Defining Obesity as a Disease

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What is a characteristic of a chronic disease?

It has a short duration

It has a long duration (correct)

It is easily managed

It affects only one system

What is a consequence of obesity on the body?

It compromises anatomy and physiology (correct)

It has no effect on physical wellbeing

It improves mental wellbeing

It increases exercise performance

What is sick fat disease associated with?

Improved quality of life

Chronic low-grade inflammation (correct)

Reduced joint stress

Biomechanical challenges

Why can added joint stress compromise obesity interventions?

It makes exercise painful Signup and view all the answers

What is a difference between sick fat disease and fat mass disease?

Sick fat disease is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation Signup and view all the answers

How does obesity affect the body's structure and function?

It compromises the body's structure and function Signup and view all the answers

What is a common health effect of chronic low-grade inflammation?

Several negative health effects Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge of obesity management?

It requires a long-term, systematic approach Signup and view all the answers

What is a common mental health effect of obesity?

Depression Signup and view all the answers

What is a common form of discrimination faced by individuals with obesity?

Bias and poor treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is a key determinant of body size?

Genetics Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical case for genetic causes of obesity?

Polygenic, caused by a combination of small effects in several genes Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the technique used to examine the genetic makeup of millions of individuals around the world?

Genome-wide association studies Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of identical twins in terms of body mass index (BMI)?

They have a strong correlation in BMI Signup and view all the answers

What is a common observation in terms of body size and shape among family members?

Our body size and shape resemble our mother or father's at the same age Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate number of sites in the human genome that promote an increased risk for obesity?

100 Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the trial that investigated the effect of naltrexone plus bupropion on weight loss in overweight and obese adults?

COR-I Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the hormone that is associated with resistance in the context of weight loss?

Leptin Signup and view all the answers

What type of diets were found to cause excess calorie intake and weight gain in an inpatient randomized controlled trial?

Ultra-processed diets Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the journal that published a study on the effects of high protein diets on thermogenesis, satiety, and weight loss?

Journal of the American College of Nutrition Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which the body generates heat, which is associated with weight loss?

Thermogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a strategy that has been investigated for weight loss?

Yoga exercises Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the feeling of being full or satisfied after eating?

Satiety Signup and view all the answers

Who conducted a study on the effects of high protein diets on thermogenesis, satiety, and weight loss?

Halton and Hu Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between minimally processed foods and ultra-processed foods in terms of satiety and blood sugar levels?

Minimally processed foods are more satiating and less hyperglycemic Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the study by Fiszman and Varela (2013)?

The satiating mechanisms of major food constituents Signup and view all the answers

What is the time period covered in the systematic literature review by Galmiche et al. (2019)?

2000-2018 Signup and view all the answers

What is the topic of the report by Gionet and Roshanafshar (2013)?

Select health indicators of First Nations people living off reserve, Métis and Inuit Signup and view all the answers

What is the main finding of the study by Goldschmidt et al. (2016)?

Shared risk factors for mood-, eating-, and weight-related health outcomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the study by Goran and Gower (1999)?

The relation between visceral fat and disease risk in children and adolescents Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of minimally processed foods compared to ultra-processed foods?

Higher satiety and lower glycemic index Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following studies did not focus on eating disorders?

Goran and Gower (1999) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of weight reduction on the body's water compartments?

Increased extracellular water compartment relative to intracellular water compartment Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the study by Locke et al. (2015)?

Genetic studies of body mass index Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the medication mentioned in the article by Mancini and de Melo (2017)?

Liraglutide 3.0 mg Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the method used to assess human body composition in the study by Lukaski et al. (1986)?

Tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the article by Lupton (2018)?

Food tracking apps and their effects on users Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the journal that published the study by Locke et al. (2015)?

Nature Signup and view all the answers

What is the topic of the review by Mantzios and Wilson (2015)?

Mindfulness, eating behaviors, and obesity Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the study by Lukaski et al. (1986) on the validation of tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance?

The method was found to be highly effective for assessing body composition Signup and view all the answers