Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which perspective on justice focuses on the costs and benefits associated with decarbonization efforts?
Which perspective on justice focuses on the costs and benefits associated with decarbonization efforts?
- Distributional justice (correct)
- Restorative justice
- Recognitional justice
- Procedural justice
What does procedural justice primarily focus on in the context of decarbonization?
What does procedural justice primarily focus on in the context of decarbonization?
- The historical injustices affecting regions
- The scientific data used in policy formation
- The processes of decision-making and inclusion (correct)
- The benefits received by corporations
Recognitional justice in decarbonization processes is concerned with which of the following?
Recognitional justice in decarbonization processes is concerned with which of the following?
- Including various stakeholders in decision-making
- The legal frameworks supporting renewable energy
- The subjective perceptions of different actors
- Acknowledging economic inequalities (correct)
How do perceptions of (in)justice influence decarbonization policy?
How do perceptions of (in)justice influence decarbonization policy?
In the context of decarbonization, why might the fossil energy industry demand government incentives?
In the context of decarbonization, why might the fossil energy industry demand government incentives?
One aspect of recognitional justice includes attention to which type of injustices?
One aspect of recognitional justice includes attention to which type of injustices?
What do many carbon-intensive regions compare unfavorably against in terms of decarbonization capacities?
What do many carbon-intensive regions compare unfavorably against in terms of decarbonization capacities?
Which of the following is NOT a focus of procedural justice?
Which of the following is NOT a focus of procedural justice?
What is the primary reason for resistance from the fossil fuel industry during the transition to decarbonization?
What is the primary reason for resistance from the fossil fuel industry during the transition to decarbonization?
Which group is NOT mentioned as participating in resistance against decarbonization plans?
Which group is NOT mentioned as participating in resistance against decarbonization plans?
What factor contributes to the legitimacy of resistance from impacted local actors?
What factor contributes to the legitimacy of resistance from impacted local actors?
How can treating resistance as an illegitimate obstacle affect social dynamics?
How can treating resistance as an illegitimate obstacle affect social dynamics?
What common concern has been voiced by unions regarding decarbonization?
What common concern has been voiced by unions regarding decarbonization?
Which of the following is a consequence of failing to consider the distributional impacts of decarbonization policies?
Which of the following is a consequence of failing to consider the distributional impacts of decarbonization policies?
What is a significant characteristic of the citizen protests against wind farm developments in Greece?
What is a significant characteristic of the citizen protests against wind farm developments in Greece?
What percentage of strategies in the inventory are categorized as transformative actions?
What percentage of strategies in the inventory are categorized as transformative actions?
What is a common theme used by populist parties in Poland to garner support?
What is a common theme used by populist parties in Poland to garner support?
What pattern emerges from citizen resistance strategies in the context of decarbonization?
What pattern emerges from citizen resistance strategies in the context of decarbonization?
Which of the following is identified as a challenge in implementing decarbonization policies?
Which of the following is identified as a challenge in implementing decarbonization policies?
How do resistance and negotiation interactions often conclude in the context of decarbonization?
How do resistance and negotiation interactions often conclude in the context of decarbonization?
Why might adaptive strategies in renewable energy provoke resistance?
Why might adaptive strategies in renewable energy provoke resistance?
What is indicated as unlikely to manifest at the required scale and speed?
What is indicated as unlikely to manifest at the required scale and speed?
What aspect of policies is highlighted as needing further exploration?
What aspect of policies is highlighted as needing further exploration?
How is resistance characterized in relation to transformation?
How is resistance characterized in relation to transformation?
What is crucial for the design of effective decarbonization policies?
What is crucial for the design of effective decarbonization policies?
What type of strategies is explored alongside the notion of societal tipping points?
What type of strategies is explored alongside the notion of societal tipping points?
What do the authors hope the Coping Strategies Inventory will serve as?
What do the authors hope the Coping Strategies Inventory will serve as?
Which aspect of societal relations is emphasized as needing change for effective transformation?
