12 Questions
What is the consequence of losing more than 20% of body water?
Death
Which of the following is NOT a cause of water excess (hydration) hypervolemia?
Heart stroke
What are the features associated with dehydration according to the text?
Dryness of skin, changes in packed cell volume, increased urine osmolality
What is the treatment recommended for dehydration in severe cases according to the text?
Intravenous infusion of fluids (normal saline)
Which condition results in dryness of skin, tongue, and throat?
Dehydration (Hypovolemia)
What causes the passage of K & Na from ECF to ICF during dehydration?
Exchange as water comes out of cells
Which feature is NOT associated with water excess (hydration) hypervolemia?
Decreased PCV
What is the primary cause of hyperchloremia according to the text?
Dehydration
Which condition is characterized by a decrease in aldosterone, reabsorption of chloride, and concentration of chloride ion?
Addison's disease
What effect does aldosterone have on the reabsorption of chloride at renal tubules according to the text?
Increases reabsorption of chloride
In which condition does elimination of CO2 increase, leading to an increase in blood bicarbonate concentration?
Respiratory alkalosis
What is the consequence of a decrease in reabsorption of chloride and concentration of chloride ion?
Development of hypochloremia
Study Notes
Dehydration and Hydration Imbalance
Dehydration
- Losing more than 20% of body water leads to severe consequences
- Features of dehydration: dryness of skin, tongue, and throat
- Treatment for severe dehydration: recommended treatment not specified in the text
Water Excess (Hydration) Hypervolemia
- NOT a cause of water excess (hydration) hypervolemia: not specified in the text
- Feature NOT associated with water excess (hydration) hypervolemia: not specified in the text
Electrolyte Imbalance
- Passage of K+ and Na+ from ECF to ICF during dehydration is caused by: not specified in the text
- Hyperchloremia primary cause: not specified in the text
Aldosterone and Chloride Reabsorption
- Aldosterone effect on chloride reabsorption at renal tubules: increases reabsorption
- Condition characterized by decrease in aldosterone, reabsorption of chloride, and concentration of chloride ion: not specified in the text
- Consequence of decrease in reabsorption of chloride and concentration of chloride ion: not specified in the text
Respiratory and Metabolic Changes
- Condition where elimination of CO2 increases, leading to increased blood bicarbonate concentration: not specified in the text
Learn about the disturbance of water balance in the body known as dehydration. Understand how excessive loss of water affects plasma, ECF, and ICF levels. Explore the causes of dehydration such as severe diarrhea, vomiting, and lack of drinking water.
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