Dental Adhesion and Bacterial Attachment

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of capsule-mediated adhesion in bacteria?

Enable bacteria to adhere to host tissues without specific receptors (correct)

Provide a specific receptor for bacteria adhesion

Enhance invasion and spread within tissues

Allow bacteria to attach to specific receptors

Which of the following bacteria is an example of a non-motile mutant that cannot attach to intestinal epithelium?

Vibrio cholerae

Streptococcus salivarius

Leptothrischia

Vibrio cholerae non-motile mutant (correct)

What is the primary function of flagella in bacteria?

Enhance invasion and spread within tissues (correct)

Provide a specific receptor for bacteria adhesion

Enhance adhesion to host tissues

Enable bacteria to attach to specific receptors

Which of the following bacteria is an example of a bacterium that attaches to keratin binding receptor of gingival epithelium in a short time?

Porphyromonas gingivalis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why Albus cannot attach to the oral mucosa?

because it is rapidly lost with desquamation of oral mucosa Signup and view all the answers

What determines the bacterial virulence and the tissue that will be infected?

Bacterial adhesion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria is an example of a bacterium that attaches to tooth hard tissues?

Streptococcus mutans Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number of bacteria that bind to each gingival epithelial cell?

10-15 Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of adherence in oral bacteria?

The ability of bacteria to adhere to host tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of glycoprotein and glycolipid receptors in oral pathogen attachment?

they serve as immune mediators and host attachment sites Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of bacterial adherence in the oral flora?

No bacteria is found by chance in any flora Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which bacteria use surface molecules to attach to epithelial cells?

specific attachment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following surfaces in the mouth can bacteria attach to?

Keratinized epithelial cells, non-keratinized epithelial cells, hydroxyl apatite surfaces, and metal and acrylic surfaces Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria is an example of a bacterium that is isolated mainly from tongue papillas?

Veillonella parvum Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of type-1 fimbria in oral bacteria?

To attach to host tissues and is inactivated when there is mannose in the environment Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number of bacteria that can be found on the surface of the tongue?

100 Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of van der Waals and surface tension forces in bacterial attachment?

they play a role in the adsorption phase of non-specific attachment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria attaches to the urinary system multi-layer epithelial cells with fimbria?

Escherichia and Proteus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of capsule in oral bacteria?

To provide protection against the host's immune system Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a bacterium that attaches to tooth in an acidic environment?

Streptococcus mitis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria attaches to tooth hard tissue with fimbria?

C and D group streptococci Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the attachment of oral pathogens to oral tissues via a specific receptor-ligand interaction?

specific attachment Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of fimbria in oral bacteria?

To attach to host tissues with or without receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bacteria has a capsule?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Adhesion in Oral Bacteria

Adhesion: The attachment of microorganisms to a host
Adherence: The ability of microorganisms to adhere to a host

Adhesive Surfaces in the Mouth

Keratinized epithelial cells
Non-keratinized epithelial cells
Hydroxyl apatite surfaces (tooth hard tissues and ceramic restorations)
Metal and acrylic surfaces of prosthesis

Bacterial Attachment Organelles

Fimbria (Pili)
- Tip 1: Inactivated when there is mannose in the environment
- Tip 2: Not inactivated with mannose found in the environment
Capsule
Flagella

Fimbria

Proteus, Escherichia, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae attach to urinary system multi-layer epithelial cells with fimbria
Enteric rods attach to intestinal villi and colon mucosa
A group beta hemolytic streptococci and Corynebacterium attach to tonsillar mucosa with host receptors
Fimbria can bind to receptors and/or attach to surfaces without receptors

Capsule

S.pneumoniae, K.pneumoniae, H.influenzae, N.meningitidis, L.pneumophila: encapsulated bacteria
Attach to single layer cilial epithelial cells in the respiratory tract system
Capsule-mediated adhesion does not need specific receptors
pH, temperature, ion balance is essential for adhesion

Flagella

Enhance invasion and spread within tissues
Flagellum protein also enhances adhesion to host tissue
Ex: Motile Spirochetes

Adherence

Bacterial adherence is selective
Ex: Streptococcus salivarius cannot attach to tooth hard tissues, while Streptococcus mutans can attach to tooth hard tissues
Veillonella parvum is isolated mainly from tongue papillas
Leptothrischia is isolated from cheek mucosas

Important Factors

No bacteria are found by chance in any flora
Bacterial adhesion determines not only bacterial virulence but also which tissue will be infected
Ex: Brucella, Salmonella, P.aeruginosa, Proteus, and other enteric cannot attach to mouth tissues

Porphyromonas gingivalis

Attaches to keratin binding receptor of gingival epithelium in a short time
This makes bacteria an important oral pathogen

Other Factors Affecting Adhesion

Desquamation of oral mucosa: hundreds of cells lost every day from the surface layers of the epithelium
Bacterial loss with these cells
Bacteria float within saliva (10^8 CFUs)
Generally, the number of bacteria bind to each gingival epithelial cell (10-15), and the number of bacteria on the tongue surface is 100

Oral Pathogens and Adhesion

Specific attachment: Attachment of oral pathogens to oral tissues using specific receptors
Non-specific attachment: Attachment of oral pathogens to oral tissues without specific receptors
Direct and indirect attachment types
Ex: Attachment of Leptotrichia buccalis to cheek mucosa and attachment of M protein of A group Streptocci to pharynx and tonsils mucosas

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Explore the concepts of adhesion and adherence in oral bacteria, including the surfaces bacteria attach to in the mouth and the organelles involved in bacterial attachment.