Lecture 22

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Questions and Answers

What is the most prevalent form of RNA editing in humans?

  • A to I editing (correct)
  • C to U editing
  • Edits in exons
  • Edits in introns

Which enzyme is responsible for RNA editing of apoB pre-mRNA in liver cells?

  • ADAR2
  • ADAR1
  • APOBEC
  • ADARs (correct)

What is the consequence of RNA editing in intestinal cell APOB mRNA?

  • Addition of a C-terminal domain
  • Expression of a longer apoB-100 protein
  • Exon 26 CAA coding edited to a UAA stop codon (correct)
  • Decreased lipid association in the N-terminal domain

What is the significance of RNA editing in Antarctic octopus?

<p>Altering amino acid sequence of potassium channel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of S. cerevisiae Ira protein?

<p>GTPase activating protein that activates GTPase activity of Ras (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of defective NF1 in humans?

<p>Abnormally high Ras signaling and excessive cell division (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of doublesex RNAi in large males?

<p>Reduces the size of large horns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of low temperatures on nerve cells in octopus?

<p>Delays K+ channels closing, hindering neuron’s ability to fire (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is deep homology?

<p>Similarity due to shared ancestry between structures or genes in different taxa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can gene duplication lead to?

<p>Neofunctionalization and subfunctionalization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is LUCA in the context of evolutionary biology?

<p>Last universal common ancestor of all extant life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the RNA World hypothesis about?

<p>Early synthesis and random polymerization of nucleotides leading to emergence of functional ribozymes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of evolutionary co-option of sex determination pathway in beetle horn plasticity?

<p>Males and females having unique doublesex isoforms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of gene flow in evolution?

<p>Transfer of genetic material between populations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of natural selection in evolution?

<p>Favoring traits that increase an organism's chances of survival and reproduction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of genomic variation through recombination?

<p>Generation of longer oligomers that can fold into structures of varying complexity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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