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Questions and Answers
Which type of gills are found in most fishes?
Which type of gills are found in most fishes?
- Internal gills (correct)
- Cutaneous gills
- Air breathing gills
- External gills
What are external gills primarily found in?
What are external gills primarily found in?
- Adult polypterians
- Larval chondrichthyans (correct)
- Adult chondrichthyans
- Adult lungfish
Which medium has higher O2 solubility compared to the other?
Which medium has higher O2 solubility compared to the other?
- Air
- Both have equal O2 solubility
- O2 solubility is not relevant for respiration
- Water (correct)
Which property of water affects the density and viscosity compared to air?
Which property of water affects the density and viscosity compared to air?
Which statement about water breathing is true?
Which statement about water breathing is true?
What is the primary stimulus for respiration in fishes?
What is the primary stimulus for respiration in fishes?
Which gas has higher solubility in water?
Which gas has higher solubility in water?
What is the unit of pressure according to Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure?
What is the unit of pressure according to Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure?
Which type of gill ventilation mechanism is used in fishes?
Which type of gill ventilation mechanism is used in fishes?
What is the main purpose of the buccal-opercular pump in fishes?
What is the main purpose of the buccal-opercular pump in fishes?
Which gas makes up 21% of air?
Which gas makes up 21% of air?
What is the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in air at sea level (760 torr)?
What is the partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in air at sea level (760 torr)?
According to Fick's Law of Diffusion, what is the relationship between the diffusion of gases and the pressure gradient?
According to Fick's Law of Diffusion, what is the relationship between the diffusion of gases and the pressure gradient?
Which organ is the most efficient gas exchange organ in vertebrates?
Which organ is the most efficient gas exchange organ in vertebrates?
What factors affect the control of blood flow in the fish gills?
What factors affect the control of blood flow in the fish gills?
What is the mechanism of oxygen uptake in fish gills that maximizes oxygen uptake?
What is the mechanism of oxygen uptake in fish gills that maximizes oxygen uptake?
What is the relationship between lamellar surface area and oxygen demand in fish gills?
What is the relationship between lamellar surface area and oxygen demand in fish gills?
What is the purpose of gill remodeling in crucian carp and goldfish exposed to hypoxia?
What is the purpose of gill remodeling in crucian carp and goldfish exposed to hypoxia?
What is the primary mechanism of gill ventilation in aquatic organisms?
What is the primary mechanism of gill ventilation in aquatic organisms?
Which type of fish uses buccal-parabranchial pump architecture for gill ventilation?
Which type of fish uses buccal-parabranchial pump architecture for gill ventilation?
Which of the following is a solution for air breathing problems in fish?
Which of the following is a solution for air breathing problems in fish?
What is the main reason why gills are generally reduced in air-breathing fish?
What is the main reason why gills are generally reduced in air-breathing fish?
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of air breathing in fish?
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of air breathing in fish?
Which fish species is an obligate air breather?
Which fish species is an obligate air breather?
Which of the following factors does NOT affect oxygen consumption in fish?
Which of the following factors does NOT affect oxygen consumption in fish?
Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting oxygen consumption in fish?
Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting oxygen consumption in fish?
Which of the following is true about gills in fish?
Which of the following is true about gills in fish?
Which of the following is NOT an accessory breathing organ in fish?
Which of the following is NOT an accessory breathing organ in fish?
Which of the following is NOT a solution for air breathing problems in fish?
Which of the following is NOT a solution for air breathing problems in fish?
Which fish species ventilates its lung by aspiration?
Which fish species ventilates its lung by aspiration?
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of water breathing for fish compared to air breathing?
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of water breathing for fish compared to air breathing?
Which of the following is NOT a physical or chemical property of water that favors gills as a respiratory organ in fishes?
Which of the following is NOT a physical or chemical property of water that favors gills as a respiratory organ in fishes?
Which of the following is a mechanism of gill ventilation in fishes?
Which of the following is a mechanism of gill ventilation in fishes?
What is the primary stimulus for respiration in fishes?
What is the primary stimulus for respiration in fishes?
Which of the following factors does NOT affect oxygen consumption in fish?
Which of the following factors does NOT affect oxygen consumption in fish?
What is the unit of pressure according to Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure?
What is the unit of pressure according to Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure?
Which of the following is NOT a mode of respiration in fishes?
Which of the following is NOT a mode of respiration in fishes?
Which of the following is true about gills in fish?
Which of the following is true about gills in fish?
Which of the following is NOT an adaptive significance of external gills in fish?
Which of the following is NOT an adaptive significance of external gills in fish?
Which of the following fish species has external gills?
Which of the following fish species has external gills?
Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting oxygen consumption in fish?
Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting oxygen consumption in fish?
What is the primary mechanism of gill ventilation in aquatic organisms?
What is the primary mechanism of gill ventilation in aquatic organisms?
What is the mechanism of oxygen uptake in fish gills that maximizes oxygen uptake?
What is the mechanism of oxygen uptake in fish gills that maximizes oxygen uptake?
Which type of gill ventilation mechanism is used in fishes?
Which type of gill ventilation mechanism is used in fishes?
Which gas makes up 21% of air?
Which gas makes up 21% of air?
What is the main reason why gills are generally reduced in air-breathing fish?
