25 Questions
Why are the densities of the solid and liquid forms of a substance different?
The particles in the solid are slightly closer together than in the liquid.
What is the volume of 2000 kg of solid copper?
0.223 m³
What is the volume of 2000 kg of liquid copper?
0.249 m³
What is the change in volume when 2000 kg of copper is melted?
0.026 m³
What is the density of solid copper?
8960 kg/m³
What is the density of the iron girder?
$7860 kg/m^3$
What is the volume of the iron girder?
$0.9 m^3$
What is the density of solid copper?
$8960 kg/m^3$
What is the mass of the 0.5 m^3 delivery of copper?
$4480 kg$
What is the formula used to calculate density?
$ ext{Density} = rac{ ext{Mass}}{ ext{Volume}}$
What is the first step to measure the density of a liquid?
Pour the liquid into a measuring cylinder
In measuring the density of a solid, what is used to calculate the volume of the solid?
Displacement can filled with water
How is the density of a solid calculated?
Using the mass and volume of the solid
If an object floats in water when measuring density, what should be done?
Push it down to be just under the water surface
What is crucial to know in order to calculate density?
The mass and volume of the material
What type of changes are changes of state?
Physical changes
How is density defined?
The mass of a substance per unit volume
In general, when is a substance more dense?
As a solid
What are the units for expressing density?
g/cm³
Which formula represents density correctly?
$Density = Mass/Volume$
Which state of matter can be compressed?
Gases
Why can't solids be compressed?
Particles are tightly packed with no gaps
Which process involves a substance changing from a solid directly to a gas?
Sublimation
What is the process called when a liquid changes to a solid?
Freezing
Which process involves a gas changing directly to a solid?
Deposition
Study Notes
Densities of Solids and Liquids
- The density of a solid is higher than that of a liquid because the particles are closer together in a solid.
- The mass of a substance per unit volume is higher in a solid than in a liquid.
Calculating Density
- Density = Mass / Volume
- Units: Mass (kg), Volume (m³), Density (kg/m³)
- Example: Calculating the density of an iron girder: Density = 7074 kg / 0.9 m³ = 7860 kg/m³
- Example: Calculating the mass of a delivery of copper: Mass = Density x Volume = 8960 kg/m³ x 0.5 m³ = 4480 kg
Measuring Density
- Method for measuring density of a liquid:
- Place a measuring cylinder on a balance and pour in the liquid
- Use the volume in the measuring cylinder and the mass on the balance to calculate density
- Method for measuring density of a solid:
- Place a solid on a balance to measure its mass
- Fill a displacement can with water and place a measuring cylinder under the spout
- Add the solid into the water, the water displaced is the volume of the solid
- Calculate the density
Changes of State
- Changes of state are physical changes because no new substances are formed (the particle arrangement just changes)
- Types of changes of state:
- Sublimation
- Melting
- Boiling
- Freezing
- Condensing
- Deposition
Properties of Solids, Liquids, and Gases
- Solids cannot be compressed because there are no gaps between the particles
- Liquids are similar to solids and cannot be compressed
- Gases can be compressed because there are lots of space between the particles
This quiz covers the explanation of why densities of solid and liquid substances differ, and calculates the change in volume when 2000 kg of copper is melted. Understand the relationship between particle arrangement and density, and practice volume calculations for phase changes.
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