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Questions and Answers
What is the primary factor that has decreased population estimates in Africa?
What is the average number of children a woman would need to have to replace herself and her partner?
What is the global total fertility rate (TFR)?
What is the term for the maximum number of individuals a particular environment can support for an indefinite period?
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What is the demographic transition model?
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What is the primary factor that affects decisions about family size?
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What is the term for the proportion of people at each age in a population?
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What is the term for the number of nonworking compared with working individuals in a population?
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Study Notes
Human Population Demographics and Growth
- Africa has the most rapidly growing human population of all continents.
- HIV/AIDS infections and deaths have decreased population estimates, with 70% of new infections occurring in sub-Saharan Africa, resulting in many children being orphaned and a 10-year drop in average life expectancy.
Demography and Population Statistics
- Demography is the applied branch of sociology that studies population statistics, structure, and growth.
- Demographics is the application of population statistics.
Human Population Growth and Fertility
- The world growth rate (r) is a measure of population growth.
- Replacement Level Fertility is the number of children a couple must produce to "replace themselves", which is 2.1 children per couple.
- Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is the average number of children per woman, with a worldwide TFR of 2.5 children.
Life Expectancy and Age Structure
- Life Expectancy is the average age a newborn infant can expect to attain in a given society, ranging from 40 to 67.2 years worldwide.
- Age Structure refers to the number and proportion of people at each age in a population.
Dependency Ratio and Social Pressures
- Dependency Ratio is the number of non-working individuals compared to working individuals in a population.
- Social and economic pressures, including education and income, affect decisions about family size.
Demographic Transition and Population Stability
- The Demographic Transition Model predicts declining birth and death rates due to improved living conditions and economic development.
- Improving women's lives, through education and empowerment, is key to population stability.
Family Planning and Earth's Carrying Capacity
- Family Planning Services enable individuals to limit family size, safeguard health rights, and improve quality of life.
- Earth's Carrying Capacity (K) is the maximum number of individuals a particular environment can support indefinitely, assuming no environmental changes.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of human population demographics, growth, and carrying capacity, with a focus on the African continent and the impact of HIV/AIDS on population statistics.
