Demographics and Aging Population

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Questions and Answers

What is the projected number of people aged over 60 years by 2025?

1200 million (correct)

1500 million

900 million

600 million

What is the approximate increase in the number of 15 to 19 year olds in Western Australia between 2002 and 2022?

10,000 (correct)

20,000

30,000

5,000

What is the average annual growth rate of the working age population by the end of the 2020s?

17,000

20,000

25,000

13,000 (correct)

What is the process of population growth from low to high to low population growth called?

Demographic transition Signup and view all the answers

What is China's annual population growth rate in 2018?

0.38% Signup and view all the answers

How long did it take Europe to complete the demographic transition?

A century Signup and view all the answers

What was the main contribution of China's government policy to the increase in lifespan in the 20th century?

Rigorously starting family planning in the 1970s Signup and view all the answers

What was the approximate ratio of boys to girls born in China during the 1960s and 1970s?

108 boys for every 100 girls Signup and view all the answers

What was the total fertility rate in China in 1978?

2.7 Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of China's total population was 65 years and older by the end of 2018?

11.9% Signup and view all the answers

How many years of human history did it take to achieve the same increase in lifespan as in the 20th century?

5000 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate number of people not born due to the One-Child Policy in China?

0.4 billion Signup and view all the answers

What is the main challenge of the 21st century according to the World Health Organization?

To decrease the period of morbidity at the end of the lifespan Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Successful Ageing?

Maximising function and minimising morbidity as you age Signup and view all the answers

What is expected to happen to China's labor market due to its ageing population?

The labor market will experience a shortage of workers Signup and view all the answers

What is the projected percentage of China's population that will be 65 and older by 2050?

22.9% Signup and view all the answers

What is the shift in research focus on ageing that has occurred since the 1970s?

From negative to positive impacts Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of Successful Ageing?

The ability to maintain low risk of disease or disability, high mental & physical function, and active engagement with life Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Global Aging Population

The global population aged over 60 years is projected to reach 1.2 billion by 2025, up from approximately 600 million by the end of the 20th century.

Australian Demographics

Between 2002 and 2022, the number of 15 to 19 year olds in Western Australia increased by approximately 10,000.
In the same period, the number of individuals aged between 50 and 59 years old increased by 110,000 (Australian Bureau of Statistics).

Workforce Growth

The working-age population in the early 21st century grew by around 170,000 per year.
By the end of the 2020s, the increase in workforce growth dropped to an average of less than 13,000 per year (Access Economics).

Demographic Transition

The demographic transition refers to the process of population growth, from low to high to low population growth.
The demographic transition took about a century in Europe, but has proceeded more rapidly in other countries since World War II.
China has made its demographic transition under unusual circumstances and in less than 20 years.

China's Population Growth Rate

China's annual population growth rate was 0.53% in 2017 and dropped to 0.38% in 2018.
The world average population growth rate is 1.16%.

Increase in Lifespan

The 20th century saw a significant increase in lifespan, exceeding the progress made in the previous 5000 years of human history.
In China, government policies, particularly the One-Child Policy, played a crucial role in this increase.

China's Population Control

China's first modern census in 1953 recorded a population of 594 million.
The government initiated family planning, which was later abandoned, but rigorously started in the 1970s.
The total fertility rate was cut in half from 5.8 in 1970 to 2.7 in 1978.
The One-Child Policy led to a reduction of 0.4 billion people in the population.

Population Demographics

The average ratio of boys to girls born is 106:100, with China's ratio being around 108:100 in the 1960s and 1970s.
By the end of 2018, 11.9% of China's population was 65 years and older, and 17.9% was 60 years and older.
By 2050, 35% of China's population is expected to be 60 and older, and 22.9% will be 65 and older.

Impact of Aging on Economy

A favorable population structure helped China create conditions for high potential growth.
However, the negative growth in the working-age population will lead to a labor shortage, weakening China's industry.

Solutions to Aging Population

Immigration
Improved fertility rates
Improved aging
Increased age for retirement

Positive Impacts of Aging

Research until the 1970s focused on negative impacts of aging, such as disease and cognitive decline.
Emerging research highlights the positive impacts of aging, emphasizing the importance of investing in aging well.

Successful Ageing

Concerns itself with maximizing function, minimizing morbidity, and maintaining well-being.
Defined as the ability to maintain low risk of disease or disability, high mental and physical function, and active engagement with life.

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Description

This quiz covers demographic trends, particularly the growth of the aging population worldwide and in Western Australia.