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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a physiological or metabolic cause of delirium?
Which of the following is a physiological or metabolic cause of delirium?
- HIV
- Sepsis
- Dehydration (correct)
- Meningitis
Which electrolyte disturbance can contribute to delirium?
Which electrolyte disturbance can contribute to delirium?
- HIV
- Hypokalemia (correct)
- Meningitis
- Urinary tract infection
Which substance intoxication can lead to delirium?
Which substance intoxication can lead to delirium?
- Alcohol (correct)
- Vitamin C deficiency
- Syphilis
- Thiamine deficiency
Which infection is categorized as a systemic cause of delirium?
Which infection is categorized as a systemic cause of delirium?
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Study Notes
Causes of Delirium
- Delirium can result from various physiological or metabolic causes: These may include dehydration, renal failure, and hepatic dysfunction, all impacting brain function.
Electrolyte Disturbances
- Electrolyte imbalances that can contribute to delirium include hyponatremia (low sodium levels), hypercalcemia (high calcium levels), and hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels), disrupting neuronal activity.
Substance Intoxication
- Certain substance intoxications lead to delirium, notably alcohol intoxication, sedative-hypnotics, and opioids. These substances can impair cognitive function significantly.
Systemic Infection
- Systemic infections categorized as a cause of delirium often include pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and sepsis. These infections release inflammatory mediators that can affect mental status.
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