Which aspect of societal relations is emphasized as needing change for effective transformation?
What is suggested to cultivate deeper explorations regarding climate action?
What is suggested to cultivate deeper explorations regarding climate action?
What is a significant outcome of investigating resistance strategies?
What is a significant outcome of investigating resistance strategies?
What do existing transition plans often fail to account for?
What do existing transition plans often fail to account for?
What type of resistance involves opposition to the phase-out of coal mines or processing facilities?
What type of resistance involves opposition to the phase-out of coal mines or processing facilities?
What is a common reaction of firms to decarbonization efforts?
What is a common reaction of firms to decarbonization efforts?
How do adaptation strategies generally relate to resistance?
How do adaptation strategies generally relate to resistance?
Circumstances under which resistance is less likely to occur often involve what?
Circumstances under which resistance is less likely to occur often involve what?
What political aspect is significant in determining adaptation actions?
What political aspect is significant in determining adaptation actions?
What is a potential issue with adaptation strategies that appear to endorse decarbonization?
What is a potential issue with adaptation strategies that appear to endorse decarbonization?
What factor contributes to the complexity of resistance strategies?
What factor contributes to the complexity of resistance strategies?
Which of the following might indicate a failure to address different perspectives in decarbonization projects?
Which of the following might indicate a failure to address different perspectives in decarbonization projects?
What is a key difference in motivations between social movements and firms regarding decarbonization?
What is a key difference in motivations between social movements and firms regarding decarbonization?
Resistance to decarbonization can stem from which of the following concerns?
Resistance to decarbonization can stem from which of the following concerns?
Which group is often resistant to decarbonization policies due to socioeconomic impacts?
Which group is often resistant to decarbonization policies due to socioeconomic impacts?
What strategy may be adopted to reduce vulnerability while also maintaining existing structures?
What strategy may be adopted to reduce vulnerability while also maintaining existing structures?
What can lead to trade unions perceiving a transition as unjust?
What can lead to trade unions perceiving a transition as unjust?
What is essential for successful implementation of decarbonization policies?
What is essential for successful implementation of decarbonization policies?
What issue may arise from the development of new renewable industries?
What issue may arise from the development of new renewable industries?
When can perceived injustices in decarbonization empower populism?
When can perceived injustices in decarbonization empower populism?
Which of the following best describes 'enabling transformations'?
Which of the following best describes 'enabling transformations'?
What factor contributed to the motivations of the French gilets jaunes protestors?
What factor contributed to the motivations of the French gilets jaunes protestors?
What are the three vectors that Gaventa outlines regarding actors' responses to decarbonization?
What are the three vectors that Gaventa outlines regarding actors' responses to decarbonization?
The process by which decarbonization is pursued requires attention to what?
The process by which decarbonization is pursued requires attention to what?
How does the concept of resilience differ from adaptation in the context of decarbonization?
How does the concept of resilience differ from adaptation in the context of decarbonization?
What does resistance in the context of decarbonization policies aim to achieve?
What does resistance in the context of decarbonization policies aim to achieve?
What does path dependency in the context of decarbonization imply?
What does path dependency in the context of decarbonization imply?
What might exacerbate pre-existing injustices during decarbonization efforts?
What might exacerbate pre-existing injustices during decarbonization efforts?
How can best practices from natural resource governance be applied to decarbonization?
How can best practices from natural resource governance be applied to decarbonization?
In terms of decarbonization policies, what does the term 'adaptation' typically refer to?
In terms of decarbonization policies, what does the term 'adaptation' typically refer to?
What is a potential drawback of prioritizing adaptation strategies for decarbonization?
What is a potential drawback of prioritizing adaptation strategies for decarbonization?
Why is follow-through important after seeking broader input in decarbonization processes?
Why is follow-through important after seeking broader input in decarbonization processes?
What characterizes the connections between different types of responses to decarbonization?
What characterizes the connections between different types of responses to decarbonization?
