FISICA_UNIT

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Questions and Answers

What is the equation of state for a compressible fluid like gases?

$F = \rho gV$

$P = \rho gh$

$PV = nRT$ (correct)

$P = \frac{F}{A}$

According to Boyle's law, for a given amount of gas at constant temperature, what happens to the pressure if the volume is decreased?

The pressure remains constant

The pressure decreases

The pressure increases (correct)

The pressure becomes zero

What does Henry's law describe about the solubility of gases in liquids?

Solubility of a gas in a liquid is inversely proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid

Solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the temperature

Solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid (correct)

Solubility of a gas in a liquid is independent of the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid

What property distinguishes fluids from solids?

Compressibility Signup and view all the answers

According to Archimedes’ Principle, what happens when an object is totally or partially immersed in a fluid?

The object is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the apparent weight and the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid?

$P = P_{app} + E$ Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would a solid object sink in a fluid according to the text?

$\rho = \rho_f, P = E, P > 0, a > 0$ Signup and view all the answers

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid?

The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. Signup and view all the answers

What does the hydrostatic equation state?

The pressure difference between two points of a fluid at rest is given by the sum of the fluid density and the product of the pressure difference and the height difference between the two points. Signup and view all the answers

In which type of systems is manometric pressure difference measured?

High-pressure systems Signup and view all the answers

How does pressure change with depth in a fluid?

Pressure increases with depth in a fluid Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of communicating vessels apply to?

Containers connected by a homogeneous liquid, where the liquid levels in the containers adjust to equalize the pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the main type of intermolecular force?

Hydrogen bonds Signup and view all the answers

What causes surface tension in a liquid?

Net force towards the interior of the liquid Signup and view all the answers

When does capillarity occur in a tube?

When intermolecular forces of a liquid are lower than its internal cohesion Signup and view all the answers

How is pressure defined in hydrodynamics?

Force per unit volume Signup and view all the answers

What does Pascal's Principle state about pressure in a fluid at rest?

It remains constant with depth Signup and view all the answers

What is density?

The mass per unit volume Signup and view all the answers

What is involved in a hydraulic press?

Instantaneous transmission of pressure Signup and view all the answers

What defines equilibrium in a system?

The net force acting on a system is zero. Signup and view all the answers

According to Archimedes’ Principle, what happens to the buoyant force acting on an object when it is totally immersed in a fluid?

It is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object Signup and view all the answers

What does the equation $P = ho g V$ represent in the context of Archimedes’ Principle?

Weight of the fluid displaced by an object Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would a solid object sink in a fluid according to Archimedes’ Principle?

$ ho > ho_f$ and $P > E$ Signup and view all the answers

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about equilibrium of a submerged solid object in a fluid?

$P = E$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation of state for a compressible fluid like gases?

$PV = nRT$ Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes fluids from solids?

Freedom of movement Signup and view all the answers

What does Henry's Law describe about the solubility of gases in liquids?

Solubility is inversely proportional to pressure Signup and view all the answers

What does Boyle-Mariotte's Law describe about the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas?

Pressure is inversely proportional to volume at constant temperature Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for pressure in hydrodynamics?

$P = \frac{F}{A}$ Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes fluids from solids?

Fluidity Signup and view all the answers

What is the main type of intermolecular force mentioned in the text?

Hydrogen bonds Signup and view all the answers

What does Pascal's Principle state about pressure in a fluid at rest?

Pressure at any point in a fluid at rest is transmitted undiminished to all points in the fluid. Signup and view all the answers

What causes surface tension in a liquid?

Molecular forces causing a net force towards the interior of the liquid. Signup and view all the answers

What property defines equilibrium in a system?

The net force acting on a system is zero. Signup and view all the answers

What is involved in a hydraulic press?

Two communicating cylinders filled with a fluid, pistons, and pressure transmitted completely and instantaneously upon force application. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between apparent weight and buoyant force for an object submerged in a fluid?

Apparent weight is reduced by an amount equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. Signup and view all the answers

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about objects immersed in a fluid?

An object experiences an upward buoyant force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. Signup and view all the answers

When does capillarity occur in a tube?

When intermolecular forces of a liquid are lower than its internal cohesion or adhesion to the tube material. Signup and view all the answers

What does the hydrostatic equation state?

In which scenario would a solid object float in a fluid according to the text?

When its weight is less than the buoyant force exerted by the fluid. Signup and view all the answers

What property distinguishes fluids from solids?

