolar pads

Maxillary tuberosity

Mid Palatine Raphe (correct)

What is the role of the retromolar pads in the mandibular ridge?

They determine the final fit of the denture

They are pear or triangular shaped pads located posteriorly (correct)

They are landmarks for the anterior ridge

They are responsible for the movement of the tongue

What does the term 'sulcus' refer to in the context of oral anatomy?

The deepest line of a groove in the vestibule Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is described as a small bump at the anterior of the mid palatine raphe?

Incisive papilla Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Type 1 impression plaster?

Taking impressions Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dental stone is used for master casts in removable prosthodontics?

Type 3 Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the roles of accelerators in gypsum products?

To speed up the setting time Signup and view all the answers

Which additive is a common retardant in gypsum products?

Borax Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the water when gypsum is heated to produce the hemihydrate?

It drives off as steam Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by hygroscopic expansion in gypsum products?

Expansion when underwater Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of alginate as an impression material?

Elastic and irreversible Signup and view all the answers

Which type of dental gypsum has the highest strength and finest particle size?

Type 5 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the canine line in denture setup?

Affects the selection of tooth moulds Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is involved in the irregular bony ridge on the lingual surface of the mandible?

Retromylohyoid ridge Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) in denture fabrication?

Determines the amount of vertical separation when the mandible is at rest Signup and view all the answers

During denture setup, which tooth is typically placed first?

First premolar Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the loss of teeth regarding alveolar ridge?

The alveolar ridge experiences immediate shrinkage followed by gradual reduction Signup and view all the answers

What does acrylization refer to in the denture fabrication process?

The process of packing acrylic materials Signup and view all the answers

Where are the lingual cusps of molars set during denture setup?

In the lingual fossa of lower premolars Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is involved in establishing the midline during denture setup?

Opposing arch Signup and view all the answers

What must be done first in the steps of denture fabrication?

De-articulate Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of measuring 6mm from the center of the ridge line at the mesial of the retromolar pad?

To define the position of the acrylic ridge Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Denture Midterm Study Notes

Gypsum Products: Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O) is used in various dental gypsum products.

Impression Plaster Type 1

Use: Used for taking impressions.
Properties: Must not have undercuts to maintain rigidity.
Application: Used as a luting agent for intraoral gothic arch pin tracer.
Chemical Change: Heated gypsum loses 3 water molecules to become calcium sulfate hemihydrate (CaSO4·½H2O).
Setting: Water evaporates as steam (exothermic) to form beta-hemihydrate.
Model Plaster Type 2: Used for preliminary casts and has rough particles.

Dental Stone Type 3 and 4

Use: Used for master casts for removable prosthodontics (dentures, implants), and orthodontics.
Properties: Contains modifiers to regulate setting time and expansion.
Distinguishing Features: Can be distinguished by color from plaster; dehydrated in a solution of calcium chloride.
Crystal Structure: Smoother crystal structure than plaster.

Dental Gypsum Type 5

Use: For die stones and investments.
Properties: High strength, very fine particle size; may contain binder for added strength.

Accelerators

Examples: Potassium sulfate, NaCl (sodium chloride, a pinch of salt), and warm water.

Retardants

Examples: Borax, and sodium citrate to increase the setting time.

Impression Materials

Alginate: Preliminary impression material.
Polyvinyl Siloxane (PVS): Final impression material.
Bite Registration Impression Material: Used for bite registration.

Handling Alginate

Disinfection: Disinfect the impression.
Packaging: Wrap in moist paper towel to prevent drying out and preserve its form.

Lab Handling

Disinfection: Receiver disinfects impression again.
Inspection: Inspect impression for distortions and voids.
Pouring: Pour with stone or plaster.
Trimming: Trim the impression.
Storing: Store in a ziplock bag, in a fridge for 12-72 hours.

Terminology (Edentulous Landmarks)

Maxillary Residual Ridge: Area where teeth were; often called alveolar ridge.
Mid Palatine Raphe: Line down the center of the palate.
Incisive Papilla: Small bump at the anterior edge of the raphe.
Rugae: Bumpy areas on the palate.
Maxillary Tuberosity: Rounded area of bone at the posterior of the ridge.
Hamular Notch: Groove posterior to the tuberosity.
Palatine Foveae: Two depressions on either side of the raphe near the posterior of the mouth.
Frenum: Muscle attachments to the ridge. (Buccal, Labial, Lingual).

Bite Registration

Centric Occlusion: Point of contact of occlusal surfaces on posterior teeth.
Centric Relation: Position of the mandibular condyle in the glenoid fossa.
Vertical Dimension of Rest (VDO): Amount of separation between the mandible and maxilla when at rest.

Full Set Up

Cuspid Line to Cuspid Line: Measuring the distance from cuspid to cuspid.
Cuspid Line to Ridge: Measuring from the cuspid line to the ridge.

Custom Tray

Position: 45-degree angle at the incisal papilla for the maxilla, 90 degrees at the center of the ridge for the mandible.
Measurements for tray: Length (18mm), width (10mm), thickness (6mm).
Setting Time: 4 minutes, place again for 1 minute.

Tooth Loss

Bone Resorption: Loss of alveolar ridge due to lack of function.
Vertical Dimension Loss: Loss of vertical dimension due to tooth loss.
Misalignment: Teeth become misaligned.
Overeruption Teeth erupt further into the mouth over time.

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Description

This quiz covers essential concepts related to dental anatomy and the use of dentures. Explore topics such as bite registration materials, anatomical landmarks on the hard palate, and specific features of the mandibular ridge. Test your knowledge on these crucial aspects of oral health.