The imposition of EU transition timelines can create justice issues primarily due to what factor?
The imposition of EU transition timelines can create justice issues primarily due to what factor?
What was a successful example of collaborative governance in decarbonization?
What was a successful example of collaborative governance in decarbonization?
Why is the distinction between adaptation and transformation often considered fuzzy?
Why is the distinction between adaptation and transformation often considered fuzzy?
Institutional theory highlights which aspect regarding decarbonization?
Institutional theory highlights which aspect regarding decarbonization?
What does the term 'venues' refer to in the context of actors' capabilities?
What does the term 'venues' refer to in the context of actors' capabilities?
What do outmigration strategies in certain regions illustrate about community involvement?
What do outmigration strategies in certain regions illustrate about community involvement?
In the context of decarbonization, how should adaptation strategies ideally be approached?
In the context of decarbonization, how should adaptation strategies ideally be approached?
What type of justice issues emerge from relying on top-down decarbonization policies?
What type of justice issues emerge from relying on top-down decarbonization policies?
How do citizen assemblies contribute to the decarbonization process?
How do citizen assemblies contribute to the decarbonization process?
How can trade unions react to the creation of new jobs during decarbonization?
How can trade unions react to the creation of new jobs during decarbonization?
What do the majority of strategies in the provided inventory represent?
What do the majority of strategies in the provided inventory represent?
Flashcards
Distributional Justice
Distributional Justice
A type of justice that focuses on how benefits and burdens from decarbonization policies are distributed among different groups.
Procedural Justice
Procedural Justice
A type of justice concerned with the processes and procedures involved in decarbonization, emphasizing fair participation and representation.
Recognitional Justice
Recognitional Justice
A type of justice that acknowledges past injustices and seeks to redress them in decarbonization efforts.
Distribution of Costs and Benefits
Distribution of Costs and Benefits
In the context of decarbonization, this refers to the unequal distribution of costs and benefits, where those who experience the impacts may not be the same groups who receive the financial gains.
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Subjectivity of Justice Perceptions
Subjectivity of Justice Perceptions
The perception of fairness in decarbonization policies can vary significantly among different groups due to their unique experiences and priorities.
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Equitable Treatment
Equitable Treatment
The idea that decarbonization policies should be implemented in a way that minimizes harm to vulnerable communities and avoids creating new injustices.
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Systemic or Historical Injustices
Systemic or Historical Injustices
The idea that the impacts of decarbonization can be influenced by historical factors, like economic development or education levels, creating disparities in various regions.
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Context-Specific Decarbonization
Context-Specific Decarbonization
Decarbonization strategies that consider the unique circumstances and needs of different groups to ensure a just and equitable transition.
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Resilience
Resilience
The ability of a system to withstand disruptions and adapt to changing conditions while retaining its core identity and functions.
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Adaptation
Adaptation
The ability of a system to respond to changing conditions, particularly those related to climate change, to adapt and thrive.
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Transformation
Transformation
A fundamental shift in a system’s structure, functions, or behaviours, often driven by significant pressures.
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Resistance
Resistance
Strategies employed by actors to resist changes associated with decarbonization policies, seeking to preserve existing conditions.
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Adaptation
Adaptation
Actions taken by actors to adjust to changes brought about by decarbonization policies, often involving shifts in practices or behaviours.
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Transformation
Transformation
A fundamental reorientation of a system’s structure, functions, or practices in response to decarbonization pressures, resulting in significant and lasting change.
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Coping Actors
Coping Actors
Actors with different resources and capabilities who are engaged in navigating the challenges and opportunities associated with decarbonization.
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Resistance to Decarbonization
Resistance to Decarbonization
Strategies aimed at preventing or slowing down the implementation of decarbonization policies.
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Resistance to New Decarbonized Infrastructures
Resistance to New Decarbonized Infrastructures
Opposition to the development of new, low-carbon infrastructure like wind turbines or solar farms.