Viscosity Signup and view all the answers

What does Pascal's Principle state about pressure in a fluid at rest?

The pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished to all portions of the fluid and walls of its container. Signup and view all the answers

What does Henry's law describe about the solubility of gases in liquids?

The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to its partial pressure above the liquid. Signup and view all the answers

What causes surface tension in a liquid?

Cohesion between molecules Signup and view all the answers

What defines equilibrium in a system?

Absence of net change in state variables over time Signup and view all the answers

How does pressure change with depth in a fluid?

Pressure increases linearly with depth Signup and view all the answers

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid?

The buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to its volume displaced multiplied by acceleration due to gravity. Signup and view all the answers

What does Boyle-Mariotte's Law describe about the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas?

Pressure is inversely proportional to the volume at constant temperature Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes fluids from solids?

Freedom of movement and ability to take on the shape of the container Signup and view all the answers

What does Henry's Law describe about the solubility of gases in liquids?

The solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid Signup and view all the answers

What does Pascal's Principle state about pressure in a fluid at rest?

A change in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to all points in the fluid Signup and view all the answers

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about the buoyant force acting on a totally immersed object in a fluid?

The buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the apparent weight of an object submerged in a fluid compared to its normal weight?

Apparent weight is less than normal weight Signup and view all the answers

What defines whether a solid object sinks, floats, or remains at equilibrium in a fluid according to Archimedes’ Principle?

$\rho > \rho_w$ Signup and view all the answers

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about the equilibrium of a submerged solid object in a fluid?

$P = P_e$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation for pressure in hydrodynamics?

$P = F/A$ Signup and view all the answers

What does Pascal's Principle state about pressure in a fluid at rest?

Pressure is transmitted undiminished to all points in the fluid. Signup and view all the answers

What property distinguishes fluids from solids?

Ability to flow Signup and view all the answers

What is the main type of intermolecular force?

Hydrogen bonds Signup and view all the answers

What causes surface tension in a liquid?

Net force towards the interior of the liquid Signup and view all the answers

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid?

It is equal to the weight of the object displaced by the fluid. Signup and view all the answers

What does Boyle-Mariotte's Law describe about the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas?

They are inversely proportional at constant temperature. Signup and view all the answers

What does Henry's law describe about the solubility of gases in liquids?

Solubility is directly proportional to pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the apparent weight of an object submerged in a fluid compared to its normal weight?

It decreases Signup and view all the answers

What defines equilibrium in a system?

The net force acting on a system is zero. Signup and view all the answers

What does the hydrostatic equation state?

The pressure difference between two points is given by the sum of the fluid density and the product of the pressure difference and the height difference between the two points. Signup and view all the answers

In which scenario would the concept of communicating vessels apply?

Containers connected by a homogeneous liquid, where the liquid levels in the containers adjust to equalize the pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the pressure at increasing depth in a fluid?

It increases. Signup and view all the answers

What does manometric pressure difference refer to?

The pressure difference measured in systems with changing pressures. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Three-dimensional regular configuration: shape and volume well-defined, incompressible, molecules/atoms fixed in a grid.
Intermolecular forces: important in condensed matter, weaker than ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds.
Intermolecular forces: main types are hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces (dipole-dipole, dipole-induced dipole, and London dispersion forces).
Surface tension: due to net force towards interior of liquid caused by molecular forces.
Capillarity: occurs when intermolecular forces of a liquid are lower than its internal cohesion or the adhesion of the liquid to the material of the tube.
Hydrodynamics: pressure is defined as the normal force per unit area acting on a surface.
Pascal's Principle: a change in pressure at any point in a fluid at rest is transmitted undiminished to all points in the fluid.
A fluid's density is the mass per unit volume.
Hydraulic press: consists of two communicating cylinders filled with a fluid, with pistons and pressure is transmitted completely and instantaneously to the surface upon force application.
Equilibrium: the net force acting on a system is zero.
Surface tension and hydrostatic pressure are involved in a fluid's behavior in various physical phenomena.
The text discusses the fundamentals of hydrostatics, which deals with fluids at rest.
The hydrostatic equation states that the pressure difference between two points of a fluid at rest is given by the sum of the fluid density and the product of the pressure difference and the height difference between the two points.
Manometric pressure difference refers to the pressure difference measured in high-pressure systems.
The pressure increases with depth in a fluid.
The pressure difference between two points only depends on the height difference between them, assuming constant density.
The pressure at the free surface of a fluid is equal to the atmospheric pressure.
The concept of communicating vessels applies to containers connected by a homogeneous liquid, where the liquid levels in the containers adjust to equalize the pressure.
The text discusses the fundamentals of hydrostatics, which deals with fluids at rest.
The hydrostatic equation states that the pressure difference between two points of a fluid at rest is given by the sum of the fluid density and the product of the pressure difference and the height difference between the two points.
Manometric pressure difference refers to the pressure difference measured in high-pressure systems.
The pressure increases with depth in a fluid.
The pressure difference between two points only depends on the height difference between them, assuming constant density.
The pressure at the free surface of a fluid is equal to the atmospheric pressure.
The concept of communicating vessels applies to containers connected by a homogeneous liquid, where the liquid levels in the containers adjust to equalize the pressure.

