Decision-Making: Intelligence Phase Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are Simon's four phases of decision making?

  • Research, analysis, selection, and execution
  • Intelligence, design, choice, and implementation (correct)
  • Assessment, development, implementation, and evaluation
  • Planning, execution, evaluation, and modification
  • What is the main advantage of understanding the concepts of rationality and bounded rationality in decision making?

  • To improve the quality of decision making (correct)
  • To eliminate all irrational decisions
  • To decrease the time required for decision making
  • To speed up the implementation phase
  • What is the primary function of Decision Support Systems (DSS) in practice?

  • To make decisions on behalf of the users
  • To provide support for decision making (correct)
  • To automate the entire decision making process
  • To eliminate the need for human decision making
  • Why is it important to dissect DSS into its main concepts when building successful systems?

    <p>To improve understanding and ensure successful system building</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of decision making involves gathering and analyzing information?

    <p>Intelligence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of models in decision making?

    <p>They help simplify complex decision problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of decision making refers to the phenomenon where changes in the decision-making environment may occur continuously?

    <p>Continuous changes in the decision-making environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one area suffering most from fast decisions, as mentioned in the text?

    <p>Human resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Simon (1977), what is managerial decision making synonymous with?

    <p>Entire management process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a system does not meet its established goals, yield predicted results, or work as planned?

    <p>A Problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are problem solving and decision making different according to Simon's phases of the decision process?

    <p>(1)-(4): problem solving; (3): decision making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which discipline contributes a unique, valid view of how people make decisions?

    <p>Management science/operations research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the manner by which decision makers think and react to problems called?

    <p>Decision style</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of models are iconic and scale models examples of?

    <p>Iconic models</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the benefits of models mentioned in the text?

    <p>Ease of manipulation and compression of time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In small organizations, who are mainly responsible for decision making?

    <p>Individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a model represent according to the text?

    <p>A simplified representation of reality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between what people desire (or expect) and what is actually occurring?

    <p>Problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the timely identification of opportunities being as important as the identification of problems?

    <p>Identification of problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may improve the structuredness of a problem situation?

    <p>Information/data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is constructed, tested, and validated during the design phase of decision-making?

    <p>Modeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the acceptability of a solution approach and reflects decision-making objectives?

    <p>Principle of Choice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of models assume that humans are economic beings whose objective is to maximize the attainment of goals?

    <p>(= optimization) models</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of models describe things as they are or as they are believed to be?

    <p>Descriptive models</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Seeking to achieving a desired level of performance as opposed to the 'best'" is associated with which decision-making approach?

    <p>&quot;Good Enough, or Satisficing&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What helps in generating alternatives in most MSS situations?

    <p>&quot;GSS&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "A statement of assumptions about the operating environment (variables) of a particular system at a given time" is known as:

    <p>&quot;Scenario&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Includes the search, evaluation, and recommendation of an appropriate solution to the model" is associated with which phase of decision-making?

    <p>&quot;The Choice Phase&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "Solving with a formula" is an example of which search approach in decision-making?

    <p>&quot;Analytic techniques&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the Implementation phase in decision-making?

    <p>Putting a recommended solution to work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology resource is NOT mentioned as a support for the Intelligence Phase of decision-making?

    <p>Customer Relationship Management (CRM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In decision-making, what does the Design Phase primarily involve?

    <p>Generating alternative courses of action and determining the criteria for choice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT a resource mentioned for supporting the Choice Phase in decision-making?

    <p>ANN</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as critical in dealing with unstructured/complex problems during the Design Phase of decision-making?

    <p>Human experts and brainstorming/GSS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology resource is NOT listed to support the Implementation Phase in decision-making?

    <p>Business activity monitoring (BAM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a new technology mentioned to support decision-making?

    <p>Web-based systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology is NOT listed as part of the new technologies to support decision-making?

    <p>CD-ROMs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a part of resources/technologies mentioned for supporting the Intelligence Phase in decision-making?

    <p>PDA, Cell phones, Tablet PCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of problems require human experts, ES, KMS, brainstorming/GSS, OLAP, data/text mining during decision-making?

    <p>Unstructured/complex problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as enabling continuous scanning of external and internal information sources to identify problems and/or opportunities during the Intelligence Phase of decision-making?

    <p>Enabling continuous scanning of external and internal information sources to identify problems and/or opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Choice Phase primarily involve in decision-making?

    <p>Enabling selection of the best alternative given a complex constraint structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Enabling continuous scanning of external and internal information sources to identify problems and/or opportunities is a support for the Design Phase in decision-making.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Choice Phase in decision-making primarily involves generating alternative courses of action and determining the criteria for choice.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Implementation Phase primarily involves the timely identification of opportunities and explaining the justification to reduce resistance to change.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    RFID and other wireless technologies are slower compared to faster computers and better algorithms in processing huge amounts of heterogeneous/distributed data.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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