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Resistance to Financial and Regulatory Mechanisms
Resistance to Financial and Regulatory Mechanisms
Actions opposing financial and regulatory mechanisms designed to support low-carbon transitions, such as carbon taxes.
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Adaptation to Decarbonization
Adaptation to Decarbonization
The process of adjusting to the inevitability of decarbonization policies and changing conditions while trying to maintain existing systems.
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Adaptive Responses
Adaptive Responses
Changes made to behaviors and institutions in response to decarbonization policies, seeking to minimize disruption but often maintaining existing power structures.
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Political Nature of Adaptation
Political Nature of Adaptation
The notion that adaptation strategies are inherently political because they depend on how the decarbonization problem is framed and who defines the vulnerabilities and solutions.
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Differential Impacts of Decarbonization
Differential Impacts of Decarbonization
The idea that different actors have varying levels of dependence on carbon resources, leading to unequal impacts and adaptive capacities.
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Adaptation Actions as Shaped by Existing Structures
Adaptation Actions as Shaped by Existing Structures
The understanding that existing power structures, resources, and capacities shape the choices available for adaptation, leading to disparities in responses.
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Adapt-Resist Actions
Adapt-Resist Actions
Actions that appear to be adaptations to decarbonization policies but actually serve to maintain or strengthen fossil fuel interests.
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Persistence of Resistance
Persistence of Resistance
The persistence of resistance across actors and time, highlighting the significant challenges posed by decarbonization.
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Resistance Revealing Injustices
Resistance Revealing Injustices
The revelation of injustices and inequities inherent in decarbonization efforts through resistance.
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Far-Reaching Impacts of Decarbonization
Far-Reaching Impacts of Decarbonization
The widespread impact of decarbonization policies, affecting lives, economies, and global energy systems.
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Blurry Boundaries of Transformation and Resistance
Blurry Boundaries of Transformation and Resistance
The blurring of lines between transformation and resistance, as they can be interconnected and sometimes intertwined.
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Resistance as a Catalyst for Change
Resistance as a Catalyst for Change
The recognition that resistance can be a catalyst for change, even if it initially appears to be an obstacle.
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Adaptive Strategies
Adaptive Strategies
A strategy that focuses on minimizing disruptions and adapting to decarbonization policies, often maintaining existing power structures.
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Transformative Strategies
Transformative Strategies
Strategies that fundamentally shift a system's structure, functions, or practices in response to decarbonization pressures. They aim for significant and lasting change.
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Resistance Strategies
Resistance Strategies
Strategies employed by actors to oppose or slow down the implementation of decarbonization policies.
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Resistance as a Catalyst
Resistance as a Catalyst
The recognition that resistance can be a catalyst for change, even if it initially appears to be an obstacle.
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Adaptation Actions Shaped by Structures
Adaptation Actions Shaped by Structures
The understanding that existing power structures, resources, and capacities shape the choices available for adaptation, leading to disparities in responses.
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Decarbonization
Decarbonization
The process of reducing or eliminating greenhouse gas emissions from an economy.
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Fossil Fuel Industry Resistance
Fossil Fuel Industry Resistance
Fossil fuel industries resist decarbonization because their profitability and existence are threatened by a shift to clean energy.
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Resistance from Non-Fossil Fuel Actors
Resistance from Non-Fossil Fuel Actors
Workers, communities, and NGOs resist decarbonization due to concerns about job losses, social and economic impacts, and lack of involvement in decision-making.
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Distributional Justice in Decarbonization
Distributional Justice in Decarbonization
Distributional justice focuses on ensuring that the benefits and costs of decarbonization are fairly distributed among different groups.
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Procedural Justice in Decarbonization
Procedural Justice in Decarbonization
Procedural justice emphasizes fairness and transparency in the processes involved in decarbonization, ensuring diverse voices are heard.
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Resistance as a Signal
Resistance as a Signal
Resistance to decarbonization can signal that the potential negative impacts and concerns of affected communities haven't been adequately addressed.
