45 Questions
What are Simon's four phases of decision making?
Intelligence, design, choice, and implementation
What is the main advantage of understanding the concepts of rationality and bounded rationality in decision making?
To improve the quality of decision making
What is the primary function of Decision Support Systems (DSS) in practice?
To provide support for decision making
Why is it important to dissect DSS into its main concepts when building successful systems?
To improve understanding and ensure successful system building
Which phase of decision making involves gathering and analyzing information?
Intelligence
What is the nature of models in decision making?
They help simplify complex decision problems
Which characteristic of decision making refers to the phenomenon where changes in the decision-making environment may occur continuously?
Continuous changes in the decision-making environment
What is one area suffering most from fast decisions, as mentioned in the text?
Human resources
According to Simon (1977), what is managerial decision making synonymous with?
Entire management process
What occurs when a system does not meet its established goals, yield predicted results, or work as planned?
A Problem
Are problem solving and decision making different according to Simon's phases of the decision process?
(1)-(4): problem solving; (3): decision making
Which discipline contributes a unique, valid view of how people make decisions?
Management science/operations research
What is the manner by which decision makers think and react to problems called?
Decision style
Which type of models are iconic and scale models examples of?
Iconic models
What are the benefits of models mentioned in the text?
Ease of manipulation and compression of time
In small organizations, who are mainly responsible for decision making?
Individuals
What does a model represent according to the text?
A simplified representation of reality
What is the difference between what people desire (or expect) and what is actually occurring?
Problem
What is the term used for the timely identification of opportunities being as important as the identification of problems?
Identification of problems
What may improve the structuredness of a problem situation?
Information/data
What is constructed, tested, and validated during the design phase of decision-making?
Modeling
What describes the acceptability of a solution approach and reflects decision-making objectives?
Principle of Choice
Which type of models assume that humans are economic beings whose objective is to maximize the attainment of goals?
(= optimization) models
What type of models describe things as they are or as they are believed to be?
Descriptive models
"Seeking to achieving a desired level of performance as opposed to the 'best'" is associated with which decision-making approach?
"Good Enough, or Satisficing"
What helps in generating alternatives in most MSS situations?
"GSS"
"A statement of assumptions about the operating environment (variables) of a particular system at a given time" is known as:
"Scenario"
"Includes the search, evaluation, and recommendation of an appropriate solution to the model" is associated with which phase of decision-making?
"The Choice Phase"
"Solving with a formula" is an example of which search approach in decision-making?
"Analytic techniques"
What is the main focus of the Implementation phase in decision-making?
Putting a recommended solution to work
Which technology resource is NOT mentioned as a support for the Intelligence Phase of decision-making?
Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
In decision-making, what does the Design Phase primarily involve?
Generating alternative courses of action and determining the criteria for choice
Which is NOT a resource mentioned for supporting the Choice Phase in decision-making?
ANN
What is emphasized as critical in dealing with unstructured/complex problems during the Design Phase of decision-making?
Human experts and brainstorming/GSS
Which technology resource is NOT listed to support the Implementation Phase in decision-making?
Business activity monitoring (BAM)
What is an example of a new technology mentioned to support decision-making?
Web-based systems
Which technology is NOT listed as part of the new technologies to support decision-making?
CD-ROMs
What is NOT a part of resources/technologies mentioned for supporting the Intelligence Phase in decision-making?
PDA, Cell phones, Tablet PCs
What type of problems require human experts, ES, KMS, brainstorming/GSS, OLAP, data/text mining during decision-making?
Unstructured/complex problems
What is emphasized as enabling continuous scanning of external and internal information sources to identify problems and/or opportunities during the Intelligence Phase of decision-making?
Enabling continuous scanning of external and internal information sources to identify problems and/or opportunities
What does the Choice Phase primarily involve in decision-making?
Enabling selection of the best alternative given a complex constraint structure
Enabling continuous scanning of external and internal information sources to identify problems and/or opportunities is a support for the Design Phase in decision-making.
False
The Choice Phase in decision-making primarily involves generating alternative courses of action and determining the criteria for choice.
False
The Implementation Phase primarily involves the timely identification of opportunities and explaining the justification to reduce resistance to change.
False
RFID and other wireless technologies are slower compared to faster computers and better algorithms in processing huge amounts of heterogeneous/distributed data.
False
Test your knowledge about the intelligence phase of decision-making, including environmental scanning, problem identification, and the importance of timely opportunity recognition. This quiz is based on content from the book 'Decision-Making' published by Prentice Hall.
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