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Questions and Answers
Which term is an example of a proximal deictic expression in English?
What do deictic expressions rely on for their interpretation?
What is the main function of deictic terms in face-to-face spoken interaction?
In English, which term would generally refer to a time point centered around the moment of the speaker's utterance?
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Which type of deictic expression indicates 'away from both speaker and addressee'?
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What is the fundamental distinction between proximal and distal deictic expressions?
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How is psychological distance related to physical distance in spatial deixis?
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In the context of dramatic performance, what is accomplished by using direct speech according to the text?
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What is the function of temporal deixis in distinguishing proximal and distal expressions?
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How does a speaker mark something that is physically close but psychologically distant according to the text?
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Why do physically close objects tend to be treated as psychologically close according to the text?
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What is the main purpose of using direct speech in a dramatic performance based on the text?
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What is the Japanese translation of 'that' used for something near the addressee?
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Which pronoun in Japanese indicates 'that distant from both the speaker and addressee'?
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What term is used in Japanese for 'this near the speaker'?
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Which type of deixis involves the basic three-part division of first person (T), second person ('you'), and third person ('he', 'she', or 'it')?
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In language, what are expressions indicating higher status described as?
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'Social deixis' refers to circumstances leading to the choice of certain linguistic forms based on what factor?
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Study Notes
Deictic Projection
- Deictic projection is accomplished through dramatic performance, where direct speech represents a person, location, or feeling, such as telling a story about a pet store visit.
- It involves using words like "here" to refer to a location that is not the speaker's physical location, but rather the location of the person or thing being portrayed.
Spatial Deixis
- Spatial deixis refers to the use of words like "here" and "there" to indicate proximity or distance from the speaker.
- Physically close objects are treated as psychologically close, while physically distant objects are treated as psychologically distant.
- A word like "that" does not have a fixed meaning, but is invested with meaning in a specific context by the speaker.
Person Deixis
- Person deixis involves the distinction between the speaker (T), the addressee (you), and others (he, she, it).
- This distinction is complex and can be problematic for young children to learn.
- Person deixis operates on a three-part division, with pronouns for first person (T), second person (you), and third person (he, she, or it).
Social Deixis
- Social deixis refers to the use of markers of relative social status, such as honorifics, to indicate the speaker's relationship to the addressee.
Temporal Deixis
- Temporal deixis involves the use of words like "now" and "then" to indicate time.
- Proximal terms like "now" are interpreted in terms of the speaker's location, while distal terms like "then" indicate a time away from the speaker.
Contextual Dependence
- Deictic expressions rely on the speaker and hearer sharing the same context for interpretation.
- These expressions are often used in face-to-face spoken interaction, but may require translation for someone not present.
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Description
Test your knowledge on deictic expressions, which are among the first forms spoken by very young children, used to indicate people, location, and time. Learn how these expressions rely on a shared context between the speaker and the listener.