What is the main reason why gills are generally reduced in air-breathing fish?
What factors affect the control of blood flow in the fish gills?
What factors affect the control of blood flow in the fish gills?
What is the purpose of gill remodeling in crucian carp and goldfish exposed to hypoxia?
What is the purpose of gill remodeling in crucian carp and goldfish exposed to hypoxia?
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of air breathing in fish?
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of air breathing in fish?
Which of the following factors does NOT affect oxygen consumption in fish?
Which of the following factors does NOT affect oxygen consumption in fish?
Which medium has higher O2 solubility compared to the other?
Which medium has higher O2 solubility compared to the other?
What is the purpose of gill remodeling in crucian carp and goldfish exposed to hypoxia?
What is the purpose of gill remodeling in crucian carp and goldfish exposed to hypoxia?
Which fish species is an obligate air breather?
Which fish species is an obligate air breather?
What is the main reason why gills are generally reduced in air-breathing fish?
What is the main reason why gills are generally reduced in air-breathing fish?
Which organ is the most efficient gas exchange organ in vertebrates?
Which organ is the most efficient gas exchange organ in vertebrates?
What is the primary stimulus for respiration in fishes?
What is the primary stimulus for respiration in fishes?
What is the primary mechanism of gill ventilation in aquatic organisms?
What is the primary mechanism of gill ventilation in aquatic organisms?
What factors affect the control of blood flow in the fish gills?
What factors affect the control of blood flow in the fish gills?
Which of the following is NOT an accessory breathing organ in fish?
Which of the following is NOT an accessory breathing organ in fish?
Which fish species ventilates its lung by aspiration?
Which fish species ventilates its lung by aspiration?
True or false: Most fishes have internal gills covered by operculum and positioned within gill slits.
True or false: Most fishes have internal gills covered by operculum and positioned within gill slits.
True or false: Water has higher O2 solubility compared to air.
True or false: Water has higher O2 solubility compared to air.
True or false: The primary stimulus for respiration in fishes is oxygen.
True or false: The primary stimulus for respiration in fishes is oxygen.
True or false: Gills are the most efficient gas exchange organ in vertebrates?
True or false: Gills are the most efficient gas exchange organ in vertebrates?
True or false: Lamellar surface area in fish gills is positively correlated with oxygen demand and lifestyle?
True or false: Lamellar surface area in fish gills is positively correlated with oxygen demand and lifestyle?
True or false: Air-breathing fishes drown if they are denied access to air?
True or false: Air-breathing fishes drown if they are denied access to air?
True or false: Gills in air-breathing fish are generally reduced in size compared to water-breathing fish?
True or false: Gills in air-breathing fish are generally reduced in size compared to water-breathing fish?
True or false: Cutaneous respiration is the primary mechanism of respiration in air-breathing fish?
True or false: Cutaneous respiration is the primary mechanism of respiration in air-breathing fish?
True or false: Air-breathing fish have larger lamellar surface area in their gills compared to water-breathing fish?
True or false: Air-breathing fish have larger lamellar surface area in their gills compared to water-breathing fish?
True or false: The buccal-opercular pump is the primary mechanism of gill ventilation in air-breathing fish?
True or false: The buccal-opercular pump is the primary mechanism of gill ventilation in air-breathing fish?
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Study Notes
Respiratory System in Fishes
- Most fishes have internal gills covered by an operculum and positioned within gill slits.
- External gills are primarily found in larval fishes and some primitive species.
- Water has lower O2 solubility compared to air.
- The primary stimulus for respiration in fishes is CO2, not oxygen.
- The partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) in air at sea level is 160 torr.
- The unit of pressure according to Dalton's Law of Partial Pressure is torr.
- Fishes use a buccal-opercular pump mechanism for gill ventilation.
- The main purpose of the buccal-opercular pump is to facilitate gas exchange in fishes.
- Oxygen makes up 21% of air.
- The most efficient gas exchange organ in vertebrates is the lung, not the gills.
- Factors affecting the control of blood flow in the fish gills include CO2, pH, and temperature.
- The mechanism of oxygen uptake in fish gills that maximizes oxygen uptake is the buccal-opercular pump.
- There is a positive correlation between lamellar surface area and oxygen demand in fish gills.
- Gill remodeling in crucian carp and goldfish exposed to hypoxia serves to increase the diffusion capacity of the gills.
Air-Breathing Fishes
- Air-breathing fishes have reduced gills compared to water-breathing fish due to the higher oxygen availability in air.
- The primary mechanism of gill ventilation in air-breathing fishes is the buccal-parabranchial pump architecture.
- Some air-breathing fishes, like the African lungfish, ventilate their lungs by aspiration.
- Oxygen consumption in fish is affected by factors such as temperature, pH, and CO2 levels.
- The snakehead fish is an obligate air breather.
Comparative Respiratory Systems
- Gills are generally reduced in air-breathing fish due to the higher oxygen availability in air.
- The buccal-opercular pump is not the primary mechanism of gill ventilation in air-breathing fish.
- Cutaneous respiration is not the primary mechanism of respiration in air-breathing fish.
- Air-breathing fishes do not drown if denied access to air.
- Air-breathing fish have reduced lamellar surface area in their gills compared to water-breathing fish.
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