Demographic Measures and Health Indicators

Study Notes

Demography: Scientific study of human populations; focuses on size, composition, and distribution of populations.
Population Size: Determined by census; significant values include:
- 1799: 1,502,574
- 1877: 5,984,727
- 2023: 117,337,368
Census: A complete count of a population in a specific location.
Population Allocation Methods:
- De Facto Method: Counts individuals present in a location.
- De Jure Method: Counts individuals based on legal residence.

Factors Influencing Composition:
- Birth Rate: Births per 1,000 people; influenced by fertility, societal values, policies, culture, and religion.
- Death Rate: Deaths per 1,000 people; influenced by health conditions, medical technology, and societal peace.
- Emigration: People leaving a country due to push factors.
- Immigration: People entering a country due to pull factors.

Median Age: 25 years in the Philippines (2023); divides population into halves.
Age-Dependency Ratio: Measures economic burden of dependents (children + elderly) on the working-age population.
- Formula: ( \frac{(0-14) + (65+)}{15-64} \times 100 )
- Composition:
  - Age Group 0-14: 39.5% (24,004,586)
  - Age Group 15-64: 57.1% (34,629,959)
  - Age Group 65+: 3.4% (2,063,445)
Sex Ratio: Number of males per 100 females; birth ratio at around 105, tends to decrease with age.
Population Pyramid: A histogram showing age and sex distribution; males on left, females on right, youngest at the bottom.

Definition: Quantitative measures summarizing aspects of population health, expressed as ratios and rates.
Uses:
- Identifying disease causation and control factors.
- Identifying public health issues and resource needs.
- Allocating health resources and monitoring programs.

Fertility Indicators:
- Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Births per 1,000 population.
- General Fertility Rate (GFR): Births per 1,000 women aged 15-44.
Mortality Indicators:
- Crude Death Rate (CDR): Deaths per 1,000 population.
- Specific Mortality Rates: Focused on subpopulations (e.g., age-specific).
- Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): Deaths under 1 year per 1,000 live births; reflects health conditions and services.
CFR (Case Fatality Rate): Proportion of cases that result in death.

CBR: ( \frac{no. , of , livebirths}{midyear , population} \times 1000 )
GFR: ( \frac{no. , of , livebirths}{midyear , population , of , women , 15-44} \times 1000 )
CDR: ( \frac{total , deaths}{midyear , population} \times 1000 )
IMR: ( \frac{deaths , under , 1 , year}{livebirths} \times 1000 )
CFR: ( \frac{deaths , from , specific , cause}{cases , of , the , same , disease} \times 10,000 )

Crude Birth Rate: Calculated CBR of 19 live births per 1,000 residents with 1,782,981 registered births.
Crude Death Rate: CDR of 6 deaths per 1,000 population with 488,265 registered deaths.
Infant Mortality Rate: Key indicator of health infrastructure; higher rates signify underlying health issues.

These notes capture the essential demographic measures and health indicators mentioned, providing a clear and concise reference.