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Resolving Resistance Through Negotiation
Resolving Resistance Through Negotiation
Negotiations and compromise can help resolve conflicts arising from decarbonization, ensuring fair compensation and support for affected groups.
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Consequences of Ignoring Resistance
Consequences of Ignoring Resistance
Ignoring or dismissing resistance to decarbonization can exacerbate inequalities and lead to social unrest, as evident in the gilets jaunes protests in France.
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Populist Movements and Decarbonization
Populist Movements and Decarbonization
Populist movements often exploit concerns related to decarbonization, using them to gain political support by emphasizing protection of traditional industries and jobs.
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Social Disempowerment and Decarbonization
Social Disempowerment and Decarbonization
Decarbonization policies can lead to social disempowerment and frustration if they fail to consider the distributional impacts on different communities.
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Citizen Resistance and Inequality
Citizen Resistance and Inequality
Citizen resistance against low-carbon infrastructure often highlights concerns about the unequal distribution of profits, perpetuating existing social and economic inequalities.
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Extractive Development and Resistance
Extractive Development and Resistance
Extractive natural resource development, where big companies profit while communities receive little benefit, is a common pattern that fuels resistance.
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Transforming vs. Transitioning
Transforming vs. Transitioning
Transitioning to renewable energy without addressing systemic inequalities can perpetuate existing injustices and trigger further resistance.
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Moving Beyond Adaptation
Moving Beyond Adaptation
Actors pushing for decarbonization often seek transformation, addressing systemic inequalities and creating more equitable systems.
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Distributional Inequities in Decarbonization
Distributional Inequities in Decarbonization
Policies aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions can have unequal effects on different groups; some benefit while others experience burdens.
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Recognitional Justice in Decarbonization
Recognitional Justice in Decarbonization
Recognizing past injustices and striving to address them in decarbonization efforts, aiming for equity and fairness.
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Transformation in Decarbonization
Transformation in Decarbonization
A fundamental reorientation of a system’s structure, functions, or practices in response to decarbonization pressures, resulting in significant and lasting change.
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Path Dependence in Decarbonization
Path Dependence in Decarbonization
Understanding how decarbonization can lead to changes that are not always straightforward, and can create unintended consequences.
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Coping Mechanisms in Decarbonization
Coping Mechanisms in Decarbonization
Coping Mechanisms in Decarbonization
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Facilitated Collaborative Governance in Decarbonization
Facilitated Collaborative Governance in Decarbonization
A process involving broad inclusion, deliberation, and debate aimed at addressing deep societal divisions and trade-offs in decarbonization.
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Meaningful Participation in Decarbonization
Meaningful Participation in Decarbonization
Providing meaningful opportunities for affected parties to shape the decisions that will affect their lives, and create a fairer distribution of benefits.
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Local Knowledge Integration in Decarbonization
Local Knowledge Integration in Decarbonization
Integrating local knowledge and creating better development plans through participation and inclusion in decision-making processes.
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Follow Through in Decarbonization
Follow Through in Decarbonization
Making sure that efforts to engage citizens and seek input are genuine and have a real impact on decision-making.
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Dominance of Adaptation in Decarbonization
Dominance of Adaptation in Decarbonization
Understanding the balance between adaptation and transformation in decarbonization efforts, and the potential limitations of adaptation approaches.
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Institutional Lock-in and Socio-Economic Drivers in Decarbonization
Institutional Lock-in and Socio-Economic Drivers in Decarbonization
The challenge of addressing the potential limitations of adaptation strategies and the need for more transformative approaches.
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Transformative Private Sector Action in Decarbonization
Transformative Private Sector Action in Decarbonization
Strategies that leverage the power of private sector actors to incentivize more sustainable practices, such as economic benefit sharing or community-led planning.