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Questions and Answers

What is the equation of state for a compressible fluid like gases?

According to Boyle's law, for a given amount of gas at constant temperature, what happens to the pressure if the volume is decreased?

What does Henry's law describe about the solubility of gases in liquids?

What property distinguishes fluids from solids?

According to Archimedes’ Principle, what happens when an object is totally or partially immersed in a fluid?

What is the relationship between the apparent weight and the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid?

In which scenario would a solid object sink in a fluid according to the text?

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid?

What does the hydrostatic equation state?

In which type of systems is manometric pressure difference measured?

How does pressure change with depth in a fluid?

What does the concept of communicating vessels apply to?

What is the main type of intermolecular force?

What causes surface tension in a liquid?

When does capillarity occur in a tube?

How is pressure defined in hydrodynamics?

What does Pascal's Principle state about pressure in a fluid at rest?

What is density?

What is involved in a hydraulic press?

What defines equilibrium in a system?

According to Archimedes’ Principle, what happens to the buoyant force acting on an object when it is totally immersed in a fluid?

What does the equation $P = ho g V$ represent in the context of Archimedes’ Principle?

In which scenario would a solid object sink in a fluid according to Archimedes’ Principle?

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about equilibrium of a submerged solid object in a fluid?

What is the equation of state for a compressible fluid like gases?

What distinguishes fluids from solids?

What does Henry's Law describe about the solubility of gases in liquids?

What does Boyle-Mariotte's Law describe about the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas?

What is the equation for pressure in hydrodynamics?

What distinguishes fluids from solids?

What is the main type of intermolecular force mentioned in the text?

What does Pascal's Principle state about pressure in a fluid at rest?

What causes surface tension in a liquid?

What property defines equilibrium in a system?

What is involved in a hydraulic press?

What is the relationship between apparent weight and buoyant force for an object submerged in a fluid?

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about objects immersed in a fluid?

When does capillarity occur in a tube?

What does the hydrostatic equation state?

In which scenario would a solid object float in a fluid according to the text?

What property distinguishes fluids from solids?

What does Pascal's Principle state about pressure in a fluid at rest?

What does Henry's law describe about the solubility of gases in liquids?

What causes surface tension in a liquid?

What defines equilibrium in a system?

How does pressure change with depth in a fluid?

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid?

What does Boyle-Mariotte's Law describe about the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas?

What distinguishes fluids from solids?

What does Henry's Law describe about the solubility of gases in liquids?

What does Pascal's Principle state about pressure in a fluid at rest?

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about the buoyant force acting on a totally immersed object in a fluid?

What happens to the apparent weight of an object submerged in a fluid compared to its normal weight?

What defines whether a solid object sinks, floats, or remains at equilibrium in a fluid according to Archimedes’ Principle?

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about the equilibrium of a submerged solid object in a fluid?

What is the equation for pressure in hydrodynamics?

What does Pascal's Principle state about pressure in a fluid at rest?

What property distinguishes fluids from solids?

What is the main type of intermolecular force?

What causes surface tension in a liquid?

What does Archimedes’ Principle state about the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid?

What does Boyle-Mariotte's Law describe about the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas?

What does Henry's law describe about the solubility of gases in liquids?

What happens to the apparent weight of an object submerged in a fluid compared to its normal weight?

What defines equilibrium in a system?

What does the hydrostatic equation state?

In which scenario would the concept of communicating vessels apply?

What happens to the pressure at increasing depth in a fluid?

What does manometric pressure difference refer to?

Study Notes

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