Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the knitting machine-related causes of barré?
What is one of the knitting machine-related causes of barré?
Which recommendation is effective in minimizing barré in knitted fabric?
Which recommendation is effective in minimizing barré in knitted fabric?
What is a likely cause of spirality in knitwear?
What is a likely cause of spirality in knitwear?
Which action is suggested to potentially prevent spirality when using unbalanced yarn?
Which action is suggested to potentially prevent spirality when using unbalanced yarn?
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What effect does machine vibration have on fabric quality?
What effect does machine vibration have on fabric quality?
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What aspect of yarn management is crucial for avoiding barré?
What aspect of yarn management is crucial for avoiding barré?
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Which factor does NOT contribute to the occurrence of barré?
Which factor does NOT contribute to the occurrence of barré?
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Which type of knit structure tends to lessen the impact of spirality?
Which type of knit structure tends to lessen the impact of spirality?
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What distortion is referred to when a line or design curves across the fabric?
What distortion is referred to when a line or design curves across the fabric?
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What causes needle lines or vertical lines in the fabric?
What causes needle lines or vertical lines in the fabric?
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What is a common reason for holes forming in the fabric during knitting?
What is a common reason for holes forming in the fabric during knitting?
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What term describes the appearance of a stripe with shaded edges in knitted fabric?
What term describes the appearance of a stripe with shaded edges in knitted fabric?
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What leads to a dropped stitch during knitting?
What leads to a dropped stitch during knitting?
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What causes cloth fall-out during the knitting process?
What causes cloth fall-out during the knitting process?
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Which of the following is a cause of bunching up in knitted fabric?
Which of the following is a cause of bunching up in knitted fabric?
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What can result in the formation of a run or ladder in knitted fabric?
What can result in the formation of a run or ladder in knitted fabric?
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What is the primary consequence of spirality in weft knitted fabrics?
What is the primary consequence of spirality in weft knitted fabrics?
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Which of the following is a method used to correct spirality in knitted garments?
Which of the following is a method used to correct spirality in knitted garments?
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Which factor does NOT contribute to the tendency of facing-up in fabrics?
Which factor does NOT contribute to the tendency of facing-up in fabrics?
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How is percent change in spirality calculated?
How is percent change in spirality calculated?
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What is the main cause of facing-up in knitted garments?
What is the main cause of facing-up in knitted garments?
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Which of the following statements about fiber migration is accurate?
Which of the following statements about fiber migration is accurate?
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What impact does fabric softener have on the tendency for fibers to migrate?
What impact does fabric softener have on the tendency for fibers to migrate?
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What common issue arises from the distorted loop structure in knitted garments?
What common issue arises from the distorted loop structure in knitted garments?
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What is cockling defined as?
What is cockling defined as?
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Which type of cockling is caused by a difference in the relaxed widths of rib and plain knit structures?
Which type of cockling is caused by a difference in the relaxed widths of rib and plain knit structures?
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Which yarn characteristics are most likely to increase the tendency for loop distortion?
Which yarn characteristics are most likely to increase the tendency for loop distortion?
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What contributes to package dyeing increasing loop distortion?
What contributes to package dyeing increasing loop distortion?
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Which type of yarn structure is more prone to cockling and loop distortion?
Which type of yarn structure is more prone to cockling and loop distortion?
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Which factor is least likely to influence loop distortion and cockling?
Which factor is least likely to influence loop distortion and cockling?
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What is the primary cause of random all-over cockling?
What is the primary cause of random all-over cockling?
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How does yarn twist regularity affect loop distortion?
How does yarn twist regularity affect loop distortion?
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Study Notes
Defects in Knitted Fabrics
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Skew or Bias: A line or design running at an angle across the cloth. The effect is caused by an uneven distribution of tension during knitting.
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Bowing or Twisting: A line or design curving across the fabric due to issues with the take-up mechanism on the knitting machine.
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Knots: Small imperfections in the fabric, often appearing as knotted sections.
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Thick and Thin Yarn: Variations in yarn thickness visible in the fabric's structure.
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Uneven Yarn Structure: An irregular appearance of the yarn structure within the fabric.
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Course Yarn: A thicker or denser line or part of a single design line in the fabric.
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Slub: A defect where the yarn's thickness varies erratically, creating a visibly uneven fabric texture.
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Needle Lines: Vertical lines in the fabric that are the result of a wale (vertical column of stitches) being tighter or looser than surrounding wales.
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Needle Run: A defect caused by issues such as bent, broken, misaligned, dirty needles, improper yarn guide settings, or machinery vibration resulting in broken, skipped or damaged stitches.
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Fabric Run or Ladder: Row of dropped stitches in the fabric's wale (vertical column of stitches), appearing as a crack.
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Holes: Large openings within the knitted fabric caused by broken threads at specific points in the knitting process. Possible causes encompass faulty yarn, machine issues, or yarn characteristics.
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Cloth Fall Out: Fabric dropping out, usually happening after a broken stitch where an empty needle runs into yarn fed into the machine.
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Bunching Up: Fabric distortion, largely caused by an improperly functioning fabric take-up mechanism.
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Shade Bar/Barre: Horizontal stripes with shaded edges, frequently occurring in weft knits, and vertical stripes in warp knits.
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Fly Yarn Contamination: A foreign fibre found in the fabric.
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Fabric Weight out of Tolerance: Fabric weight deviates from the expected or desired measurement.
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Fabric Elongation not as Approved: Fabric elasticity doesn't conform to the required standard.
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Dye Mark: An unwanted colour irregularity in the dye of the fabric.
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Stain: Spotting caused by oil or dirt.
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Missing Plush Loop: Fabric has missing loops, caused by malfunctioning of the loop forming mechanism in the machine.
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Pin Marks: Marks in the fabric, stemming from improperly adjusted pin mechanisms in machines used for fabric processing
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Spirality: A defect in knitted fabric where the vertical wales lose their correct perpendicular alignment to the horizontal courses, usually due to uneven yarn twist. It often creates distorted seams or a spiral effect and it is a common issue in single jersey knits.
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Facing-Up: Unwanted fibres migrating to the surface of the fabric in a gradual process, due to friction from use or manufacturing processes, frequently culminating in pilling.
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Cockling and Loop Distortion: Irregular fabric surface resulting from deformed or twisted knitted loops. Causes encompass yarn quality and production factors. There are three forms of this defect: rib/plain interface, panel edge, or random. Possible causes for cockling include yarn diameter, unevenly twisted yarn, method or machinery defects in the dyeing process.
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Description
This quiz explores various defects commonly found in knitted fabrics, such as skew, bowing, knots, and uneven yarn structures. Understand the causes and implications of these imperfections in textile production. Perfect for students and professionals in textile engineering and fashion design.