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Justice in Decarbonization Transitions
- Justice in decarbonization is multifaceted, encompassing distributional, procedural, and recognitional perspectives, among others
- Distributional justice in decarbonization concerns the equitable distribution of costs and benefits. Renewable energy developments often benefit corporations while impacting those experiencing the development
- Procedural justice focuses on the fairness of decision-making processes, ensuring inclusivity and consideration of diverse perspectives during decarbonization efforts
- Recognitional justice centers on addressing historical and systemic injustices within decarbonization efforts. Often, communities in carbon-intensive regions face adaptation challenges due to lower economic indicators compared to other areas.
Subjective Perceptions of Justice
- Perceptions of justice are highly subjective and vary among different actors and scales
- Fossil fuel industry may emphasize equitable treatment to demand incentives, perpetuating injustices related to transitional funds
- Trade unions may consider a transition unjust if new jobs lack the same pay as lost positions
- The development of new renewable industries could create injustices if they worsen resource extraction issues for disadvantaged communities
Top-Down Decarbonization and Justice
- Top-down decarbonization decisions (e.g., EU transition timelines) may spark justice concerns, impacting national priorities and existing industries
- National and EU priorities may clash, creating justice issues, exemplified by Poland's coal industry and Greece's austerity program
- These perceived injustices can contribute to populist movements, as seen in former coal regions in France
Coping Strategies for Decarbonization
- Actors in decarbonization respond through various coping strategies, influenced by decision-making levels, available resources, and action venues
- Individuals have limited coping options compared to corporations facing carbon taxes
- Actors' responses vary based on their access to decision-making levels, resources, and action venues
Resistance, Adaptation, and Transformation
- Resistance, adaptation, and transformation are interconnected strategies for responding to decarbonization initiatives
- Resilience is the ability to adapt to changing conditions within existing boundaries, which, according to Folke et al. (2010), involves preserving function, structure, and feedbacks (and therefore identity)
- Adaptation seeks to respond to changing conditions without fundamentally challenging existing systems
- Transformation involves creating new systems when current structures become unsustainable
Resistance to Decarbonization
- Resistance to decarbonization often arises from concerns regarding socioeconomic impacts, political and economic ideologies, attachment to place, climate denialism, and health/safety issues
- Firms often resist decarbonization efforts to protect existing political and economic orders, ensuring profit generation. Governments are often motivated by economic growth.
- Resistance can be a sign of insufficient consideration of diverse perspectives and views during decarbonization planning and implementation.
- Successful responses to resistance can involve improving compensation and retraining packages. Ignoring resistance can worsen injustices
Adaptation to Decarbonization
- Adaptation to decarbonization involves adjusting to change while aiming to maintain existing socioeconomic, political and cultural systems
- Adaptation strategies can be inherently political, influenced by who frames the issue and vulnerabilities of actors
- Adaptation can also take on a resistant form - "greenwashing" - by supporting superficially decarbonizing solutions while primarily maintaining fossil fuel interests (e.g., hydrogen projects).
Transformation in Decarbonization
- Transformation, while potentially blurry, aligns with the idea of shifting beyond adaptive strategies to systematically address systemic inequalities inherent to current systems
- Examples include creating energy communities, smaller enterprise economies, and reduced energy consumption
- Enabling transformations, often executed by NGOs and governments, strive to facilitate larger structural changes by providing crucial skills and spaces for improvement.
Dominance of Adaptation and its Limits
- Adaptation represents a significant component of decarbonization efforts in the PROJECT NAME Coping Strategies Inventory
- Institutional lock-ins, and profit-maximizing incentives tend to push actors towards adaptation, rather than transformative responses
- Adaptation can often be insufficient, highlighting the urgent need for strategies that address both process, distribution, and systemic issues.
Overall Conclusions
- While adaptation dominates, addressing systemic inequalities, procedural fairness, and recognitional justice are crucial for socially accepted and effective decarbonization
- The PROJECT NAME Coping Strategies Inventory provides a valuable resource for understanding responses to decarbonization
- Effective decarbonization policies need to consider systemic distributional, procedural, and recognitional injustices for greater public acceptance and wider impact
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