أسئلة المحاضرات (1-2-3) شرعي طب الدلتا (قبل التعديل)

<p>Hypostasis is absent</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Areas subjected to pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Delayed onset with prolonged duration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Athletes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Continued ATP depletion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infants and senile persons</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adult athletes have delayed activity while infants are rapid due to ATP differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tissues become frozen and stiff.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It takes the position in which it was lying.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Freezing of body fluids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The joints become pliable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exposure to freezing temperatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marbling</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linear branching patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formation of blisters</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decomposition of hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1-1.5°C per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.5°C per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2-3°C per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3-4°C per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conditions are typically stable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased Heart Rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Postmortem Cooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decomposition of the body due to bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Post Mortem Cooling, Rigor Mortis, Putrefaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respiration and circulation failing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Manifestation of post mortem changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nerve tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Response to auditory stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Somatic death</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood remains fluid before clotting takes place.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypostasis may begin to develop at the new dependent site.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It experiences paralysis and stops heat production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Congestive heart failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gravity pulling blood towards the lowest parts of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conduction and convection processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact, while convection involves the movement of air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypostasis can manifest at different sites depending on the timing of position changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heat loss continues through various processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both oxidation and metabolism cease completely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It disappears rapidly and starts quickly with a shorter duration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It involves strong contraction without prior flaccidity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rigor mortis begins faster in warmer conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It significantly extends the duration of rigor mortis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A state of strong contraction is observed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Air accelerates putrefaction due to aerobic organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rapid multiplication of organisms is critical for putrefaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aerobic organisms are primarily responsible for accelerated putrefaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Air accelerates putrefaction due to primarily aerobic organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Putrefaction necessitates aerobic conditions for rapid organism proliferation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2-3°C per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.5°C per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The environment is experiencing moderate warmth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2-3°C per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3-4°C per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rigor mortis starts rapidly and has a shorter duration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They experience a strong contraction without passing to primary flaccidity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cold temperatures slow down the onset and prolong the duration of rigor mortis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is a strong contraction of a group of voluntary muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The muscles contract strongly before death but do not immediately relax into flaccidity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The key vital processes include the irreversible stop of respiration and circulation, along with the loss of consciousness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tissues experience irreversible death, especially nerve tissue which can survive for only 5-7 minutes without blood supply.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Post mortem changes' refer to the physiological and physical transformations that occur in the body following the cessation of vital functions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Somatic death signifies the complete cessation of cell respiration and metabolism throughout the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The inability to appreciate sensory stimuli indicates a loss of brain function and consciousness, signifying death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The end stage of decomposition is marked by the transition of soft tissue from organic to inorganic states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nervous tension can manifest in both voluntary and involuntary muscle contractions prior to death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Voluntary muscles are often in a state of contraction, leading to phenomena such as rigor mortis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscle function becomes impaired, with the body displaying signs of tension and irregular contractions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding muscular activity is critical as it helps elucidate the timeline and nature of postmortem changes, including rigor mortis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Death from infective diseases or congestive heart failure leads to increased rates of putrefaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dehydration retards putrefaction, slowing down the decomposition process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In hot, dry climates, the slow drying of body fluids by evaporation replaces traditional putrefaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood serves as a good medium for putrefactive bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arsenic poisoning significantly retards the process of putrefaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The four late signs of death are post mortem cooling, rigor mortis, post mortem hypostasis, and putrefaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Postmortem cooling is the process in which the body temperature decreases after death until it reaches the ambient temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rigor mortis develops as ATP levels decrease, causing the muscles to stiffen due to the cross-linking of actin and myosin filaments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Putrefaction is the decomposition of the body by bacteria, leading to the breakdown of tissues and the release of gases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Post mortem hypostasis, or the settling of blood in the lowest parts of the body, helps in estimating the time since death based on the extent of discoloration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>These signs indicate advanced putrefaction, a post-mortem change resulting from bacterial activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It suggests that the body is in the later stages of decomposition, commonly associated with putrefaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental factors, like temperature and humidity, can accelerate decomposition and influence the onset of these changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The body is likely in the stage of advanced decomposition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Offensive odors can help forensic experts determine the time since death and the stage of decomposition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anaerobic glycolysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1-4 hours for the face and 4-6 hours for the limbs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ATP concentration diminishes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depletion of ATP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In approximately 12 hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clothing acts as an insulator, slowing down heat loss and thereby influencing the postmortem temperature decline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The body's position can cause pressure-induced areas where hypostasis is absent, leading to uneven distribution of blood pooling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obesity, due to its insulating properties, slows down heat loss, impacting the rate of cooling in a deceased body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher body temperatures at the time of death can accelerate postmortem processes, such as decomposition and rigor mortis onset.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Posture affects the distribution of rigor mortis and the pooling of blood, leading to differences in both hypostasis and physical rigidity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The most dependent position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can alter the appearance and location of hypostasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cessation of blood circulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It determines where blood pools postmortem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Earlier changes can prevent or shift the area of hypostasis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Smaller muscle groups deplete ATP more quickly due to their increased frequency of contraction and energy demands relative to size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High temperature results in a rapid onset of muscular activity but with a short duration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lower ATP levels in the body lead to rapid muscular contraction and a quicker onset of rigor mortis, while higher ATP levels result in slower muscular build-up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As ATP levels decrease, these muscles may experience sustained contraction, leading to signs of rigidity characteristic of rigor mortis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental temperature significantly influences the rate of postmortem changes; higher temperatures can accelerate the onset of rigor mortis in muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The presence or absence of primary flaccidity can indicate whether the muscular activity was gradual or sudden.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A decrease in ATP typically results in a lack of muscular activity and can contribute to the onset of rigor mortis and other postmortem changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A body can exhibit no primary flaccidity if the death was sudden and there was significant muscular activity immediately prior to death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drowning can lead to acute hypoxia and a rapid decrease in ATP, impacting the postmortem state of muscular activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ATP is vital for muscle contractions and relaxation; its depletion leads to the onset of rigor mortis and other postmortem changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cadaveric spasm is an immediate stiffening of certain muscles at the time of death, often associated with extreme physical exertion. Unlike rigor mortis, which develops a few hours after death, cadaveric spasm occurs instantly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conditions such as mummification, adipocere formation, or saponification can replace putrefaction. These processes lead to preservation rather than breakdown of tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypostasis typically becomes fixed between 6 to 8 hours after death. This is important for determining the time of death and understanding the postmortem interval.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Post mortem cooling is slower in obese individuals due to their higher body fat content, which acts as insulation. This affects the rate of temperature drop after death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rigor mortis is considered fully developed when the entire body is rigid, typically occurring 12 hours after death. Factors such as ambient temperature, activity level before death, and individual health can influence this timeline.</p> Signup and view all the answers