Deciduous Teeth and Anatomical Landmarks Quiz

Deciduous Teeth

• The deciduous teeth are numbered from 1 to 20, with the suffix "d" added to distinguish them from permanent teeth.
• An alternative system uses letters from A to T to designate deciduous teeth.

Anatomical Landmarks

• Raised landmarks: cusp, tubercle, cingulum
• Depressed landmarks: fossa, sulcus, groove, pit
• Other landmarks: lobe, mamelon

Cusp

• An elevation or mound on the crown of a tooth that makes up part of the occlusal surface.

Tubercle

• A smaller elevation on the crown of a tooth, produced by extra formation of enamel, deviating from the typical form.

Cingulum

• A convexity on the lingual lobe of an anterior tooth, making up the bulk of the cervical third of the lingual surface, resembling a girdle that encircles the lingual surface at the cervical third.

Ridges

• Linear elevations on the surface of a tooth, named according to their location.
• Types of ridges: marginal ridges, triangular ridges.

Tooth Classification

• Anterior teeth: 4 incisors, 2 canines in each arch, totaling 8 teeth.
• Posterior teeth: 8 premolars (4 in each arch), 12 molars (6 in each arch).

Tooth Function

• Incisors: incising, cutting food.
• Canines: tearing, cutting food.
• Premolars: tearing, grinding food.
• Molars: grinding food.

Tooth Surfaces

• Facial (labial or buccal surface): next to the lips and cheeks.
• Palatal surface: towards the palate (upper teeth).
• Lingual surface: towards the tongue (lower teeth).
• Mesial surface: towards the midline.
• Distal surface: away from the midline.
• Incisal surface: the biting edge of anterior teeth.
• Occlusal surface: the masticating surface of posterior teeth.

Morphological Features of a Tooth

• Crown: the coronal part of the tooth covered by enamel.
• Anatomical crown: the part of the tooth covered with enamel, ending at the cervical line.
• Clinical crown: the part of the tooth visible in the oral cavity.
• Root: the part of the tooth covered by cementum, embedded in bone.

Dental Anatomy

• Defined as the study of development, morphology, function, and identity of each tooth in human dentition.
• Includes the way teeth relate to each other in the same or opposite arch.

Primary Dentition

• Complete primary dentition: 20 teeth, 10 in the upper maxillary arch and 10 in the lower mandibular arch, present in children from 2 to 6 years old.
• Also known as the deciduous dentition, eventually shed and replaced by permanent teeth.

Permanent Dentition

• Complete permanent dentition: 32 teeth, 16 in the upper maxillary arch and 16 in the lower mandibular arch, present in adults.