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What is deforestation?
The clearing of forests and using the land for other purposes.
Which of the following is a consequence of deforestation? (Select all that apply)
Define drought.
A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water.
What is desertification?
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What are biosphere reserves primarily established for?
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
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What is the purpose of Project Tiger?
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What does the Red Data Book provide?
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Endangered animals are those whose numbers are increasing.
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Study Notes
Deforestation
- Clearing forests for other purposes is called deforestation.
- Causes include land for cultivation, building houses and factories, using wood for fuel and furniture, and natural events like forest fires and droughts.
Consequences of Deforestation
- Increased temperature and pollution levels on Earth.
- Increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, contributing to global warming.
- Lowered groundwater levels.
- Disrupted balance in nature.
- Decreased rainfall, leading to droughts.
- Soil erosion and decreased soil fertility, resulting in desertification.
- Decreased water holding capacity of soil, leading to floods.
Drought
- Deforestation reduces carbon dioxide absorption, increasing atmospheric levels.
- This contributes to global warming, as carbon dioxide traps heat.
- Increased temperatures disrupt the water cycle, potentially reducing rainfall and causing droughts.
Desertification
- Removal of topsoil exposes hard, rocky layers with low humus and air content.
- These layers are less fertile, turning the soil into a desert-like state known as desertification.
Conservation of Forests and Wildlife
- Conservation efforts include establishing biosphere reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, and national parks.
Biosphere Reserves
- Large protected areas for biodiversity conservation and preserving tribal life.
- Pachemarhi Biosphere Reserve includes the Satpura National Park and Bori and Pachmarhi wildlife sanctuaries.
Flora and Fauna
- Flora refers to plants in a specific area.
- Pachmarhi's flora includes sal, teak, wild mango, jamun, and silver ferns.
- Fauna refers to animals in a specific area.
- Pachmarhi's fauna includes wild dog, cheetal, wolf, leopard, blue bull, and barking deer.
Endemic Species
- Endemic species are unique to a particular area.
- Sal and wild mango are endemic plants in Pachmarhi.
- Bison, Indian giant squirrel, and flying squirrel are endemic animals in Pachmarhi.
Wildlife Sanctuaries
- Areas where animals are protected from disturbance.
- Killing or capturing animals in sanctuaries is strictly prohibited.
National Parks
- Areas reserved for wildlife, allowing them to use habitats and natural resources freely.
- Satpura National Park is India's first Reserve Forest.
Project Tiger
- Launched in 1973 to ensure a viable tiger population in their natural habitats.
- Aims to protect tigers from extinction and preserve biologically important areas.
- Tiger reserves act as breeding nuclei, allowing surplus animals to migrate to adjacent forests.
Red Data Book
- A central information source about rare and endangered species and their habitats.
- Used for research, monitoring, and developing protection and rehabilitation measures.
Endangered Animals
- Endangered animals have diminishing numbers and face extinction.
- Tiger is an example of an endangered animal.
- Project Tiger aims to ensure the survival of tiger populations.
- Dinosaurs are extinct.
- Red Data Books record endangered species.
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Description
This quiz explores the causes and effects of deforestation, including its role in global warming, soil erosion, and drought. Learn how the removal of forests impacts the environment and contributes to significant ecological issues. Test your knowledge on this critical subject!
